1、培优测评练培优测评练(一一) .阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A People all over the world love listening to music and most have their favourite songs which they listen to again and again.But how did it all start? When could people first choose the music they wanted to listen to? The 1900s：The player piano
2、s In the late 19th and early 20th centuries，pianos became very popular and rich families bought “player pianos”A player piano played music that was programmed on paper rolls with holes in them and you could also play it like a “normal” piano.In the mid 1920s player pianos began to disappear mainly b
3、ecause the radio got more popular. The 1910s：The first phonographs(留声机) As early as 1877，there were phonographs to play music on and by the 1910s，many families had one.The music was on “records” made of aluminum foil(铝箔)People could listen to them only a few times before the foil broke.Later the mus
4、ic was on wax cylinders(蜡筒)These could hold longer recordings (two to four minutes)，and people could play them more often. The 1920s：Gramophones and record players Gramophones were similar to the phonographs，but they used flat vinyl(乙烯基) disks and not cylinders to hold the music.The disks went round
5、，and first a steel needle，then later a small diamond， “took” the music off the record.Some of the disks could play for more than 20 minutes per side.Today some music lovers who are crazy about disks still use vinyl records. The 1960s1970s：Cassettes and the Walkman In the 1960s ， the first cassette r
6、ecorders became popular.A big step towards modern technology was the invention of the first portable(便携式的) cassette player，the “Walkman”， by the Japanese company，Sony in 1979.For the first time，people could listen to their favourite music while they were travelling，doing sports，or going for walks. 语
7、篇解读文章介绍了不同时期人们听音乐的不同设备。 1What happened to the player piano in the mid 1920s? AOnly the rich could afford it. BIt began to be used as a “normal” piano. CIt was gradually replaced by the radio. DIt was improved and played music automatically. 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第二段介绍的“In the mid 1920s player pianos began t
8、o disappear mainly because the radio got more popular.” 可知， 这一时期无线电逐渐取代了自动演奏钢琴。 2What do we know about phonographs and gramophones? AThey used different records to hold the music. BThey are still popular among music lovers now. CGramophones were easier to carry than phonographs. DPhonographs held lo
9、nger recordings than gramophones. 答案A 解析细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段可知，phonographs 和 gramophones 都是留声机，但 前者是通过蜡筒唱片播放音乐，而后者则是用圆盘唱片播放音乐。 3The text is mainly about. Athe history of music Bthe popularity of music Cthe different types of music Dthe development of listening to music 答案D 解析主旨大意题。文章按时间顺序介绍了二十世纪几种音乐播放设备自
10、动演奏钢琴、 留声机和随身听。故本文是关于人类听音乐的发展历程。 B It was 715 am and Gary Messina， now 48， was on his morning run along New York Citys East River.Suddenly something caught his eyea large 60-year-old man slipped and fell into the river.When Messina arrived，the old man was struggling in the water，clearly unable to sw
11、im.He shouted for help. Other passers-by also heard the old mans pleas.David Blauzvern， now 25， and John Green， now 31， jumped in， and then Messina joined them in the river.Just as the drowning man was losing strength，Blauzvern caught hold of him.The pair were about 30 yards from the seawall(防波堤) wh
12、en Messina and Green caught up to them.They stabilized(使稳固) the man，with Blauzvern supporting his back and Messina and Green holding him up from either side.As the men made their way toward the seawall， Blauzvern had a terrible realization： with no ladder or dock(码头) in sight， there was no way out o
13、f the river. By now，a crowd had gathered on land.“A rescue(救援) boat is on its way，” someone shouted at them.The drowning man was six foot tall and around 260 pounds heavy，which meant that his rescuers could only use their legs to control themselves.After ten minutes，they managed to get to the rivers
14、 edge，where fighting the current(水流) and holding the man above the water quickly became very tiring and thus they gave in to drifting(漂移) while staying as close to the wall as they could. Ten minutes later，the two-man rescue boat appeared.But because it couldnt risk getting too close to the seawall，
15、 the men had to swim out to it.When they approached the boat， they pushed the drowning man while the men in the boat pulled him up and，finally，to safety.Messina and Green then got themselves aboard，and within ten minutes，the group was back on land. 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。在纽约的一个早晨，一位 60 岁的老人失足落水，三位陌生人 下水救起了他。
16、4What was Gary Messina doing when he noticed the old man fall into the river? AHe was exercising as usual. BHe was wandering in the street. CHe was guarding on the scene. DHe was going to work. 答案A 解析细节理解题。 根据第一段第一句“It was 715 am and Gary Messina， now 48， was on his morning run along New York Citys
17、East River.”可知 Gary Messina 当时正在晨练。 5What does the underlined word “pleas” in Paragraph 2 mean? ANoises.BPromises. CRequests.DSituations. 答案C 解析词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“He shouted for help.”可知，此处指人们听到了他 求助的恳求，故选 C 项。 6What added to the rescuers difficulty in saving the old man? AThe old mans weight. BThe col
