1、 5原则： 1.语法一致 2.意义一致 3.就近原则 4.就远原则 5.单数原则 语法一致 主语=名词，单数是原型，复数+s/es 谓语=动词，复数是原型，单数+s/es 主谓一致，就是名单动单，名复动复 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家 The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 A singer and dancer_ (be)performing on the stage. A singer and a dancer _ (be) performing on the s
2、tage. The League secretary and monitor _ (be) asked to make a speech at the meeting. answers: is; are; is Listening to English is good for us. When and where this took place is still unknown. Listening to loud music at rock concerts_caused hearing loss in some teenagers. Professor James will give us
3、 a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _(not,decide) yet. has hasnt been decided What you need is an dictionary. What you need are these dictionaries. 三、不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主 语，谓语动词用单数形式; Someth
4、ing _ ( have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ ( break) the rule will be punished. answers: has; breaks 四.倒装句中的语法一致 Two pictures _(be) on the wall, which attract many people. On the wall _(be) two pictures, which attract many people. Their teacher _(stand) among the students, who is in her th
5、irties. Among the students _ (stand)their teacher, who is in her thirties. answers: are; are; stands; stands 五、 “ + of+n”结构 (1).当of前面是名词时，谓语动词与该名词一 致 Apples of this kind _ (sell) well. This kind of apples _(sell) well. A large quantity of water_(be)wasted every year. Large quantities of water_(be)wa
6、sted every year. answers: sell; sells; is; are 五、 “ + of+n”结构 (2).(2). 分数分数 + of ; + of ; 百分数百分数 + of+ of some of ; part of ; half of ; + some of ; part of ; half of ; + 名词名词 most of ; the rest of ; . most of ; the rest of ; . 作主语时，作主语时，谓语动词取决于后面名词的数谓语动词取决于后面名词的数 Ten percent of the pupils _ (be)abse
7、nt today. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ (be)sea. 六、定语从句中的主谓一致六、定语从句中的主谓一致 I, who_(be) your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you. The foctory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which_saved for other purpose. am were As is known, I am handsome. It is third tim
8、e she has won the race,which has surprised us all. The university estimates that living expenses for international students_around 8452 a year, which_a burden for some of them. are is 六、定语从句中的主谓一致六、定语从句中的主谓一致 （3 3） one of+one of+名复名复+ +定语从句，从句的谓语定语从句，从句的谓语 用复数形式用复数形式 the only/exact one of +the only/
9、exact one of +名复名复+ +定语从句，定语从句， 从句的谓语用单数形式从句的谓语用单数形式 Tom is one of the students who are good at playing football. Tom is the only one of the students who is good at playing football. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_evening dress.wears 本讲小结 语法一致原则 三、不定代词somebody, so
10、meone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式; 四、倒装句中的语法一致 五、 “ + of+n”结构 六、六、定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致 Exercises 1. Reading English papers and magazines 1. Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)_helpf
11、ul to our study of English. (is/ are) 2. Whether he comes or not _ of no matter. 2. Whether he comes or not _ of no matter. (is /are)(is /are) 3. To say _ one thing; to do _another. 3. To say _ one thing; to do _another. (is/are)(is/are) 4. Listening, speaking, reading and writing 4. Listening, spea
12、king, reading and writing _four skills for English study. (is/are)_four skills for English study. (is/are) 5. Where to find the plant and what to do with 5. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle. (is/are) it _still the problems to settle. (is/are) answers：1.is
13、2.is 3.is；is 4.are 5.are 意义一致 一、由集体名词一、由集体名词, ,如如group, family, class, group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crewaudience, club, party, crew等作主语时等作主语时, ,如如 果看成一个整体，谓语动词用果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数单数形式形式, ,如果如果 看成其中各成员，则用看成其中各
14、成员，则用复数复数形式形式. . His family His family is is very large.very large.他家是一个大他家是一个大 家庭。家庭。 His family His family areare music lovers. music lovers.他的家人都他的家人都 是音乐爱好者。是音乐爱好者。 1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch? 3.The class (is, are) more
15、 than forty in number. 4.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. answers：1.is 2.do 3.is 4.have 二、一些总是以复数出现, 成双成对的事物如 trousers, shoes, glasses, gloves 等， 如果单独出现, 谓语用复数, 如果前面有 a / this / that pair of 修饰,谓语用单数. The trousers _(be) mine. This pair of
16、 trousers _ (be)mine. answers: 1. are 2.is 三、以-s 结尾的名词如news, maths, physics, the United States ,等作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式; 1.Every means _ been tried since then. 2. No news _ (be)good news. 3. Maths / physics _ (be)the subject that I like most. answers：1. has 2.is 3.is 四、某些名词如people, police, cattle等, 形式上是单数,
17、但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应 用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。 The police (be)searching for a thief. The cattle (be)eating grass on the hill. There are 56 peoples in our China. answers:1. are 2.are 五、有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语 的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名 词有: means(方法；手段）, works(作品；工 厂）,species(种类) deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 N
18、ot every means _(be)useful. 不是每种方法都好使。 Not all means _(be)useful. 不是所有的方法都好使。 六、表示时间(T)、距离(D)、金钱(M)等复数名 词作主语，表达一个整体概念时, 谓语动词则 用单数形式; Three years has passes since l left Hangzhou. One million dollars is a great sum of money. 800 kilometers is too long for me. A survey of the opinions of experts _(sho
19、w) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week_(be) good for ones health. answers: shows ; is 七、七、thetheadj.adj.作主语作主语 thetheadj.adj., ,表示表示一类人一类人，谓语动词用，谓语动词用复数复数，如，如 the old, the young, the rich, the poorthe old, the young, the rich, the poor等等 the+ the+ adj.,adj.,表示表示某个人某个人或或一类抽象的事物一类抽象的事物，谓，谓 语动词
20、用语动词用单数单数，如，如the beautiful, the goodthe beautiful, the good 等等 The old _ taken good care of in our society. The rich _ for the decision but the poor are against it. The wounded _ a young boy. The beautiful _not always the same as the good. answers:1. are 2.are 3.is 4.is 八、 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用 复
21、数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词 用单数。 A number of new books on the desk. The number of students in you class _ 50. answers：1. are 2.is 本讲小结 1、集体名词 2、总是以复数形式出现的名词 3.以-s结尾的名词 4.如people ,police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 5.单复数同形的名词 6.TDM 7.the+adj 8.a number oflikes; is being built. 29 30 1One or
22、 two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe Exercises: 3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe 4Not the teacher，but the students _ look
23、ing forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe 5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been 6A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come 7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known 8The
24、 teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading 9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 10. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have o
25、ffered 11. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 疑问词 + to do做主语，谓语动词用单数 12. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; we
26、re 13. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are 15. The results of the examination _that you have all made great _ . A. show; progress B. shows; progress C. show; progresses D. shows; progresses 16.Here _ a
27、 new pair of shoes for you. A. is B. are C. have D. has 17. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _caused hearing loss in some teenagers. （2015 湖南卷） A. is B. are C. has D. have 18. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. （2014 全国卷） A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn
