1、Unit 3 Back to the past ReadingLanguage PointsSailing the oceans Zheng HeIn the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of Chinas greatest explorers, set sail from Taicang on his first voyage. A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board, which was a splendid scene. It
2、 would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas. According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships. 碧海远航郑和公元1405年夏，中国一位最伟大的探险家郑和从太仓起锚，开启了他的首次远航。其船队有船200余艘，载着近28000人，在碧海上乘风破浪，场面极
3、其壮观。规模更大的航海船队要到500年后才出现。据史料记载，郑和船队最大的船长逾140米，可知其造船技术之高超，工艺之独特。1. . navigated the blue seas, .(line 2)lv. to find your position and the direction you need to go导航；uv. to sail along, over or through a sea 航行，航海uv. to find the right way to deal with a difficult situation 找到正确的方法unavigate-navigation-nav
4、igator1. The river became too narrow and shallow _ (navigate).2. His father is an expert in _(navigate).3. He became a _(navigate) during the war.navigationto navigatenavigatorBetween 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages. His ships were loaded with chi
5、na, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa. As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast. Later th
6、e detailed maps became Zheng Hes Navigation Map. 1405至1433年间，郑和代表明朝总共进行了七次航行。他的船队满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品，先后对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。他最远甚至抵达了非洲东海岸。海员们一路上记录罗盘刻度，书写航海日志，绘制海岸地图。这些详细的地图后来集为郑和航海图。2. on behalf of 代表（或代替）某人；因为某人；为了他代表全体学生讲了话。He spoke on behalf of all the students.3. . were loaded with china,
7、silk, tea. (line 8)ln. 负载，负荷；（责任或忧虑的）沉重感lv. 装上，装入；装子弹/弹药uload sth into/onto sth 把.装入/上.uload sth with sth 把.装入.ua load of/loads of. 大量的.1. We finished _(load) and set off.2. She loaded film _ the camera.3. She loaded the camera _ film.4. She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing
8、 _ her family alone.5. _(know) that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.6. He carried a _(load) gun.intowithloadingupKnowingloaded4. . kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast. (line 11)ln. 木柴，原木； 日志lv. 把.载入日志；伐木ukeep a log/logs of. 记录.写日志ulog (sb.) in/on 登录，注册ulog (sb.) off/out
9、退出，注销5. . kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast.(line 11)ln. a page or sheet of information in the form of diagrams 图表ln. a detailed map of the sea 海图lv. to make a map of the area or show the feature in it 绘制地图lv. to record or follow the progress or development of sb./sth.记录，跟踪lv. to plan
10、 a course of action 制定计划Zheng Hes seven voyages had a far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours. In the countries and regions where Zheng He set foot, legends have been passed on about this great explorer. Zheng Hes efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countrie
11、s and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands. 郑和七次下西洋对中国及其邻国产生了深远影响。在郑和到访过的国家和地区，至今流传着有关这位伟大探险家的传说。郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进了中国对海外诸邦的了解。6. . and strengthen harmonious relations with. (line 16)ladj. friendly
12、, peaceful and without any disagreement 和谐的，和睦的uharmony-harmonious-harmoniouslyube in harmony with sth 与.和谐相处1. The only way for us to survive is to live _ harmony with nature.2. In short, a good and _(harmony) environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthily.3. I firmly believe that h
13、uman should live with nature _ (harmonious).4. Their harmonious relationship resulted _ their similar goals.harmoniousfrominharmoniouslyFor many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends. The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing, where t
14、he fleet had been built. Zheng Hes accomplishments are now widely acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of Chinas most influential explorers.多年来，一些历史学家认为这些航海活动的记载只是传说而不予理会。后来，铁证出现了，在南京发现了一个巨大的造船厂，当年郑和的船便在此处建造。郑和的成就在今天获得公认，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。7. . some historians dismissed the records as legen
15、ds.(line 18)lv. 不予考虑，对.不屑一提；摒除(思想、感情等)lv. 解雇；解散udismiss sth as. 把某事当成.不予考虑udismiss-dismissal 1. We can safely dismiss what he said _ a joke.2. _(dismiss) her fears, she climbed higher.3. At 12 oclock, the class _(dismiss).4. He was so _(responsible) that I decided to dismiss him.5. He still hopes to
16、 win his claim against the unfair_(dismiss).was dismisseddismissalasirresponsibleDismissing/Having dismissed8. acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢acknowledge sb/sth to be/as. 承认某人/某物是He is widely acknowledged to be/as the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。9. . he is remembered as one of China
17、s most influential explorers. (line 21)ladj. having a lot of influence on sb./sth. 有很大影响力的ube influential in sth./doing sth. 在(做)有支配力uinfluence-influential 1. He had been influential _ shaping economic policy.2. She is one of the most _(influence) figures in local politics.3. What exactly is the inf
18、luence of online games _ teenagers?influentialinon/uponChristopher ColumbusThose who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the wayas was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus. Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451. As a teenager, he loved sailing, and
19、 he showed great interest in geography, which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman. 克里斯托弗哥伦布凡获得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗哥伦布便是如此。1451年，哥伦布生于意大利一个港口城市。少年时代他就喜爱航海，对地理表现出极大的兴趣。这些激励他开始了海员生涯。Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Oc
