1、1 单元综合检测(四) (时间：100 分钟；满分：120 分) 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Each applicant to Harvard College is considered with great care.We consider each applicant to Harvard College as a whole person, and put enormous care into evaluating every appl
2、ication.We hope you will explore the information in this section to understand what we look for in our admissions process. How toApply Submit your application through the Common Application,the Coalition Application, or the Universal College Application.Each is treated equally by the Admissions Comm
3、ittee.Complete and submit your materials as soon as possible to ensure full and timely consideration of yourapplication.View our Application Tips for stepbystep information. When toApply DateDeadlineDateDeadline November 1 EarlyAction Deadline March 1 Financial Aid Application deadline November 1 Ea
4、rly FinancialAid Application deadline Late March Decision letters mailed MidDecember Early Auction decisions released May 1 Reply date for Admitted Students January 1 Regular Decision deadline What We Look For We seek promising students who will contribute to the Harvard community 2 during their col
5、lege years, and to society throughout their lives. While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement, the Admission Committee considers many other factorsstrong personal qualities, special talents or excellences of all kinds, perspectives formed by unusual personal circumstances, and the abilit
6、y to take advantage of available resources and opportunities. We outlineeverythingyouneedtoapplyto Harvard. 语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请进入哈佛大学的流 程，包括如何申请、何时申请以及哈佛大学关注何种类型的考生。 1Where can you find stepbystep information of how to apply? AThe Common Application. BThe Coalition Application. CThe Universal Col
7、lege Application. DApplication Tips. D细节理解题。根据 How to Apply 部分中的最后一句“View our Application Tips for stepbystep information”可知，如果要知道申请步骤，可以 阅读申请建议，故选 D 项。 2Which is the final day for Financial AidApplication? ANovember 1.BJanuary 1. CMarch 1.DMay 1. C细节理解题。根据 When to Apply 部分的“March 1：Financial Aid Ap
8、plication deadline”可知，助学金申请的最后期限是 3 月 1 日，故选 C 项。 3What is the basic requirement to apply for Harvard University? AAcademic accomplishment. BStrong personal qualities. CSpecial talents. DUnique perspectives. A细节理解题。 根据 What We Look For 部分中第二段中的“While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement”
9、可知，进入哈佛大学就读的最基本条件是 学术成就满足要求，故选 A 项。 B 3 When I was five or six years old, I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world.I would say to myself， “When I grow up， when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.” At 17，I started my career here in America，a
10、nd by the age of 18, I started my first charity organization.I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from sixyearold Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病), whose story inspired thousand
11、s to volunteer as donors, to my grandmother, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012 ，which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF).Were all human.And we all just want a chance：a chance at life，a chance in education, a chance at a future, really.And at CLF, o
12、ur mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one People make it seem too hard to do charity work.The truth is, you dont have to be rich to help others.You dont need to be famous.You dont even have to be collegeeducated.But it starts with your neighbor, the person right
13、next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood.You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can.And today, I want to challenge each of you to makeacommitmenttohelponeperson,one organization，one situation that touches your heart.My grandm
14、other always used to say, “If youve got a dollar，theres plenty to share.” 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。慈善无关贫富，无关名誉，无关教育背景； 从帮助身边的人做起，成就自己的事业。 4What did the author want to do at a young age? AWatch TV.BGrow up quickly. CBecome wealthy.DHelp other children. D细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句“I would say to myself， When I grow up，when
15、 I can get rich，I will save kids all over the world. ”并结合第一段 内容可知，小时候在电视中看到受苦的孩子，作者想要在长大后帮助他们，故选 D 项。 5What directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF? AAsixyearold kids request. 4 BHer grandmothers death of cancer. CMany volunteers inspiration. DOther organizations encouragement. B推理判
16、断题。根据第二段第二句中“.to my grandmother，who lost her battle with cancer in 2012，which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF)”可知，在 2012 年，祖母因病去世，这促使作者成 立了克拉拉莱昂内尔基金会(CLF)。 6What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to? AAchance.BAtask. CAlife.DAn organi
17、zation. C代词指代题。根据第二段的最后一句“And at CLF，our mission is to impact as many lives as possible，but it starts with just one”可知，在克拉拉莱昂 内尔基金会中作者的任务是尽可能影响更多的生命， 但这个任务从影响一个人的 生命开始。根据该句中的“as many lives as possible”，结合“but it starts with just one”可知，画线词 one 指代“a life”。 7What does the author suggest people do in t
