1、第 14 讲 复习检测 介词介词 表示时间的介词,叫做时间介词。常见的有:at in on 1) in , on,at 在时 2)in 表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、 晚等。 如 in the 20th century(在 20 世纪), in 1989(在 1989 年), in summer (在夏天), in January(在一月), in the morning(在早上)等。 3)on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如 on May 1 st(在五月 1 日), on Monday(在 星期一), on New Years Day(在新年那
2、天), on a cold night (在一个寒冷的夜里), on a fine morning(在一个美好的早上), on Sunday afternoon(在一个星期日的下午) 等。 4)at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 如 at 3:20(在 3 点 20), at this time of year(在一年的这个时候), at Christmas(在圣诞节), at night (在夜里), at noon(在中午), 等。 5)注意:在 last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet eve
3、ry day. 口诀: 早、午、晚要用 in,at 黎明、午夜、时间前. 年、月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。 将来时态 in.以后,小处 at 大处 in。 This、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。 (划线部分重点记) 方位介词 方位介词表示物体所在的位置,常用的地点介词有: in, on, under, near, next to 1. in 表示在.内部;在.里面的意思。如: Wheres the pencil?(我的铅笔在哪?)Its in the pencil case.(它在文 具盒里
4、。) 2. on 表示在某物的上面,但两者互相接触。如: My books are on that table. 我的书在那张桌子上。 3. under 表示在某物垂直的正下方,两者之间不接触。如: My cat is under my chair. 我的猫在我的椅子下。 4. near 表示在某物体的附近,意为接近、靠近。如: The ball is near the door. 球在门旁边。 5.next to 表示“挨着.在.旁边” 。如: The sofa is next to the chair .沙发在那把椅子旁边。 口诀: 里面 in,上面 on, Under under 在下方
5、, Near near 在附近 next to next to 紧挨着 注意:苹果长在树上用介词 on-The apple is on the tree. 鸟落在树上用介词 in- The bird is in the tree. . 一般现在时及动词单三一般现在时及动词单三 一、 一般现在时概念: 一般现在时是表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 如:She is a gril. He is a boy. It is a mouse. Ian is a bird. 二、第三人称:她、他、它、某人 = 第三人称 She 、he、it、sb= The third person 三、一般现在时的形式:
6、 (1)主语+be(am. is. are)+其他 (2)主语+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他 如:Lucy gets up at half past six. She does her homework at six oclock. 三、动词单三的变化规则: (1) 直接+“s” 例:listen listens paly plays (2) 以 s,o , x, ch, sh 结尾的动词,+“es” 例:pass passes fix fixes go goes teach teaches wash washes (3) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变 y 为 i 再+”es” 例:stu
7、dy studies fly flies (4) 以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,直接加 es” 例:play plays pay pays 现在进行时现在进行时 一般现在进行时的构成是: 主语 + be 动词 + Ving 可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语,常用的有:now, at this moment 等;或者告诉你一个 准确的现在时间,或者用 look, listen, dont 等提醒听者注意正在发生的事。 例如: They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。 Listen, a boy is crying. 听,一个男孩正在哭。 Dont run
8、, the baby is sleeping. 不要跑,婴孩正在睡觉。 be 的变化 在现在时中,be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同,而分别使用 am/is/are,即:I 用 am, he/she/it (包括单数名词和不可数名词) 用 is, you/we/they (包括复数名词)用 are. 第一人称单数 I+am+v.ing 第一人称复数 We+are+v.ing. 第二人称单(复)数 You+are+v.ing 第三人称单数 He(She,It,Bob)+is+v.ing 第三人称复数 They+are+v.ing 注意:be 动词在现在时里算作“助动词” ,翻译正在进行时的时
9、候,be 不能解释为“是” , 否则不通顺。它只是和现在分词一起构成“进行时” 。 现在分词是在动词后加上 ing 构成。 如:starting, working, coming, sitting 等都是现在分词。 现在分词的变化规则如下: (1)直接在动词后加 ing. 例如:go-going, start-starting, work-working, look-looking. (2)去掉词尾不发音的 e,再加 ing. 例如: dance-dancing, make-making, come-coming, write-writing. 注意:如果单词结尾的 e 发音,则不能去掉,也直
10、接加 ing. 例如:see -seeing (3) 对于重读闭音节词,双写末尾字母再加 ing. 例如:sit-sitting, swim-swimming, get-getting, put-putting. 这一条规律,必须要弄清什么是“重读闭音节” 。 1单音节词一般为单词结尾为“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”简称“辅元辅”结构,例 如: run running, stop stopping, cut cutting, skip skipping swim swimming, get getting 等。 2特殊记忆:例如:open opening listen listening 定
