1、必修一必修一 Unit 1 Back to school 第一部分：第一部分：P5 讲解讲解 短语：hold sb. to .standards 以.标准来要求某人 （1） ahead /hed/ adv.（时间、空间）向前； 提前 in the years ahead在未来的岁月中 （2） forward /fwd/ adv. 向将来；向前；进展，前进 look forward to 盼望，期待 （3） independent /ndpendnt/ adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的 n.独立； 自主 adv.独立地； 自主地；自力地 v. 依靠，依赖；取决于 第第二二部分：部分：gramm
2、ar and usage 1. Albert Einstein said, “If you want to live a happy life, tie it to a goal.”I agree. Goals are important in many ways. 2. Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 【词汇】【词汇】focus /fks/ n. 焦点，重点 vt. 毫无结果 练一练： He was lazy so he failed. He failed _ his laziness. He was lazy. _ he failed. H
3、is laziness _ his failure. His failure _ his laziness. 11. The indirect object usually refers to a person and (P6) 指的是；提到；涉及；参考 refer to. as .称为 1. Setting goals is the first step in achieving them. The tips below may help you. 【词汇】【词汇】tip /tp/ n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 tipper n给小费者 2. Set goals that can be
4、 achieved. 3. Dont push yourself to achieve more than what is possible.push sb. to do 4. Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 【词汇】【词汇】base /bes/ vt. 以为基础（依据） n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营 (1) vt. .为基础(依据) base . on .基础/根据be based on/upon .为基础 (2)n.根据;基础;基底;总部，大本营at the base of.在.底部
5、 (3) basicadj.基本的，根本的 basicallyadv.基本上；从根本上说basisn.原因；基准；基础 练一练 1）_(base) on a true story, the film turned out to be a great hit. 2） _(base)an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 3）Knowing some _(base) knowledge of first aid can make a great differe
6、nce sometimes. 4） You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless _(以事实为依据). 【句式分析】本句为简单句。其中“based on your abilities and skills” 为过去分词短语做后置 定语，修饰 goals。 过去分词(短语)做定语 (1)位置:单个过去分词做定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前(spoken English);过去分词短语做定 语时，通常放在被修饰词之后。 (2)时态/语态特点:及物动词的过去分词可以表示被动和动作已经完成;不及物动词的过去分 词只能表示动作已经完成。 (3)扩展性:
7、过去分词短语做后置定语时常可扩展成定语从句。 I borrowed a book written by Mark Twain from the library. They are sweeping the fallen leaves in the yard. 练一练： You will tend to use the words, _(learn) from daily conversations. University of Cambridge, _(found) in the 13th century, holds a leading position in science in mode
8、rn times. 5. Break big goals down into small ones. break down (into) 分解（成） 6. When you do so, they will seem easier to reach. 7. You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal. 8. This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal. 9. Write your goals on paper.
9、It is a good idea to put your goals where you can see them. 10. You can place the list on your bedside table. Or you can stick it on your bedroom wall. 11. This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. remind /rmand/ vt. 提醒，使想起 reminder n.提醒;提示;提醒的人/物 remind sb of sth提醒某人某事;
10、使某人想起某人/某事 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 结构相同：结构相同： warn sb. of sth.提醒/警告某人某事inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事cure sb. of sth.治愈某人的疾病 rob sb. of sth.抢某人的某物rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某事 accuse sb. of sth.指控某人犯.罪suspect sb. of sth怀疑某人有.罪 12. After you set a goal, it is important to stick to i
11、t and work hard towards it. 13. You may find achieving goals difficult. But (6) you should not give up. 14. Instead, stay positive and confident. 15. You will succeed in the end. 16. All my efforts will pay off.得到回报，奏效 【拓展】 Through his five-year working, he finally paid off his debt. pay off得到好结果，取得
12、成功（sth 作主语）；偿清（sb 作主语） pay back偿还，报复 pay up付清全部欠款 pay for为付钱，为付出代价 语法总结：语法总结： 句子是表达思想的基本单位，主要的句子成分（sentence elements）有主语（S）、谓语（V） 、 宾语（O）、补语（C）、状语（A）、表语（P）、定语（Attr.）等。具体如下： 1 主语（subject）：指句子所谈论的主体。 如： The teacher gave a speech. Beijing is the capital of China. 2 谓语（verb）：谓语又称为“谓词”，指谓语部分的主要动词，通常说明主语所
