1、UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 预习新知早知道预习新知早知道 .匹配词义 a匹配下列单词词义 ( )1.adversity Aadj.潮湿的；湿气重的 ( )2.vigour Badj.痛苦的；令人难受的 ( )3.aboard Cn.娱乐；消遣；游戏 ( )4.steward Dadj.深入的；彻底的；细致的 ( )5.miserable En.困境；逆境 ( )6.selfish Fadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) ( )7.genuine Gn.精力；力量；活力 ( )8.thorough Hadj.自私的 ( )9.damp In.(轮船、飞机或
2、火车上)乘务员；服务员 ( )10.recreation Jadj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 答案 15 EGFIB 610 HJDAC b匹配下列短语词义 ( )1.turn sb. down A坚持 ( )2.make fire B每况愈下 ( )3.give off C热衷于 ( )4.dream of D陷入困境 ( )5.be enthusiastic about E成功做到 ( )6.set off F拒绝(某人) ( )7.become stuck in G梦想 ( )8.from bad to worse H出发；动身 ( )9.make it I放出(热、光、气味或气体) (
3、 )10.hold on J. 生火 答案 15 FJIGC 610 HDBEA .默写单词 1 adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 2 vt.&n. 羡慕；妒忌 3 vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群 4 n&vi. 航海；航行 5 adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 bitter envy crush voyage decent 6 adj. 温馨的；舒适的 7 adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 8 n. 指导；引导；导航 9 adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 10 n. 候选人；应试者 cosy cruel guidance rough candidate .选词填空 s
4、ink；thorough；candidate；expedition；selfish；damp；genuine； guidance；motive；loyal 1There seemed to be no for the murder. 2There were a large number of for the job. 3She has always remained to her political principles. motive candidates loyal 4Activities all take place under the of an experienced tutor.
5、5If you put on clothes，you will probably catch cold. 6He had made a investigation. No wonder he knew so much about it. 7She was sincere and in her wish to make amends for the past. guidance damp thorough genuine 8It was of him to leave all the work to you. 9The ship to the bottom of the sea. 10They
6、have gone on an to the Antarctic. expedition selfish sank .语法填空之派生词 1He showed remarkable (endure) throughout his illness. 2She never lost her (enthusiastic) for teaching. 3 You will need to complete three written (assign) per semester. 4These (abandon) children have now got a future. endurance enth
7、usiasm assignments abandoned 5I decided that I would sell my car，put my personal (belong) in storage and rent my house. 6The achievement of ones purpose depends largely upon ones (persevere) 7The government is pressing for an early (resolve) of the dispute. belongings perseverance resolution 8 His (
8、apply) for membership of the organisation was rejected. 9A good (advertise) campaign will increase our sales. 10We made a (commit) to keep working together. application advertising commitment 1An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackletonthis is the adventure that I have been
9、dreaming of. 和 伟 大 的 欧 内 斯 特 沙 克 尔 顿 爵 士 一 起 去 南 极 探 险 。 这是我一直梦想的冒险 2But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard. 但是我对和他们一起去的想法非常热切，所以我偷偷地登上了 “坚忍”号， 。 藏在一个小柜子里 3How everyone will envy me when I come
10、back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 当我回来告诉他们 时， 每个人都会羡慕 我！ 4We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. 我们已经挣扎了好几天了， 。 但象岛上的情况每况愈下 我去过的那些神奇的地方 5Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island， 1， 33
11、0 kilometres awaythe voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats. 我们到达后不久， 沙克尔顿就离开我们去 1 330 公里外的南乔治 亚岛寻求帮助， 。 这次航行太危险了，很难让我们所有人都坐上小船 名师圈点 expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 Ernest Shackleton，人名，20 世纪英国著名探险家，1909 年 1 月 16 日，由 Ernest Shackleton 带领的探险队在南极附近发现了南磁极。 honour n荣誉
12、；荣耀 advertisement n广告 adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 dream of 梦想 fit adj.健康的 vigour n. 精力；活力；力量 apply v. 申请；应用 turn sb. down 拒绝某人 qualified adj. 符合资格；具备的知识(或技能、学历等) enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 secretly adv.秘密地；偷偷地 aboard adv.&prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) cupboard n橱柜；壁柜；衣柜 set off 出发；动身 assign vt. 分派；布置；分配 assign sb. to do
13、 sth.分派某人做某事 steward n. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员 envy n&vt. 羡慕；嫉妒 become stuck in 被困在 21approach v接近；靠近；到来 22crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n拥挤的人群 23sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 24abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃 25calmly adv.平静地；镇静地 26essential adj. 完全必要的； 必不可少的； 极其重要的； 本质的； 基本的；根本的 27panic vi.惊慌；恐慌 28belongings n财产；动产 29banjo n班卓琴 30cam
14、p vi. 露营；野营 31survive v. 生存；存活；继续存在；幸存；幸免于难；艰难度 过；比活(或存在)的时间长 32struggle v斗争；奋争 33from bad to worse 每况愈下 34miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 35make it 成功做到 36navy n海军；海军部队 37otherwise adv.否则；要不然 38decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的 39cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 40hold on 坚持；稍等；抓住 41selfish adj. 自私的 selfless adj. 无私的 42bad- temp
