1、 Review: passive voice Using language Passive Voice 英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。 决定动词用主动语态还是被动语态主要看动词和主语的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者,也就是说它们是主动关系,此时动词用主动语 态;如果主语是动作的承受者,也就是说它们是被动关系,此时动词则用被 动语态。 1被动语态由“助动词be+done”构成,其中be有时态、人称和数的变化。 English is taught in most schools. The children are not allowed to play on the grass. 1 1.被
2、动语态的构成 被动语态构成例句 1 一般 现在时 am/is/are+ done We are given a lot of homework to do. 2 一般 过去时 was/were+ done They were given a warm welcome. 3 现在 进行时 am/is/are + being+ done The bridge is being repaired at present. 4 过去 进行时 was/were + being+ done They told me that the case was being investigated. 5 现在 完成时
3、 have/has been +done The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 被动语态构成例句 6 过去 完成时 had been+ done He asked if Mary had been sent to hospital. 7 一般 将来时 will/shall be+ done Check carefully , so any mistakes will be caught. 8 过去 将来时 would/should be+ done He knew he would be punishe
4、d for it. 2.被动语态的用法 (1)当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行 者时。 Every classroom in this school is being equipped with a new TV set. Give blood if you can and many lives will be saved. (2)为了强调动作的承受者时。 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. (3)出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者时。 You are said to be active rece
5、ntly. It is reported that they will come to our city for a visit. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。如: You might be asked to speak at the meeting. Whenever (they are) known , such facts should be reported. All the above items can be obtained from our office. Something must be done to stop t
6、hese accidents. These books may be appreciated better by older children. 4.短语动词的被动语态 “动词+介词或副词”构成的短语动词,以及“动词+ 名词+介词”构成的短语动词,在被动语态中不要 漏掉后面的介词或副词。如: A man who is much talked about is always very attractive. Many interesting experiments are carried out in our laboratory. 5.关于“get+过去分词” 在英语口语中,有时可用“get+
7、过去分词”构成被动语态。如: I got dressed as quickly as I could.我尽快穿上衣服。 I wasnt surprised she got elected after all the efforts she had made. We got delayed because of the holiday traffic. I tried to find my way round London without a map and got lost. 注:“get+过去分词”这种结构比较常见的搭配有 get arrested、get caught、get confus
8、ed、get delayed、get divorced、get dressed、get drowned、get drunk、get elected、 get engaged、get hit、get killed、get lost、get married、get stuck等。 6.主动形式表示被动意义 (1)有些系动词,如:taste、sound、prove、feel、look、smell、remain、 appear等本身含有被动意义。 They often eat in that restaurant because the food there tastes delicious. Wha
9、t he said at the meeting proved true. (2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词,如:read、write、sell、open、shut、 begin、wash、wear、cut、lock、play、drive等。这类动词后面常接 一个修饰语。 The coat dries easily. Books of this kind sell well. 将下列句子变为被动语态 1.After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading , only to be told that the workers
10、were decorating it. After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading , only to be told that it . 答案:was being decorated 2.A lot of people often forget that the experts design oral exams to test our communicative ability. A lot of people often forget that oral exams to test our communicati
11、ve ability. 答案:are designed 3.In the near future , scientists will make more advances in the robot technology. In the near future , more advances in the robot technology by scientists. 答案:will be made 4.Youve failed to do what the teacher expected you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. You
12、ve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. 答案:were expected 5.In the spoken English of some areas in the US , people often drop the “r” sound at the end of the words. In the spoken English of some areas in the US , the “r” sounds at the end of the wordsoften. 答案:are ; drop
13、ped 完成句子 1.Dont worry . The hard work that you do now (得到回 报) later in life. 答案:will be repaid 2.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house(正在重建). 答案:is being rebuilt 3.Im calling about the apartment which(登广告的) the other day . Could you tell me more about it? 答案:was a
14、dvertised 4.Shakespeares play Hamlet (被制作成) into at least ten different films over the past years. 答案:has been made 5.We are confident that the environment (将 会得到改善) by our further efforts to reduce pollution. 答案:will be improved Rewrite the paragraph using the passive voice where appropriate. Since
15、 ancient times, storytelling has been a way to share and pass on wisdom. One important early work that did so was Aesops Fables, a collection of stories that history credits to Aesop, a Greek storyteller. People believe that he lived in Ancient Greece between 620 BC and 564 BC. Most of the character
16、s in his stories are animals, the qualities of which Aesop used to reflect human traits and wisdom. Each fable teaches a life lesson that Aesop summarises in a short phrase at the end of the story, called a moral. Today, children and adults all around the world still enjoy Aesops Fables. Since ancie
17、nt times, storytelling has been a way to share and pass down wisdom through generations. One important early work that did just this was Aesops Fables, . Most of the characters in his stories are animals, , called a moral Today, One day a little mouse was caught by a lion. Look at the pictures and w
18、rite the story from Aesops Fables. Use the passive voice where appropriate. One day a little mouse was caught by a lion. The lion wanted to eat the mouse, but the mouse said that he would help the lion someday, if he was let go. The lion thought, “How can a great animal be helped by a little animal?