11、句 现在进行时的否定句式是在 be 动词(am,is, are)后加 not. 即: 1. I am not (am not 不能缩写) 例如: I am dancing. I am not dancing. 1. is not = isnt 例如: Look! Peter is sleeping. Look! Peter is not sleeping.Look! Peter isn t sleeping. 2. are not= arent 例如: Listen! They are singing. Listen! They are not singing. Listen! They ar
12、ent singing. 口诀: 否定句的标志 NOT , 在哪否? Be 动词,后面否。 一般疑问句 一般疑问句是将 be 移到主语前面,句末加问号,读升调。 例如: It is raining now. is It raining now? Is it raining now? 一般疑问句在现在进行时的练习: 将现在进行时的陈述句改成一般疑问句步骤: 1 找 is, are 找到后将其提前。 (1 提) 2 将提至句首的 is 或 are 变大写,原来大写的首字母变小写,其他单词位置不动。 (2 变) 3 句尾加问号?(3 问号) 4 如果遇到句子中是 I am . 一般会直接改为 Are
13、 you? (依据上下文和句子情景 而定,也有 Am I ? 的时候。) 例如:I am playing basketball now. Are you playing basketball now? 肯定回答及否定回答: 确定主语人称,根据人称选择 be 动词 Is .? Yes, is. No, isnt. 例如: Is she cooking now? Yes, she is. /No, she isnt. Are? Yes, are. No, arent. Are you? Yes, I am/we are. No, Im not. /we arent. 例如: Are you coo
14、king now? Yes, I am./we are. No, Im not. / we arent. 现在进行时与一般现在时的区别现在进行时与一般现在时的区别 1 基本用法不同 一般现在时用来表示习惯性的动作或状态。如: She goes to school by bike every day.她每天骑自行车去上学。 现在进行时用来表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在发生或进行的动作或者用来表示现阶段正在进 行或存在的状态。 如:Look ! She is reading under the tree.瞧!她正在树下看书。 2. 谓语动词的形式不同 一般现在时的谓语动词: 1) be 动词用 am/
15、is/are 这三种形式; She is a teacher. I am a teacher. They are teachers. 2) 实义动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式(根据主语数的变化而变化)。 I speak English in the English class. He speaks English in the English class. We go to school at seven in the morning. 现在进行时谓语动词的形式为: am / is / are+动词-ing 形式。如: I am reading English now. 我现在正在读英语。
16、We are having dinner now. 3)时间状语不同 一般现在时常与 often, sometimes, always, usually 等频率副词连用, 还与 every morning /day / week., on Wednesday, in the morning / afternoon / evening 等时间状语连 用 例如: I get up at 7 oclock everyday. We usually play some sports after school. 现在进行时常与 now, Look ! / Listen !等提示语时,后面的句子中动词一般
17、用现在进行 时。 例如: Listen!My sister is singing in the room 1 1 复习介词的用法,学生对于常见介词要会准确使用复习介词的用法,学生对于常见介词要会准确使用 2 2 现在进行时,一般现在时的意义,结构,动词变化,以及两者中的联系要掌握现在进行时,一般现在时的意义,结构,动词变化,以及两者中的联系要掌握 3 3 句式变化句式变化 一 用 in,on, at 填空 1.The bird is _the tree . 2.The apples arethe tree. 3 We have lunch _noon. 4I watch TV play _ F
18、riday evening 二 写出下列动词的现在分词形式: write - _ come - _ hop - _ swim - _ sit - _ lie - _ 三用现在进行时完成下列句子: My parents _ _(watch)TV now. Look. Three boys _ _(run) 四 单选. Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any 五 句式变化 1. There is a woman near the h
19、ouse.(变复数) 2. There are some buses near the hill.(变单数) 3 3 She can play volleyball. (改为否定句) A A 一选择填空: ( ) 1. She is _lunch now. A. has B. haveing C. having ( ) 2.They are _in the pool. A. swimming B. swim C. swiming ( ) 3.Are you _to me? A. listen B. listening C. listenning ( ) 4.Where is Peter? Lo
20、ok! He is _the flower. A. pickking B. picking C. pick ( ) 5.My parents _ _dinner. A. is cooking B. are cook C. are cooking 二用现在进行时完成下列句子: 1.What_you_(do)? 2.I_ _(sing) an English song. 3.What_he_(make)? 4.He_ _(drive) a car. 5.We_ _(play) games now. 6. My parents _ _(watch)TV now. 7. Look. Three boy
21、s _ _(run). 8. What _ your mother _(do)now? 9. Are your dogs _ now?(sleep) 10. _ you _(listen)to the music? Yes, I am B B 三三 用 at ,in, on 填空 1 They have a PE lesson _Monday. 2 Classes begin _8:00. 3 We have four lessons _ the morning. 4 My sister play basketball_ half past four _ the afternoon. 5 My