18、d water in the river. CTheir poor skills in swimming. DTheir distance from the seawall. 答案A 解析推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“The drowning man was six foot tall and around 260 pounds heavy，which meant that his rescuers could only use their legs to control themselves.”可 知，是溺水者的体重增加了救助的难度。 7What did the rescuers fail
19、to do before the rescue boat arrived? AKeep close to the seawall. BHold the old man over the water. CGet to the rivers edge. DKeep steady in the water. 答案D 解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，营救溺水者的那三人既要应付水流，又要扶 着溺水者，很快便体力透支了，到最后只能随波逐流了，尽量漂在防洪堤附近。 C Life can sometimes seem like an endless series of exhibitions.For
20、those of us involved in the art world，there are times when were constantly visiting gallery after gallery，taking in as much as possible and getting to know the works of artists from far and wide.But there are some artists whose works consistently stand out.Some artists works stay in the thought and
21、heart of an audience long after the show is over.Ive noticed over the years that these are often the artists who have understood fully the skill of telling the story behind their art.These artists arent just selling paintingstheyre selling an experience. Roxanna Kibsey is one of these artists.Her pa
22、intings are often exact descriptions of frozen tundra(冻原) or autumn treesso bright that they could nearly burn a hole in the canvas.When I met her at an exhibition，she couldnt wait to tell me about the place in her paintings.“Where I grew up we had nine months of winter every year.Its really quite a
23、 tough place，” she said.She relived a part of her childhood when we chatted in front of her painting.The image brought to my mind memories of driving through the snow-covered countryside during my own first winter in Canada.I could almost hear the crunching ice under my feet as she described to me t
24、he countryside she grew up in. Businessmen may have their elevator pitch， but artists， too， need their 30-second story which rolls freely off the tongue.Thats why its so important that for each piece you might be exhibiting， you can conjure up(唤起) a story behind it， and tell that story to your audie
25、nce in a way that helps them connect with your work，and makes them want to buy a piece. 语篇解读作者通过自己跟一位画家的接触以及对她作品的描述，告诉了我们什么样的画家 才会打动我们，感染我们。 8What kind of artists does the author like? AThose who have great skills. BThose who have held many exhibitions. CThose who paint scenes of their own hometowns
26、. DThose who tell their experiences through their paintings. 答案D 解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“These artists arent just selling paintingstheyre selling an experience.”可知，作者认为能够打动观众、给观众以深刻印象的是那些能够通过 自己的画作描述自己的经历的画家。 9Through Roxanna Kibseys painting，the author. Ahad a beautiful imagination Bthought of a serious q
27、uestion Cbrought back his own memory Dthought of his own hometown 答案C 解析细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知，作者看着 Roxanna Kibsey 的画作，听着她的讲 述，不禁联想到自己第一次在加拿大过冬时的情景。 10We can learn from Paragraph 2 that. AKibseys work reflects her own life BKibsey had an unhappy childhood CKibsey doesnt like her hometown DKibseys hometown
28、 is beautiful in winter 答案A 解析推理判断题。由第二段可知，Roxanna Kibsey 的画作描述了在她的家乡冬天一片肃杀 的景象，反映了她的童年生活。 11What does the underlined part “elevator pitch” probably refer to? AAsales introduction.BAwise choice. CAsmall mistake.DA modern tool. 答案A 解析词义猜测题。分析最后一段，商人的“elevator pitch”就等同于画家的“30-second story”，是一种“产品推介”，
29、用来吸引买家。 D The attitude of the wolf can be summed up simply：It is a constant dream of success.The collective wisdom of wolves has been progressively programmed into their genetic make-up throughout the centuries.Wolves have mastered the technique of focusing their energies on the activities that will
30、 lead to the achievement of their goals. Wolves do not aimlessly run around their intended victims.They have a strategic(战略上的) plan and perform it through constant communication.When the moment of truth arrives，each understands his role and understands exactly what the pack(狼群) expects of him. The w
31、olf does not depend on luck.The teamwork and training of the pack determines whether the pack lives or dies. There is a silly idea in some organizations that everyone， to be a valuable member， must want to be the leader.This is personified by the CEO who says he only hires people who say they want t
32、o take his job.Clearly，this is supposed to make sure that the person has ambition，courage，honesty and drive.In reality ，it sends warnings of competition throughout the organization rather than signals of cooperation，teamwork and loyalty. Everyone does not struggle to be the leader in the wolf pack.S
33、ome are best hunters or caregivers or jokesters，but each seems to gravitate(被吸引) to the role he does best.This is not to say there are not challenges to authority，position or statusthere are.But each wolfs role begins coming from playtime as a pup and refines himself through the rest of his years.Th