18、he last paragraph? ADo little things to help those around them. BWork hard to get a college education. CChallenge their friends to offer help. DDo charity work whatever you are. A推理判断题。根据第三段中的第五句“But it starts with your neighbor， the person right next to you，the person sitting next to you in class，t
19、he kid down the block in your neighborhood”可知，作者建议慈善从帮助身边的人做起。 C In the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing their tools, windblown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another.The long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinderbox. “Lets go! We can make it back
20、to the river we crossed today！” Steve kept Brady on the lead and their heads down against the firewind.But Brady barked a sharp warning.Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track.They 5 would never make it through that.The dog was pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from th
21、e smoke, and yet Steve was uneasy.It seemed to him that they were moving away from the river. Suddenly, Zach cried.“Zach ！” Steve shouted.“Are you OK? Where are you？” Then Brady pulled Steve down a sharp slope(坡).At its base，Zach was rubbing his ankle. As Steve helped his friend to his feet, Brady l
22、ifted his head and snuffed (嗅)the smokeladen wind.Next moment, the dog bounded away and disappeared.The boys shouted for him, but he didnt come back.Steve couldnt blame Brady for panicking.He himself wanted to run even though he didnt have a clue which way. Steve and Zach hadnt gone far when there w
23、as a familiarbark, andBrady camebounding, stopped directly in front of Steve and hit him with his head， pushing him back toward the slope theyd just climbed.But Steve didnt get it.Then Brady grabbed the boys jeans and started pulling.The message was clear, but Steve hesitated.Of course he remembered
24、 Brady saving his uncles life when the dog was much younger.Was he still sharp enough to get them through this? Nearby, a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke.Brady pulled again, urgently. “OK, big guy， ” Steve gritted(咬紧牙关).Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees.Not far from them fire w
25、as touching underbrush.Several times the big dog stopped.Often he changed directions.Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest, but Brady wouldnt have it.The dog bullied both boys to go on.How long theyd walked Steve had no idea.He was almost numb when he heard itthe wonderful sound of rushing
26、water! 语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。 记叙了 Steve 和 Zach 在森林里遇到大火的冒 险故事。 8What happened to Steve and Zach at first? AThey got injured. BThey lost their dog. CThey were trapped. DThey became separated. D细节理解题。第三段的“Steve shouted.Are you OK？Where are you？”可知，一开始 Steve 和 Zach 走散了，故选 D 项。 6 9Why did Brady want to run away?
27、ATo seek help.BTo find a way out. CTo rescue Zach.DTo escape for life. B推理判断题。根据第四段和最后一段可知狗消失后又回来，强行让他们 跟着它走，最后他们听到了水流声，摆脱了森林火灾的危险，故狗离开是为了寻 找出路，选 B 项。 10How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans? AUneasy.BImpatient. CNumb.DUncertain. D细节理解题。 根据第五段的“The message was clear， but Steve hesitated.”
28、可知，Steve 犹豫了，故选 D 项。 11What does the passage basically describe? AAn adventure.BAn exploration. CAn escape game.DAtraining program. A主旨大意题。文章主要记叙了 Steve 和 Zach 在森林里遇到大火的冒险 故事，故选 A 项。 D Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material.But a team of scientists at Harvard Un
29、iversity in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robotone that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼). Described in science journal Nature，the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch, rescue and exploration.“The Octobot is a minimal system whi
30、ch may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completelysoft, autonomousrobots， ”thestudys authors wrote. Robots built for precise，repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terrains (地形)or in unpredictable conditions.And they arent especially safe around humans
31、, because theyre made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users. So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades.Theyre taken inspiration from nature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishto 7 cockroaches，which are often made up of more flexible matte
32、r. But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge.Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮)body，its still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts，such as a source of power. “Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several app
33、lications, such as searchrescue operations and exploration， ”Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology Center for Micro BioRobotics, wrote in a comment.“Soft robotsmightalsoopenupnew approaches to improving wellness and quality of life.” 语篇解读本文是一篇科普类说明文，文章主要介绍了章鱼机器
34、人的优点 和投入应用的可能性。 12Whats the special feature of “Octobot”？ AIts soft. BIts made of metal. CIts very small. DIt looks like an octopus. A细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“.robots have been hard， made of metal” 以及段尾“.has managed to build an entirely soft robotone that draws inspiration from an octopus(章鱼)”的对比发现可知，Octobot