19、” But the mouse was allowed to leave. Several days later, the lion was caught by the hunters net. The mouse bit the net with his strong teeth and helped the lion out. Thanks to the little mouse, the lion was saved and finally admitted that the strong could sometimes be helped by the weak. Proverbs a
20、bout life 1 A: Professor Brown, heres my term paper. Sorry for the delay. B: Thats OK. _, right？ 2 A: Maths is really killing me! Im thinking of giving it up. B: _. Youll never get your dream job as a market analyst if you dont stick to it. 3 A: If you want to loose weight, you need to stop eating j
21、unk food, and you need to start exercising. B: OK. Ill start tomorrow maybe. A: Today. Not tomorrow. _. Listen and complete the conversations. Better late than never. No pain, no gain. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today. 4 A: Im glad you finally got here. B: My car had a flat tyre on
22、 the way. Anyway, _. 5 A: With my brothers help, I finally completed my biology project! B: Congratulations. _. 6 A: I heard that Mary is going to invest all her money in this programme. B: Thats not wise. As people usually say “ _”. Ill talk to her as soon as possible. Alls well that ends well. Two
23、 heads are better than one Dont put all of your eggs in one basket Match the proverbs in Activity 5 to their meaning. 1 _: you must face challenges in order to be successful . 2 _: it is easier to achieve something if you cooperate with someone else. 3 _: doing something late is better than not doin
24、g it at all. 4 _: you should start things earlier rather than later. 5 _: do not put all your efforts or resources into doing one thing. 6 _: problems dont matter if the final result is good. No pain, no gain. Two heads are better than one. Better late than ever. Never put off until tomorrow what yo
25、u can do today. Dont put all of your eggs in one basket. Alls well that ends well. Work in pairs. Think of other situations to which these proverbs can be applied. Listen to the interview and choose the best headline. 1 University Fees Are No Barrier to Grandma! 2 Dream Comes True for Graduating Gra
26、ndma 3 Janet Says “Family First! Thats what matters!” 4 How the Students Experience Has Changed with the Centuries Listen again and complete the notes. Interview with Janet RoseInterview with Janet Rose Age: Age: _. . First attended university in: First attended university in: _ Reason for leaving u
27、niversity: Reason for leaving university: _. . Reason for going back to university: Reason for going back to university: _ _. . 81 1955 To take care of her ill mother. Her daughter suggested she go back to school five years ago and she jumped at the chance Initial feelings on returning to university
28、:Initial feelings on returning to university: _ _ University majorUniversity major: _ Feelings on graduation: Feelings on graduation: _ Advice to others: Advice to others: _ Future plans: Future plans: _ She felt a bit nervous at first and she felt so old. American literature. She feels great. Youre
29、 never too old to learn. Starting a masters degree in the fall. Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview. I started back in After that I But then five years ago, I felt at first. I suggest that Remember Talking about experiences I started back in After that I But then five years ago I felt at first. Talking about experiences Giving advice Giving advice I suggest that Remember,
