1、Using language (P5) 新新外研外研版选择性必修版选择性必修 Book 1 Unit 1 Laugh out loud！ 读课文读课文，找找出出含有定语从句含有定语从句的句子；的句子； 找出每个定语从句中的关系代词找出每个定语从句中的关系代词/ /副词及副词及 对应的先行词。对应的先行词。 1. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 2. In the
2、middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. 读课文读课文，找找出出含有定语从句含有定语从句的句子；的句子； 找出每个定语从句中的关系代词找出每个定语从句中的关系代词/ /副词及副词及 对应的先行词。对应的先行词。 1. I speak with the on - duty nurse, who tells me that Laras parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycl
3、e. 2. We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient. Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where theres a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
4、b . laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. C I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened. Differences between the three sentences: lSentence (c) contains a clause with essential information; Sentence (a) and (b) contain clau
5、ses with extra information. lIf we take away the clause of sentence (c), the meaning of it is incomplete. If we take away the clauses of sentences (a) and (b), the two sentences still make sense. lSentences (a) and (b) with extra information are separated by commas. Summary 和主句之和主句之间间 不用不用逗号分开，修饰主逗号
6、分开，修饰主句中句中 的某一的某一个名词或名词词个名词或名词词组或组或 代代词词； 常用逗常用逗号号 和主和主句隔开，可以修饰主句隔开，可以修饰主句句 中的某中的某一个词，也可修一个词，也可修饰整饰整 个个句子句子。非。非限制性定语从限制性定语从句句 不不能用能用thatthat引引导，引导非导，引导非限限 制性定制性定语从语从句的句的关系词不关系词不能能 省省略。略。 语法拓展语法拓展 1.定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语 时，关系词通常省略。例： I have taken with me the two books (that/which) you asked me to return
7、to the City Library. 2.先行词是way, reason, time, place等且 它们在定语从句中分别作方式、原因、 时间和地点状语时其后定语从句的相应 关系词that/in which, why/that，when, where等可以省略。 The way (that/ in which) you look at the problem is wrong. 3.由and, but, or等并列连词连接两个或 两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词 时，第一个关系词可以省略，但第二、 三个一般不可以省略。例： The reason (why/that) he wanted
8、 to sell his house was that he needed a lot of money for his operation. 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时， 我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语 从句。关系代词只能用which或whom。先 行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时用 whom。在这个结构中，介词的确定的原 则是： 依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要 的某种习惯搭配来确定。 He is the man on whom you can rely. 依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。 Ill never forget the day on which we w
9、orked together in the countryside. 根据所表达的意思来确定。 The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which we could see what was happening inside the house. 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分” 时，通常用介词of。 Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently. 在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不不 可拆开可拆开使用，如look aft
10、er, look for等。 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. 【注意】 Complete the sentences with of whom, to whom, for which or in which. The region _ the antelopes live is very cold. The volunteer _ I spoke said conditions were difficult. Jiesang is a hero _ we should be proud. There
11、are several animals _ special laws have been introduced. in which in which to whomto whom of whomof whom for whichfor which Read the passage and rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses. Add more tips to the list if you can. Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the be
12、autiful views and a peaceful atmosphere. Spend time with your family and friends, which will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier. Close your eyes and picture the future, where youve made your dreams come true. Try to accept your mistakes, where/through which you can learn a lot
13、. Now look for more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. The best medicine(P2-3).doc Complete the joke with the sentence parts in the box using who/which and put commas in the correct position. Oneday,Sherlock Holmesand,DrWatson gocamping.Theyput uptheirtentunderthe starsandgotosl
14、eep. Suddenly,inthemiddleofthenight,Watsonis wokenupbyHolmes1_ “Watson,”Holmessays,“lookupatthestars,and tellmewhattheytellyou.”Notquitesurewhathe means,WatsonthinksHolmesisjoking2_ _atthistimeofnight.Evenso, who is lying next to him which he finds annoying Complete the joke with the sentence parts
15、in the box using who/which and put commas in the correct position. hereplies,“Isee millionsofstarsand itsquitelikelythereare someplanetslikeEarth. Andifso,thismeansthat theremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.”Watsonis pleasedwithhisanswer3_ _.ButHolmes4_ _shouts,“Watson,lookaround you!Useyoureyes!Somebo
16、dysstolenourtent!” which he thinks will who has lost his impress Holmes patience by now Think of a joke you find funny and write it down using non-defining attributive clauses where appropriate. Then share your joke with the class. Exercises Pair work: Play a game of definition. One asks the questio
17、ns below and the other answers them with relative clauses. EXAMPLE An exit is the door where/ through which you can leave a building. What is an exit? 1. Whats a library? (from/ in which; where ) A library is a place from/ in which/where you can borrow books. 2. Whats a good friend? (to whom; who) A
18、 good friend is someone to whom you can tell your problems. = A good friend is someone who you can tell your problems to. 3. Whats a vacation? (during which; when) A vacation is a time during which/when you dont work. 4. Whats a football coach? (from whom; who) A football coach is someone from whom football players receive training. = A football coach is someone who trains football players. Thank you!
