1、Grammar and Usage(I) Restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns Unit 2 Getting along with others Lead-in: Translate the proverbs He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。 Friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom know until it is lost. 真正的友谊犹如健康的身体，失去时方知其可贵。真正的友谊犹
2、如健康的身体，失去时方知其可贵。 What are the pros and cons of making friends online? Read through the article of part A on page 34 and answer the following question. A Exploring the rules: Pros: People may be able to make many friends online. Cons: Friendships online can be very shallow. Texting and messaging cant
3、 replace face-to-face chatting. Sharing experiences on social media is not enough to express ones values. “Liking” friends photos online doesnt develop the connection with them. Guessing game He is a handsome man. He is a handsome man with a strict attitude to students. He is a handsome man senior t
4、o everyone in our school. He is a handsome man who manages our school well. 形容词 介词短语 限制性定语从句 形容词 限制性定语从句 He is a handsome man who manages our school well. He is a handsome man. He manages our school well. you are taking the sunshine that has brightened our pathway a while. you are taking the sunshin
5、e. The sunshine has brightened our pathway a while. 关系 代词 定语从句 定语从句 (先行词) 关系 代词 定语从句 Lets read more Friendship is a treasure. The treasure is worth valuing. Friendship is which/that is worth valuing. a machine the machine a treasure the treasure (先行词) 关系 代词 定语从句 定语从句 There is a dragon in the remote
6、East. The dragons name is China. There is whose name is China in the remote East. a dragon the dragons (先行词) 关系 代词 定语从句 Lets read more I really appreciate my best friend. I turn to my best friend every time i got in trouble. I really appreciate who/whom I turn to every time I got in trouble. my best
7、 friend (先行词) 关系 代词 定语从句 定语从句 Lets read more Complete the box of part A on page 34， and find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses. Answer A real friend is someone who walks in . A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self . . not
8、 just the face that we show to the world. . the modern tools that keep us connected . . the friends whom we love. . the values which matter most to us. . the connection which we share. Whats the function of the words in bold? Underline the 先行词/关系代词/定语从句 in the restrictive relative clauses(限制性定语从句) .
9、 page 34 A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. (先行词) 关系 代词 example: 定语从句 Exploring the Rules 技巧点拨技巧点拨：判断定语从句的开始与结束判断定语从句的开始与结束 定语从句从关系词开始，到关系词后出现定语从句从关系词开始，到关系词后出现 的的第第2个个谓语前结束。谓语前结束。 1.The actress who plays the leading role in Huaqiangu is Zhaoliying. 2. The on
10、e whose trousers are yellow is Jimmy. 3. Peppa Pig is a cartoon which is popular among children. 4. Lei Feng is a person whom we should learn from. 若没有出现第若没有出现第2个谓语，则从句从关系词开个谓语，则从句从关系词开 始到句子结束。始到句子结束。 定语从句 划出以上 限制性定语从句中的 先行词/关系代词/定语 从句 ，并判断关系代词在从句中所作成分. page 34 lets check the answer Exploring the Ru
11、les Finish “Working out the rules” on page 34. A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it. We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses. Working out the rules We use _ for things, and _ and whom for people. We can use _ f
12、or both things and people. We use _ to show possession. which who that whose Read the following sentences and combine them into one with proper relative words. 1. People have close friends. People naturally enjoy their company. 2. He is kind-hearted. He has true friends. 3. Friendship is a precious
13、wealth. One searches for it all ones life. Read the three sentences, and analyse the function of each relative word. 1. People _ have close friends naturally enjoy their company. 2. He _ is kind-hearted has true friends. 3. Friendship is a precious wealth _ one searches for all ones life. who who th
