1、Unit 8 Green Living Section Grammar 走近新课一起感知走近新课一起感知 语法探究语法探究一起思考一起思考 语法感知 指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分 1.I didnt know the girl giving a speech on the stage. 2.The girl likes reading the novels written by Mo Yan. 后置定语后置定语 后后置定语置定语 3.The two women sat on the bench,talking happily. 4.Attracted
2、 by the big monkey,the little boy refused to leave. 5.While playing football,he got his left leg injured. 伴随状语伴随状语 原因原因状语状语 宾语宾语补足语补足语 知识脉络 语法精讲 一、动词一、动词-ing形式形式 动词动词-ing形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用,可以用作定语、可以用作定语、 状语、宾语补足语或表语。状语、宾语补足语或表语。 1.作定语作定语 前置定语前置定语 The crying child had a cut on his knee. 那
3、个正在哭的孩子膝盖上有一个伤口。那个正在哭的孩子膝盖上有一个伤口。 后置定语后置定语 There are many boys playing football on the playground. 有很多男孩正在操场上踢足球。有很多男孩正在操场上踢足球。 2.作状语作状语 方式或伴随状语方式或伴随状语 The children walked out of the classroom,talking happily. 孩子们走出了教室孩子们走出了教室,高兴地交谈着。高兴地交谈着。 时间状语时间状语 Seeing the woman,the lovely baby stopped crying.
4、看到这个女人看到这个女人,这个可爱的婴儿不哭了。这个可爱的婴儿不哭了。 原因状语原因状语 Not knowing her address,I couldnt send her the package. 因为不知道她的地址因为不知道她的地址,我无法给她送包裹。我无法给她送包裹。 条件状语条件状语 Working hard,you will achieve your goal some day. 努力工作努力工作,你就会在将来的某一天实现你的目标。你就会在将来的某一天实现你的目标。 结果状语结果状语 The strong wind blew away good soil,leaving only
5、sand. 大风吹走了好土大风吹走了好土,只剩下沙子。只剩下沙子。 3.作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 As I walked past the room,I heard two people arguing. 我路过房间时我路过房间时,听到两个人在争吵。听到两个人在争吵。 The girl is shy and it is hard to get her talking. 这个女孩很害羞这个女孩很害羞,让她开口说话很难。让她开口说话很难。 4.作表语作表语 The news is encouraging. 这则消息令人鼓舞。这则消息令人鼓舞。 You young people are fascin
6、ating. 你们这些年轻人非常可爱。你们这些年轻人非常可爱。 5.注意问题注意问题 有时有时,动词动词-ing形式可以代替定语或状语从句形式可以代替定语或状语从句,也可以代替也可以代替 由由and或或but连接的两个并列句。连接的两个并列句。 Arriving at the school,the children found it was closed. =When they arrived at the school,the children found it was closed. Have you met the boss managing the company? =Have you
7、 met the boss who manages the company? The car ran through the city,heading for the mountain area. =The car ran through the city and headed for the mountain area. 动词动词-ing形式作状语时形式作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一 致。致。 Carrying a large and heavy box,she tripped on a step and fell.( ) Carrying a large
8、 and heavy box,her foot tripped on a step and fell.() 【即学即用】【即学即用】 翻译句子翻译句子 她冲着正在爬树的男孩大喊。她冲着正在爬树的男孩大喊。 他在派对上说的话确实让人惊讶。他在派对上说的话确实让人惊讶。 She is shouting at the boy climbing the tree. What he said at the party was really surprising. 这两个男孩站在那里这两个男孩站在那里,怒视着对方。怒视着对方。 看到这些快乐的孩子看到这些快乐的孩子,这个人对生活很是满足。这个人对生活很是满
9、足。 导游站在那里导游站在那里,解释那幅古画解释那幅古画。 The two boys stood there,staring at each other. Seeing the happy children,the man was content with his life. The guide stood there,explaining the old painting. 二、动词二、动词-ed形式形式 动词动词-ed形式形式(过去分词过去分词)在句中可作形容词或副词。作形容在句中可作形容词或副词。作形容 词时可以作定语、宾语补足语、表语或状语。词时可以作定语、宾语补足语、表语或状语。 1
10、.作定语作定语 前置定语前置定语 When he walked into the yard,he saw the fallen leaves on the ground. 他走进院子时他走进院子时,看到了满地的落叶。看到了满地的落叶。 The volunteers pay a regular visit to the retired teachers. 这些志愿者定期去看望那些退休的老教师。这些志愿者定期去看望那些退休的老教师。 后置定语后置定语 I dont like the novel written by that young girl. =I dont like the novel w
11、hich/that was written by that young girl.我我不喜欢那个年轻女孩写的小说。不喜欢那个年轻女孩写的小说。 He decided to have a talk with the boy mentioned in the article. =He decided to have a talk with the boy that/who was mentioned in the article. 他决定和文章中提到的男孩谈一谈。他决定和文章中提到的男孩谈一谈。 2.作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 When he entered the room,he found th
12、e window broken. 他进入房间时他进入房间时,发现窗户破了。发现窗户破了。 Ill have my bike fixed while you are cooking. 你做饭时你做饭时,我去让人修自行车。我去让人修自行车。 3.作表语作表语 I am convinced of his honesty.我深信他的诚实。我深信他的诚实。 He is deeply read in the classics. 他精通古典文学。他精通古典文学。 4.作状语作状语 原因状语原因状语 He soon fell asleep,exhausted by the journey. 因为旅途过于劳累因
13、为旅途过于劳累,他很快就睡着了。他很快就睡着了。 Influenced by Gandis ideas about peaceful protests,King organised a bus protest in 1965. 受到甘地和平抗议思想的影响受到甘地和平抗议思想的影响,金在金在1965年组织了一次公共年组织了一次公共 汽车抗议。汽车抗议。 时间状语时间状语 Seen from the hill,the town looks more beautiful. 从山上看从山上看,这个镇更美丽了。这个镇更美丽了。 条件状语条件状语 Given more time and attention
14、,you can do much better next time. 如果给予更多的时间和注意如果给予更多的时间和注意,你下次会做得更好。你下次会做得更好。 让步状语让步状语 Reminded several times,he still forgot the important meeting. 被提醒了几次了被提醒了几次了,他还是把这么重要的会议忘记了。他还是把这么重要的会议忘记了。 【即学即用】【即学即用】 翻译句子翻译句子 The trees planted by the old man grew very well. Her job was to take care of the w
15、ounded soldier. Heated,the metal expands. 老人种的树生长得很好。老人种的树生长得很好。 她她的工作就是照料这个伤员。的工作就是照料这个伤员。 这种这种金属加热后会膨胀。金属加热后会膨胀。 Given better attention,the cabbages could grow even faster. I found my house broken into after I returned. You should get the bike repaired as soon as possible. 洋白菜如照管得好就会生长得更快。洋白菜如照管得好就会生长得更快。 我我回来时回来时,发现家里有人进来过。发现家里有人进来过。 你你应该尽快修理这辆自行车。应该尽快修理这辆自行车。