35、机器人特点是它很柔软。 13Whats the disadvantage of traditional robots? ATheyre hard to control. BTheyre too heavy to move. CThey cant predict conditions. DThey cant behave well all the time. D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Robots built for precise，repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terra
36、ins(地形)or in unpredictable conditions.”以及本段内容可知，传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上 很好地运行，此外，由于沉重的金属部件，传统机器人可能会对人体产生伤害， 据此可推断出，传统机器人的缺点是他们不能一直表现得很好。 14One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobots_ 8 Asilicone body Bcomplex components Cprecise movements Dflexible power source D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Even if engineers buil
37、d a silicone(硅 酮)body，its still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts， such as a source of power.”可知，即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身 体，但是制作柔韧性强的关键部件仍然面临巨大的挑战，比如动力来源。据此可 知，最大的挑战之一是柔韧性强的动力来源。 15Whats the possible application of “Octobot”？ AMedical research.BLife rescue. CMachine ope
38、ration.DHouse cleaning. B细节理解题。从文章最后一段“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage， it holds great promise for several applications， such as searchrescue operations and exploration， ”可知，尽管对软体机器人的开发和研究还处于早期阶段，但它 适用于诸如搜索救援和探索等任务，故选 B 项。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最
39、佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。 How to Start a Conversation with Someone You Dont Know Introduce Yourself Its not necessary to be clever when you introduce yourself.Simply focus on being genuine and sincere.When you approach the other person to start the conversation，give him a warm smile and clearly state your n
40、ame._16_Remember to speak at a regular pace，taking care not to speak too quickly or slowly, so that the other person will have no difficulty understanding you. Begin the Conversation _17_A comment about the weather or a current event may be most appropriate.Avoid beginning the conversation with anyt
41、hing too personal, as this may make the other person feel uncomfortable to continue theconversation.Afteryou 9 makeyouropening comments, give the person enough time to respond.Show a sincere interest in the thoughts she expresses about the subject. Continue the Conversation If you are building a rap
42、port (关系), feel free to move on to a bit more personal topics to continue the conversation._18_Openended questionsthose that cant be answered by a simple “yes” or “no”help to keep a conversation going. _19_ When you have run out of things to say or need to move on to do something else, prepare your
43、exit strategy.You may say that you need to use the bathroom or catch up with someone else.Let the other person know how much you enjoyed talking to her._20_ AEnd the Conversation. BBring up a general topic to begin the conversation. CThis will help keep the conversation flowing freely. DIf appropria
44、te, make plans to talk again at a later date. EYour conversational partner will feel valued and appreciated. FExplain who you are and why you want to have the conversation. GYou may want to ask about his favorite hobby, his career，his classes or upcoming events. 语篇解读本文主要介绍了和陌生人交谈的技巧。如：介绍自己；开始交 谈；继续交
45、谈和结束交谈等。 16F本部分的小标题为“介绍自己”。根据前面的“说清楚你的名字” 可知，F 项“解释你是谁，为什么想交谈”符合语境。 17 B本部分的小标题是“开始交谈”。 和陌生人交谈需要有合适的话题， B 项“提出一个一般话题来开始交谈”与上文语意相符。 18G根据上文的“私人的话题”可知，G 项中的“爱好、职业、课程和 即将到来的事件”可承接上文。 19 A根据前面的“开始交谈； 继续交谈”可知， 此处应为“结束谈话”， 所以选 A 项。 20D本部分主要介绍如何结束交谈。D 项“如果合适的话，计划稍后再 谈”符合语意。 10 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 1
46、5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little cottage with a pear tree at her door.She spent all her time taking care of the tree.But the children nearby drove her_21_ by making fun of her.They would climb her tree and then r
47、un away with pears, shouting “Aunty Misery” at her. One evening, a passerby asked to_22_for the night.Seeing that he had an_23_face, she let him in and gave him a nice treat.The next morning the stranger, actually a sorcerer(巫师)，thanked her by granting (允准)her_24_that anyone who climbed up her tree_
48、25_not be able to come back down until she permitted it. When the children came back to steal her_26_， she had them stuck on the tree.Theyhadtobegherlongbeforeshegavethetreepermissionto let_27_go.Aunty Misery was free from the_28_at last. One day another man_29_her door.This one did not look trustwo
49、rthy to her， _30_she asked who he was.“I am Death.Ive come to take you_31_me， ” said he. Thinking fast Aunty Misery said, “Fine, but Id like to_32_some pears from my pear tree to remember the_33_it brought to me in this life.But I am too_34_to climb high to get the best fruit.Will you be so kind as
50、to do it for me？” With a deep sigh，Mr Death climbed up the tree_35_and was immediately stuck to it.No matter how much he warned or begged, Aunty Misery would not allow the tree to let Death go. 语篇解读这篇文章主要讲了死神要带 Aunty Misery 走，但是聪明的 Aunty Misery 成功地把死神困在了树上的故事。 21A.hopelessBpainful CdullDcrazy D根据下文“