14、at/which Go through “Grammar notes” from page 98 to 99. 1. 定义： 又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或 代词，起定语作用。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 3. 关系代词关系副词： 引导定语从句的词，在从句 中充当成分。 关系代词 关系副词 which, that, who, whom, whose；as where, why, when 定语从句 定语从句和定语的作用是一样的，都为了修饰 名词（或代词）；区别是定语是形容词而定语 从句是一个句子。 定语从句置于先行词之后 定语从句 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 (
15、restrictive relative clauses) (non-restrictive relative clauses) 非限定从有逗号隔开主句从句 1)The woman _ spoke at the meeting was Mrs Jones. 2)Mrs Smith _ you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 3)In Greece there was once a king _ name was Midas. 4)Id like a room the window of_ looks out over the sea. 用关系词填空，并分析
16、其作用: which (who/whom) whose who 5)A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning of words. 6)The letter _ I received yesterday was from my brother. 7)Ill never forget the day _ I became a league member. 8)This is the place _ my mother was born. 9)I dont know the reason _ she looks unhappy today. 用关系词填空，
17、并分析其作用: which/that (which/that) when where why 10)If you restore her to the bracing mountain air _ she is accustomed to, she probably will get perfectly well again. 11)All the way down she showed him many places _ the pretty mountain flowers grew, all of _ names she could tell him. 12)The grandfathe
18、r had brought a big basket with him, _ he carried half of the contents. 用关系词填空，并分析其作用: which whose where in which 关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词关系代词 指代的先行词指代的先行词 充当从句的成分充当从句的成分 who whom which that whose as 人人 主、宾、表主、宾、表 人人 宾宾 物，物，时间，地点时间，地点， 原因，方式原因，方式 主、宾、表主、宾、表 人，物，时间人，物，时间,地地 点
19、，原因，方式点，原因，方式 主、宾、表主、宾、表 人，物，地点人，物，地点 定定 人，物，地点人，物，地点 主、宾、表主、宾、表 1.The man _stands there is Tom. 2.The girl _I met is Ms Li. 3.The boy _watch was lost is Tom. 4.The book _ lies on the desk is his. 5.The pen _ you bought is good. who/that (whom/that) whose which/that (which/that) 找出先行词：人 or物 划出定语从句部分
20、 判断先行词在从句中的成分 Practice 1 介词+关系代词 （whom；which） 当介词用于关系代词前时: 1. 关系代词指人,只能用 介词+whom 关系代词指物,只能用 介词+which 2. Whom 和 which 不能省略 1. The money is gone. You were to buy dog food with the money. The money (which/that) you were to buy dog food with is gone. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone
21、. buy sth with (1).词组的搭配词组的搭配(看从句中的动词短语看从句中的动词短语,和形容词和形容词 短语搭配短语搭配) 2Have you met him? Our teacher is talking about the tall man. Have you met the tall man (whom/who/that) our teacher is talking about? Have you met the tall man about whom our teacher is talking ? talk about sb Yesterday we had a mee
22、ting at which we discussed many problems. at the meeting Yesterday we had a meeting. we discussed many problems at the meeting. (2).(2).据句意据句意搭配搭配 Air _which we cant live is really important. without Conclusion: 根本方法：把先行词带入定语从句中，根本方法：把先行词带入定语从句中， 看是否缺介词，缺介词的话在关系代看是否缺介词，缺介词的话在关系代 词前补上介词词前补上介词 介词介词+关系
23、代词关系代词 Fill in the blanks with proper words.Fill in the blanks with proper words. 1. The teacher_ _ I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu. 2. This is the house_ _ Lu Xun once lived. 3. He will never forget the day _ _ he came to Beijing. from whom in which on which learn from live in on the day 4. The reason _
24、 _ I came here is that I want to get your help. 5. The West Lake, _ _ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. for which for which for the reason be famous for whose的先行词指物时，可用的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但代替，但 语序不同，即语序不同，即whose+名词名词 = the+名词名词+of which， 或或= of which + the + 名词。名词。 The novel whose title is
25、Red and Black is very interesting. whose title= the title of which/of which the title ? whose的先行词指人时，可用的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但代替，但 语序不同，即语序不同，即whose+名词名词 = the+名词名词+of which， 或或= of which + the + 名词。名词。 Thats the man whose house has burned down. whose house= the house of whom/of whom the house ? 另外另外：有些动词的固定短语是不可以将：有些动词的固定短语是不可以将 介词提前的介词提前的: look after, take care of , look forward to, pay attention to, look into, break into 1. Preview Page 35 (B Applying the rules); 2. Finish Page 70 part C. Homework