22、 parents get up _ six thirty every morning. 6 His brother gets lots of presents _his birthday. 7 Flowers come out _ spring. 8 She is afraid of going out _night. 四.选择填空: 1. Are there any maps on the wall? _ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there aren t. 2. How many _
23、are there in the picture? _ A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk 3. There arent _ trees near the house. There is only one. _ A. any B. some C. many D. much 4. There _ two bowls of rice on the table. _ A. is B. have C. has D. are 五.句型转换: 1. There are some apples on the tree.(变一般问句) 2. There are some oran
24、ge in the glass.(变否定句) 3. Is there a baby in the room?(变复数) C C 六 选择适当的介词填空 in on 1.Look ,the picture is _the wall . 2.The window is _the wall . 3.The peaches are _the tree . 4.The bird is _the tree . 5.The apples arethe tree. 七. 根据汉语翻译句子 1 他的父母三点三十分上班。 His parents go to work _ _ _ 2 一周有七天 There are
25、 seven days _a week. 3 他的生日在十月一日 His birthday is _ the first of October. 4 他们在周六晚上看电影 They go to the cinema _ Saturday afternoon. 5 不要在下雨的夜晚出去 Dont go out _ a rainy evening. 一. 选择方位介词 ( )1.Wheres the ball? -Its the box. A. on B. in C. under ( )2. Wheres the ball? -Its the box. A. on B. in C. under (
26、 )3. Wheres the ball? -Its the box. A. on B. in C. under ( )4. Wheres the ball? -Its the box. A. on B. in C. near ( )5. -Wheres the chair? A. on B. next to C. in -Itsthe sofa. 二、选择题 ( ) 1May I stop my car here? No, you_. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. dont have to ( ) 2Can he books? A. read B. reads
27、 C. reading D. is reading ( ) 3Can we books? A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading ( ) 4I cant . A. swim B. swims C. swimming D. to swim ( ) 5. We eat in class. A. cant B. dont C. mustnt D. shouldnt ( ) 6. What you like? Id like some pizza. A. do B. would C. are D. should 三根据要求完成句子: 1 He can dri
28、ve a car. (改为一般疑问句) 2. Can they swim?(做肯定回答) 3. 我可以出去玩吗?(汉译英) 一 用括号里动词的适当形式填空。 Example: They go to work by train.(go) 1.Mr.Eden _ English.(teach) 2.Cats _ fish.(eat) 3.The boy _ hard at school.(study) 4.Mom _ dinner for us every day.(cook) 5.The students _ the class.(enjoy) 6.Birds _ in the sky.(fly
29、) 7.Chicken _ in the water.(not swim) 8.Betty _ the violin after class.(practice) 二 将下列句子改为一般疑问句,并根据提示做出回答。 1.I get up very early in the morning. _ _ 2.The children enjoy the party very much. _ _ 3.They take buses to the office. _ _ 4.Those women are our music teachers. _ _ 5.There are seven days in
30、 a week. _ _ 三 针对下列句子的划线部分提问。 1.My name is Tom. _ 2.They like Mr.Edens class. _ 3.We play soccer on the playground. _ 4.The red dress is mine. _ 5.He takes care of his sisters pet. _ 6.He takes care of his sisters pet. _ 四 将下列句子改为否定句。 1.The boy reads books in the bed. _ 2.We go to bed at 10 oclock.
31、_ 3.They do their homework after school. _ 4.The girl likes music very much. _ 5.She visits her grandparents on weekends. _ 6.We go to the park every weekend. _ 五 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 _ you _(know) the interesting facts about animals? Let me tell you: A fly only _ (live) for two weeks. An elephant _ (not jump) and it _ (drink) over 200 liters of water a day. Under all the hair, a polar bear(北 极熊) _ (have) black skin. A cat _ (sleep) for fourteen hours a day. Giraffes _ (have) purple tongues. Bees _ (have) hair on their eyes. There _ (be) 47 teeth in a mosquitos(蚊子)mouth.