13、做的动作 或 主语的特征和状态。如： Many students join school clubs. The weather is nice. 3 宾语（object）：通常指动作的对象。有的动词后面可以接两个宾语，通常把其中表 示人 的宾语称为间接宾语（indirect object），把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语（direct object）。 如： We should develop good study habits. Jack offered me some helpful advice. 4 补语（complement）：补语分为主语补语（subject complement）和宾
14、语补语（object complement），用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。 如： He is made chairman of the club. Listening to music makes me relaxed. 5 状语 （adverbial） ： 修饰动词、 形容词、 副词或整个句子。 如：Maggie plans her study carefully. Clearly, talking to him is a mistake. 6 表语（predicative）：指连系动词后面的成分，通常说明主语的身份、特征和状态。常 见 的连系动词有 be、become、feel、g
15、et、look、seem 等。 如： Its a lovely day. I feel happy. 7 定语（attributive）：修饰名词或代词。 如： I went to a large library yesterday. He doesnt have anything to do at the moment. 句子结构句子结构 常见的句子结构（sentence structures）有以下八种： 1 主谓：主语 + 谓语（SV）。如： The car stopped. 2 主系表：主语 + 连系动词 + 表语（SVP），也作主（系）表（SP）。 3 主谓宾：主语 + 谓语 + 宾
16、语（SVO）。 4 主谓宾宾：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（SVOO）。 5 主谓宾补：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补语（SVOC）。 6 主谓状：主语 + 谓语 + 状语（SVA）。如： They work hard. 7 主谓宾状：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语（SVOA）。如： We like the film very much. 8 存现句：引导词 there 引导的句子。如： There is a sports centre in our school. 练一练： .指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分 1The students got on the sch
17、ool bus. 2He handed me the newspaper. 3I shall answer your question after class 4What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5They went hunting together early in the morning 6His job is to train swimmers 7He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing 8There is going to be anAmerican film tonight. 9He is to l
18、eave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10His wish is to become a scientist 第第三三部分：部分： integrated skills a Give the signed proposal to Mr Zhou. proposal /prpzl/ n. 提议，建议，动议 b With Mr Zhous help, find a place for the club and set up the first meeting. 建立，创立；开办 set out出发，动身;着手，开始工作set off出发，动身;使爆炸 set down记下，写下se
19、t about着手,开始 set aside留出，省出； 把放置一旁； 不理会 练一练： He decided to set _ a school for the poor children from the mountain villages. She sets _ a bit of money every month for the future use. If we had set _ her address, we wouldnt have had difficulty finding her house. c Write a proposal for the new club. d
20、Wait for the proposal to be accepted by the principal. e Find at least five students to sign up for the first meeting. 【短语】at least至少sign up (for)报名参加报名参加 Proposal for a new club Club name: Short Story Writing Club Club leader: Maggie Zhang Meeting time: Friday afternoon from 4:30 to 5:30 Club aim:
21、To improve short story writing skills aim /em/ n. 目的，目标vi. 目的是;针对;瞄准 aim (sth.) at.(使某物)针对某人; (用某物)瞄准某物 aim to do sth. / aim at doing sth.力求做到某事 be aimed at (doing) sth.旨在.目的. (3) aimlessadj.无目的的 这些规定旨在防止工作事故。 The rules aim at preventing / are aimed at preventing / aim to prevent accidents at work.
22、Club activities: Read short stories in different styles; 【单词】【单词】style /stal/ n. 风格；方式；样式 Write short stories using different techniques; 【单词】【单词】technique /teknik/ n. 技巧，技艺；技能 Hold workshops to discuss the short stories that club members read and write; 【单词】【单词】workshop /wkp/ n. 研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊 Invit
23、e professional writers to give talks on short story writing. 【单词】【单词】professional /prfenl/ adj. 职业的，专业的； 有职业的； 娴熟的，精通业务的n. 专门人员，专业人士 professorn. 教授 【搭配】give talks (on/about)作（关于）报告 Materials needed: Paper and pen for each student 【单词】【单词】material /mtril/ n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的 Plan for finding
24、new members: Make posters and put them up around the school; 【单词】【单词】poster /pst(r)/ n. 海报；（在网络留言板上）发布消息的人 【短语】put up张贴，举起，建造 Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website; Put a video on the school website. Useful expressions 1. intend/plan to do sth打算做某事打算做某事 2. call for需要，要求，提倡需要，要求，提倡 3.aim to /be intended to 打算，旨在打算，旨在
