1、English LearningUnit 4 Body Languages：Discover useful structuresEnglish LearningIn this class we will: u Figure out the structure of ing form as object and predicative.u Learn how to use ing form as object and predicative. u Learn about the function of ing form as object and predicative.u Review the
2、 functions and basic use of ing form.English LearningWhat are the functions of the ing form in the sentences?1. Swimming is his favourite sport.2. He is the man swimming in the river just now.3. Swimming in summer, we can get cool.4. I found him swimming in the river. 5. His favourite sport is swimm
3、ing.Its used as the subject. Its used as the attribute. Its used as the adverbial. Its used as the object complement. Its used as the predicative. English Learning1. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.2. The crucial thing is using body language in a way
4、 that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 3. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil 4. , how close we stand to someone we are talking to predicate objectpredicative objectpredicateCan you find other examples of the -ing form from the reading text?English Learning5. Elsewhere,
5、people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.6. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 7. Perhaps the best example is smiling.8. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to 9. And
6、 if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.objectobjectobjectpredicativepredicativeobjectpredicateobjectEnglish Learning What I hate most is being laughed at. My job is looking after the children.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。我的工
7、作就是照顾这些孩子。 -ing形式形式作表语作表语时放在时放在系动词系动词之后，用来之后，用来泛指某种动泛指某种动作或行为作或行为，以，以说明主语的身份说明主语的身份、性质性质或或情况情况。 used as predicativeEnglish Learning His concern for his mother is most touching. His words are encouraging.他对母亲的关爱很感人。他对母亲的关爱很感人。他的话很鼓舞人心。他的话很鼓舞人心。2. -ing形式形式作表语作表语时放在时放在系动词系动词之后，用来表示之后，用来表示主语主语所具有的特征所具有的
8、特征。注：一般来讲，-ing 分词作表语有两种情况，一是名词性，这时主语和表语可以互换。即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.二是形容词性，表示主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。 English Learning I cant avoid going. Do you enjoy teaching?我不能不去。我不能不去。你喜欢教书吗？你喜欢教书吗？1. 有些动词有些动词/短语只能接短语只能接 -ing形式形式作宾语作宾语，常见的有，常见的有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, de
9、lay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand, excuse, fancy, give up, put off, risk等。等。 I couldnt help laughing.我禁不住笑了起来。我禁不住笑了起来。 They will put off doing it until next year.他们将推迟到明年再做此事。他们将推迟到明年再做此事。 used as object English Learning Do you like reading? I should like to hear
10、 others views. I hate asking favors. He would hate to disappoint you.你你喜欢喜欢看书吗？看书吗？我我不愿意不愿意求人帮忙。求人帮忙。2. 有些动词后可接有些动词后可接-ing或或to do作宾语作宾语，且，且意义相差不大意义相差不大。这类。这类动词有动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等等。我我愿意愿意听听别人的意见。听听别人的意见。他他不愿意不愿意让你失望。让你失望。一般来说，这些动词后接一般来说，这些动词后接-ing作宾语作宾语通常通常指抽象的指抽
11、象的、一般的一般的行为行为；而接；而接to do则则强调具体动作强调具体动作。English Learning3. 有些动词后既可以使用动词有些动词后既可以使用动词-ing形式又可以使用形式又可以使用to do，但，但语语义有区别义有区别。如：。如： forget; regret; remember; mean; try; stop I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. I have forgotten to bring my umbrella. 我将不会忘记听她唱那支歌的情景。我将不会忘记听她唱那支歌的情景。我忘了带伞。我忘了
12、带伞。forget doing sth. 忘记曾经做过某事忘记曾经做过某事(动作已发生动作已发生)forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事忘记去做某事( (动作并未发生动作并未发生) )English Learning I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back. I regret to tell you that you failed the test.我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。我遗憾地告诉你，你没有通过考试。我遗憾地告诉你，你没有通
13、过考试。regret doing sth. 后悔做过后悔做过I regret to say / to tell / to inform you = Im sorry that I have to say (etc.) I regret doing sth.= I did it and now Im sorry about it.English Learning I remember seeing you somewhere in London. Do you remember to post the letter? 我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。你记住寄这封信了吗
14、你记住寄这封信了吗? ?remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事记得曾经做过某事(动作已发生动作已发生) )remember to do sth.记住做某事记住做某事（动作还没有发生）（动作还没有发生）I remember doing sth. = I did it and now I remember this.You remember doing sth. after you have done it.I remember to do sth. = I remembered that I had to do it, and so I did it. You remember
15、to do sth. before you do it.English Learning Missing the bus means waiting for another hour. Im feeling very guiltyIve been meaning to call my parents for days, but still havent got around to it.赶不上那班巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。赶不上那班巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。我感到非常内疚我感到非常内疚几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但还是没机会打。还是没机会打。mean do
16、ing sth. 意味着意味着 mean to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事to say that we intend(ed) to do sth.to say that sth. has sth. else as a resultEnglish Learning Why not try doing it in some other way? I tried to solve the problem but I couldnt.为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。try doing sth. 试着做某事试着