34、e wolfs attitude is always based upon the question，“What is best for the pack？” This is in contrary to us humans， who will often damage our organizations， families or businesses， if we do not get what we want. Because of training，preparation，planning，communication and a preference for action，the wol
35、fs expectation is always to be victorious.While in actuality this is true only 10 percent of the time or less，the wolfs attitude is always that success will comeand it does. 语篇解读本文是议论文。文章通过狼在一个集体中的作用，阐述了人们在平时的工作和团 体中应该与他人合作，在集体中发挥自己最大的作用。 12What does the underlined phrase “the moment of truth” refer
36、 to? AThe time when wolves have a rest. BThe time when wolves compete with each other. CThe time when wolves catch their intended victims. DThe time when wolves share their food. 答案C 解析词义猜测题。由第二段可推断，狼群在捕捉猎物时分工明确，故该短语指狼群捕捉猎 物的时刻。 13According to the author，a wolf. Aknows how to work together with othe
37、rs Bcompetes with other members fiercely Cis ready to act all by himself Dleaves his group if failing to get what he wants 答案A 解析推理判断题。由第二段和第三段可知，狼知道分工明确并相互合作，这是它们生存的 基础，故 A 正确。 14What should everyone in a group do in the authors opinion? AHave a desire to be the leader. BFind where he plays a role
38、best. CAvoid challenging authority. DThink of what is best for himself. 答案B 解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段第五句可知，作者认为人们在一个团体中应该像狼一样懂 得怎样做才能为这个团体发挥最大的作用。 15What might be the best title for the text? ATypes of WolvesBCruelty of Wolves CWisdom of WolvesDChoice of Wolves 答案C 解析标题归纳题。本文介绍了狼这个群体的智慧，讨论了人们在一个团体中应该像狼一样 懂得合作，
39、懂得为集体发挥作用而尽自己最合适的力量等，所以 C 项“狼的智慧”为本文的 主题。 .七选五 阅读下面短文，从后面的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 How to Store Strawberries Youve got some beautiful strawberries and brought them home with great care.Youve washed a few and eaten them immediately，but what to do with the rest？1These simple tips for storing st
40、rawberries guarantee the least waste： First things first，dont wash the strawberries until youre ready to eat them.Strawberries are ready to absorb water.2 If you plan on eating or cooking with the berries within a day and its not too terribly hot in your kitchen，you can leave the strawberries out at
41、 room temperature.Put them in a pretty bowl within easy eyesight so people remember to eat them. 3Take a shallow bowl or plate with a clean kitchen towel.Place the unwashed strawberries in more or less a single layer and refrigerate them.Stored this way ， very fresh strawberries will keep for severa
42、l days.The closer you can create this dry and unpressed situation， the better.4 If youre not planning on using the strawberries within a few days，youd better freeze them rather than keep them all fresh.Frozen strawberries are perfect for baking up in cakes，and other treats.5They say frozen strawberr
43、ies hold their shape better.Besides，whenever you have strawberries about to be not at their best，you can also place them in the freezer.By the end of strawberry season，youll likely have enough of them to make jam. AThere are different answers to this question. BThey say frozen ones are to be more ea
44、sily stored. CActually，many bakers prefer frozen berries to fresh ones. DAgain，dont wash them until youre going to use them! EAnd once theyve met with water，they are quick to rot away. FFor overnight storage，however，youd better refrigerate them. GStrawberries can go bad easily，especially when not st
45、ored correctly. 语篇解读这是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了草莓的贮藏方法。 1答案G 解析根据空前的问题和空后的内容可知，G 项介绍草莓易烂的属性，起到过渡作用。 2答案E 解析根据本段第一句“First things first，dont wash the strawberries until youre ready to eat them.”可知，如果不吃草莓，就不要清洗，一旦洗了就容易腐烂。分析选项可知 E 项符 合题意。 3答案F 解析由空后的内容可知，想让草莓多保存几天，就必须放入冰箱冷藏。分析选项可知 F 项 (然而，如要过夜储藏，你最好冷藏它们)符合题意，故选 F
46、项。 4答案D 解析根据上一句“The closer you can create this dry and unpressed situation，the better.”可 知，存放草莓要保持干燥，故不能洗。分析选项可知 D 项符合题意，故选 D 项。 5答案C 解析根据上一句“Frozen strawberries are perfect for baking up in cakes， and other treats.(冷冻 草莓非常适合烘烤蛋糕和其他食物)”及下一句“They say frozen strawberries hold their shape better.(他们说冷冻
47、草莓的形状更好)”可知，C 项(事实上，与新鲜草莓相比，许多面包师更喜 欢冷冻草莓)符合题意。 .完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mans Best Friend I have experienced anxiety and depression for some reasons at the age of 14.1on finding the solution to2my anxiety and depression, I3anything I read about in books，and any4given by docto
48、rs.5this，I still felt I hadnt even come close to solving the problem. But one afternoon，my eyes6an article that talked about how dogs were capable of lending a hand to people with anxiety and depression.The very next day，I7to get a doga corgi(柯吉犬) When I8my little corgi， Buddy， home， I didnt realize
49、 how much he would renew my life9one morning I woke up with those familiar feelings again.I pulled the covers back over my head，10to get out of bed.Thats when I saw Buddy. Buddy started jumping all over me11my face as if he were12，“Theres no time to be sad.The world is amazing！ It is time to go outs
50、ide.”And for the first time in my life on a day though my anxiety was still13I got out of bed and went for a walk with my new friend.At that moment，I realized this was my fresh beginning. Since that day Ive never spent another morning unable to get out of bed or spent my days 14with fear and regret.