20、ean. After continuous attempts, he received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain. On 3 August 1492, he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen. 哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。经过不懈的争取，他终于获得了西班牙国王和王后的资助。1492年8月3日，他和约90名船员分乘三艘船从西班牙出发。10. depart vi.& vt.离开，起程depart for. 动
21、身去往.depart from 从离开我们上午十点动身去伦敦。Flights for Beijing departed from Terminal 3. We departed for London at 10 a.m.飞往北京的航班从3号航站楼出发。The journey was full of challenges: it took longer than expected, they faced a shortage of food, and one of the ships was leaking badly, which put everyone on this ship in gr
22、ave danger. The men on board were in panic.Regardless of all the challenges, Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean. 这次航行中他们饱经患难：航行时间超过预期，食物储备不足，还有一艘船严重漏水，上面所有人都命悬一线。船上的人们都陷入了恐慌。哥伦布不顾所有的挑战，凭借自己的知识和勇气，确保大家都平安越过海洋。11. . put everyone on this ship
23、 in grave danger. (line 10)ln. 坟墓ladj. 严重的，深切的；严肃的，表情沉重的ugrave-gravityufrom the cradle to the grave 从生到死; 一生1. The consequences _(be) very grave if nothing is done.2. The police have expressed grave concern about the missing _(child) safety.3. Have you realised the _(grave) of the situation?4. Learn
24、ing should be a never-ending process, from the cradle _ the grave.childsgravitywill beto12. panic n.惊恐，恐慌 vi.&vt.(使）惊慌，(使)惊慌失措in panic 惊慌地get into a panic 惊慌失措Office workers fled in panic as the fire broke out.火灾爆发时，办公室人员惊慌逃离。对即将到来的考试惊慌失措是没用的。It is no use getting into a panic about the coming exam.F
25、inally, on 12 October, the crew spotted land in the distance. Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies. However, the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean, not the East Indies. 终于，10月12日那天，有船员看到远方的陆地。哥伦布深信来到了东印度，便将生活在岛上
26、的土著人称为印地安人。然而，他们所到达的海岸其实属于加勒比海地区，而不是东印度群岛。13. convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说convince sb to do sth. 说服某人做某事convince sb of sth. 使某人相信某事他们试图说服他去支持他们。They tried to convince him to support them.Between 1493 and 1504, Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages. The major contribut
27、ion of this great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World. His discovery inspired explorers such as Captain James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world. His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical finding
28、s. This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.1493至1504年，哥伦布又先后三次出航，途中发现了更多陆地。这位伟大探险家最大的贡献是“发现”新大陆。他的发现激励了诸如詹姆斯库克船长这样的探险家去探索和发现世界更广大的区域。他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。同时，这个时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。14. . found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages.
29、(line 17)ladj. happening or coming after sth. else 随后的，后来的usubsequent-subsequently-subsequence1. Developments on this issue _(deal) with in a subsequent report to be issued in the near future.2. _(subsequent), new guidelines were issued to all employees.3. The early memories are likely _(lose) in su
30、bsequent years.Subsequentlyto be lostwill be dealt15. . also allowed for an international exchange.(line 22)u allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把.计算在内u试译：It will take about two hours to get there, allowing for traffic jams.考虑到交通堵塞，到那里大约需要两个小时。Phrases Consolidation.English Chineseon boardin lengthon behalf of.be l
31、oaded with.pay friendly visits to.keep logs of.在船（飞机、火车）上在船（飞机、火车）上长度为长度为. .代表代表. .装载着装载着. .对对. .进行友好访问进行友好访问记日志记日志English Chinesehave a far-reaching impact onset footpass onexpose sb to sthshow great interest in.inspire sb to do.对对. .有深远的影响有深远的影响踏入，走进踏入，走进传递传递让某人体验某物让某人体验某物对对. .有浓厚的兴趣有浓厚的兴趣激励某人做某事激
32、励某人做某事English Chineseinsist on doing.depart from.put sb. in grave dangerin panicregardless of.in the distanceopen a new chapterallow for.坚持做坚持做从从. .出发出发使某人处于极度危险中使某人处于极度危险中陷入恐慌陷入恐慌不管，不顾不管，不顾在远处在远处打开新的篇章打开新的篇章使使. .成为可能，考虑到成为可能，考虑到subsequentharmonious influential on behalf ofproof strengthen acknowled
33、ge be loaded withThe early 1400s was a glorious era in Chinese history. During this time, the Yongle Emperor wanted to develop (1)_ relations with the overseas neighbors. Zheng He, one of the most (2)_ explorers, took charge of the task. One of the states mentioned in the historical records was Boni
34、 (present-day Brunei), a small kingdom in South-East Asia. There is (3)_ that China established very good relations with this state a long time ago: one of its kings was buried in Nanjing during the early Ming Dynasty, and there is a fascinating legend about the king.harmoniousinfluentialproofIn 140
35、5, (4)_ the emperor, Zheng He sailed the oceans on his first voyage. His fleet (5)_ gifts to the neighboring countries and regions. In 1407, he travelled to Boni, which (6)_ the friendly relationship between the two countries. In the (7)_ year, the King of Boni paid a friendly visit to China. He was
36、 accompanied by more than 150 people. The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was. They received a royal welcome from the Yongle Emperor.on behalf ofwas loaded withstrengthenedsubsequentsubsequentharmonious influential on behalf of
37、proof strengthen acknowledge be loaded withUnfortunately, after over a month in the capital, the king fell ill. On his deathbed, he asked to be buried in China, and in line with his will the emperor built a tomb for him. This tomb bears witness to the long history of friendly interactions between the two countries and is now (8)_ as one of the many important historic sites in China.acknowledgedsubsequentharmonious influential on behalf ofproof strengthen acknowledge be loaded with