17、做某事 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事尽力去做某事to say that we attempt to do sth.to say we test sth. to see if it improves a situationEnglish Learning Please stop talking aloud. They stopped to take photos.请不要大声说话。请不要大声说话。他们停下来去拍照。他们停下来去拍照。stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来正在做的事情去做另外一件事停下来正在做的事情去做另外一件事to
18、 say why we stop doing sth.to say what it is that we stop doingEnglish Learning4. -ing形式可作形式可作介词宾语介词宾语。例如：。例如：devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, insist on, put off, feel like, waste/spend(in) doing sth., have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.等等。 She insis
19、ted on writing at once. They objected to leaving the motel.她坚持马上就写。她坚持马上就写。他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。 I dont feel like going to the movie.我不想去看电影。我不想去看电影。English LearningHe narrowly escaped _ (run) over by a car.The bird was so lucky that it just missed _. (catch)What annoyed me most was _ (cheat) b
20、y her over and over again.I have been looking forward to _(accept) here for a long time.being run being caughtbeing cheatedbeing acceptedTips: English Learning1. Bills job is _ sign language.2. The theme of his presentation is _ barriers between groups.3. By_, we mean “bending our head or body forwa
21、rd as a sign of respect or shame”.4. _ three kilometres of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.5. We intended to visit the theme park but ended up _ Professor Zhang. P41 2amuseteachbreak downcall onbowget throughassessComplete the sentences using the -ing form of the words and phrases in the box
22、. Two are extra. Then state their functions.teaching breaking downbowing calling onGetting throughpredicative predicativeobjectsubjectobject of the verb phraseEnglish Learning_ is also key to reading peoples body language accurately. For example, when _, some people avoid eye contact. By contrast, o
23、thers may _ eye contact even longer than usual.Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box. P41 3lie; challenge; consider individual differences; maintain; consider the whole picture; evaluate a patients conditionReading body language is not an easy task. It can b
24、e _ because interpreting the signs that another person shows requires _. In this sense, it can be compared to a doctor _.challengingconsidering the whole pictureevaluating a patients conditionConsidering individual differences lyingmaintainEnglish LearningTalk about the body language you can read fr
25、om the following pictures. Use at least one -ing form for each picture.P41 4Possible answer:The boy is fearful, trying to run away from an angry dog.Possible answer:The man enjoys looking at himself in the mirror.Possible answer:The woman shows her impatience by looking at her watch.English Learning
26、1. Scientists have responded by _ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, 2019全国卷2. A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _ (be) Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 2019全国卷3. When the children are walking or _ (cycle)
27、to school on dark mornings, 2019浙江卷notingbeingcyclingEnglish Learning1. Make sure you _ _ _ ( (使你的膝盖弯曲使你的膝盖弯曲) ) when you pick up heavy objects.2. Having done several part-time jobs, David _ _ ( (最终做最终做) working in a bank. 3. Tasting tea can be _ _ ( (与与相比相比) ) living a life. It can be plain and pre
28、dictable, but sometimes it is full of pleasant surprises. 4. The stranger handed me his phone, which was _ _ _ _ ( (信任的象征信任的象征) ).bend your kneesended upcompared to/witha sign of trustEnglish Learning.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Rachels fathers job is _ (teach) maths in a high school. 2. Miss
29、 Zhang suggested _ (buy) a dictionary at the beginning of this term. 3. Anna, who is my best friend, feels like _ (take) a walk with me after supper.4. Its a waste of time _ (argue) about the question again.5. I dont think the joke is _ (interest) at all.teaching/to teachbuyingtakingarguinginteresti
30、ngEnglish Learning6. The real problem is _ (understand) how the system works.7. Would you mind _ (tell) me your address? I may visit you on the weekend.8. I remember _ (invite) you. Why didnt you attend the get-together?9. Tomas wont play basketball with you because he is fond of _ (play) football.1
31、0. The boss said we must try to avoid _(repeat) the same mistake again.understanding/to understandtellinginvitingplayingrepeatingEnglish Learning.用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文。用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文。 My mothers job is 1. _(look) after patients in the hospital. Shortly after the outbreak of COVID-19, she was sent
32、 to Wuhan. My mother always enjoys 2. _ (help) others, so she accepted the dangerous task without 3. _(complain). What worried me most was her 4. _(work) in the ICU. I gave my mother a video call when she was free. On 5. _(see) her face in the video, I couldnt help 6. _(cry). Mother comforted me and asked me to study hard and practise 7. _ (play) the piano every day. I looked forward to 8. _ (meet) my mother and hoped all doctors and nurses would get back home safely.looking/to lookhelpingcomplainingworkingseeingcryingplayingmeetingEnglish LearningSee You Next Class!