15、ered adj. 脾气坏的 43genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 44perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 45resolve n. 决心；坚定的信念 vi.&vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) 原文呈现 A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explo
16、rers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions.Below are some of Blackborows diary entries. 31 October，1914 .Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. An expedition to the South Pole with t
17、he great Sir Ernest Shackleton this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19，I am fit and full of vigour. However， when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified. But I was so enthu
18、siastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately， three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job，but only after he promised me，“If anyone has to be
19、eaten， then you will be the first！ ” He assigned me to be a steward， and I now serve meals for twenty- eight men，three times a day. How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 21 Nov，1915 The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in t
20、he ice as we approached 21 Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed 22 by the ice. And when the ship sank 23 ，our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned 24 the ship，Shackleton calmly 25 called us together and told us to rescue our most essen
21、tial 26 suppliesthe small boats， our food， the cook stove， candles， clothes， and blankets. This was no time to panic 27 . We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings 28 ，and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise，he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo 29 . Husse
22、y often plays it to keep our spirits up. We are now camped 30 on the ice and we have been managing to survive 31 ，but spring is coming，and the ice will soon begin to melt. 20 May，1916 We have been struggling 32 for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse 33 . We are now crowde
23、d together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable 34 place. Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island，1，330 kilometres awaythe voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it 35 in our small boats. If Shackleton fails，will we h
24、ave any hope of rescue? No. No navy 36 in the world ever stops at Elephant Island，and no one else knows that we are here. I feel low. Its cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise 37 ，there is no food. I try to think of happier thi
25、ngs: decent 38 food，warm and dry clothes， a cosy 39 bedroom， sunny days， and my mothers face.However， these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. I shouted， “Shut the door！” “Hold on 40 now，Perce. Dont you go turning into another Tom， ” came the reply. “Weve caught anothe
26、r penguin，so its penguin soup tonight！” Bless Frank Wild，the kindest man there is after our leader，Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish 41 and bad- tempered 42 as Thomas OrdeLees! Without Frank and Ernest，wed all be dead by now.Their genuine 43 concern for others， their perseverance 44 ，
27、 and their resolve 45 fill me with hope. Perhaps there is a chance we will return home，after all. 译文参考 一次成功的失败 珀西 布莱克博罗于 1914 年加入欧内斯特 沙克尔顿爵士的“坚 忍”号南极探险之旅。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最著名的探险家之一， 作为他的探险队的一员被认为是一种极大的荣誉。 以下是布莱克博罗 的一些日记条目。 1914 年 10 月 31 日 嗯，碰巧有一天早上，我买了一份报纸，看了一则关于南极 探险的广告。 和伟大的欧内斯特 沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极探险这是我一 直梦想的冒险
28、。我已经准备好了。19 岁时，我身体健康，精力充沛。 然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太 年轻，不合格。但是我对和他们一起去的想法非常热切，所以我偷偷 地登上了“坚忍”号，藏在一个小柜子里。不幸的是，我们出发三天 后我被发现了。沙克尔顿不想回头，所以他给了我一份工作，但只是 在他承诺后， “如果有人必须被吃掉，那么你将是第一个人！”之后 他指派我做管家，我现在每天为 28 个人提供三次饭菜。 当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 每个人都会羡慕 我！ 1915 年 11 月 21 日 旅途并不轻松。当我们接近南极洲时，“坚忍”号被困在冰 里。冰把我们周围都冻住了
29、，我们彻底被卡住了！我们看到船被冰 压碎了。船沉了，我们的心也跟着沉了下去。 在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 叫我们去 营救我们最重要的物资：小船、食物、做饭用的炉子、蜡烛、衣服和 毯子。现在不是恐慌的时候。我们不允许带走大部分私人物品，沙克 尔顿把自己所有的黄金都扔掉了。 但令我们惊讶的是， 他允许赫西保 留他的班卓琴。赫西经常演奏它来振奋我们的精神。 我们现在在冰上扎营，我们一直设法活下来，但春天要来了，冰 很快就会融化。 1916 年 5 月 20 日 我们已经挣扎了好几天了，但象岛上的情况每况愈下。我们现 在挤在一条船里面，在这个悲惨的地方的岩石海岸上。我们到达后
30、不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们去1 330公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助， 这次航行太危险了，很难让我们所有人都坐上小船。如果沙克尔顿 失败了，我们还有希望获救吗？不。世界上没有海军在象岛停留 过，也没有人知道我们在这里。 我情绪低落。很冷而且还刮着风。岛上没有植物。有时我们能抓 住海豹或企鹅吃。否则，就没有食物了。我试着去想更快乐的事情： 像样的食物、温暖干燥的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光明媚的日子、还有 我母亲的脸然而， 这些快乐的回忆很快就被一股突如其来的冷风 打断了。 我喊道， “把门关上！ ” 传来一声回答： “要坚持住啊，珀西。你不要变成另一个汤姆， “我们又捉到一只企鹅了，所以今晚是企鹅汤！ ” 上帝保佑弗兰克怀尔德，我们的领袖欧内斯特沙克尔顿之外 最仁慈的人。 我怎么能变得像托马斯 奥德 利兹那样自私和坏脾气！ 如果没有弗兰德和欧内斯特， 我们现在都已经死了。 他们真正关 心他人，他们的毅力和决心使我充满希望。 毕竟，也许我们有机会回家。
