1、Unit 1 Wish you were hereGrammar and usageNon-restrictive relative clausesExploring the rulesStep 1: go through the whole passage and find in the chart.Tourism 1. . Tourism allows 2. to grow consistently, thus3. to the local population, and bringing 4. to the surrounding community.DisadvantagesBoth
2、the 5. of the land and the cultural aspects of the destination may be 6. from tourism, with wildlife 7. suffering and local culture receiving insufficient 8. .service industriesgiving jobsmore wealthphysical characteristicsat riskhabitatsrespectadvantagesStep 2: find the sentences with non-restricti
3、ve relative clauses in the article. The first one has done for you.These industries, in turn, give jobs to the local population, whose welfare depends on tourism. .which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community. .where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destr
4、oyed by the flood of tourists. .which could endanger the local plants and animals. . which may have deep meaning in a particular culture, can simply become entertainment for tourists. We often use a non-restrictive relative clause to add extra information to a noun, pronoun or noun phrase in the mai
5、n clause or the main clause. A comma is usually used to separate the adding clause and the main clause. We usually introduce a non-restrictive relative clause with a relative pronoun like who, whom, which and whose or a relative adverb like when and where. The relative pronoun or adverb （can/cannot)
6、 be left out in a non-restrictive relative clause. We can use (which/who/where) in a non-restrictive relative clause to refer to the main clause as a whole.cannotWorking out the ruleswhichLearning about the rules定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 定语从句又分为限制性定
7、语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。Learning about the rules非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。关系代词和关系副词 which、who、whom、whose、when 、where、as的用法用法1.who1.who引导引导 eg：Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.2.wh
8、om2.whom引导引导，关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句首。 eg：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.3.whose3.whose引导引导，whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。 eg：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very h
9、ard.4.whichwhich引导引导。关系代词which在非限制性定语从句，中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。4.which引导引导 (1)which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。 eg：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit. Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.(2) w
10、hich指代主句中的形容词。 eg：She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was.(3) which指代主句中的某个从句。 eg：He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.(4) which指代整个主句。 eg：In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.5.when5.when引导引导。whenwhen在
11、非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。 eg：He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.6.where6.where引导引导。wherewhere在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。 eg：They went to London，where they lived for six months.7.7.在非限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，whomwho
12、m、whichwhich前面可以加前面可以加some/many/all of some/many/all of 等修饰词，表示等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。整体中的部分或所有。 eg: Many people, some of whom are notoverweight, are going on a diet. I have been to many big cities, all of which have left a deep impression on me.8.as8.as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行项可以是整个主句或主句的一部分，引导非限制性定语从句时，先行项可以是整个主句
13、或主句的一部分，asas引导的从句引导的从句可以置于主句前，主句中或主句后。可以置于主句前，主句中或主句后。用法8. as 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句 常用结构有：as we all know；as is (well) known to all；as can be seen; as has been said before, as was mentioned above; as is often the case（这是常有的事情）1._ we all know,the 29th Olympic Games is a great success.2._ is often the c
14、ase, he made me annnoyed.AsAsRewrite the following sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.(1) My parents went on a tour of Japan with 20 people. Some of them had never been abroad before. .(2) My favourite place to visit is a little village near Shanghai. My grandma was born there. .Applyi
15、ng the rulesMy parents went on a tour of Japan with 20 people, some of whom had never been abroad before.My favourite place to visit is a little village near Shanghai, where my grandma was born.(3) Dr Luo will give us a tour of Beijing. He is an expert in Chinese history. . (4) Id rather visit Europ
16、e in summer. The weather is at its best in summer. .(5) Im reading a guidebook to Rome. It is really fascinating and helpful. .Im reading a guidebook to Rome, which is really fascinating and helpful.Id rather visit Europe in summer, when the weather is at its best.Dr Luo, who is an expert in Chinese
17、 history, will give us a tour of Beijing.Appreciate sentences:Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。Peter, whom you mey in London, is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。 The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。 More Exerci
18、ses:BA1.My gardener，_is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year. A.which B.who C.whom D.when2.The two policemen were completely trusted，in fact they were. A.which B.who C.whom D.that3.When deeply absorbed in work，he often was，he would forget all about eating and sleeping. A.whic
19、h B.who C.that D.whom4.I paid a visit to compony last month, my brother are working. A.which B.who C.where D.thatAC A.which B.on which C.in which D.when5.That is the day Ill never forget. 6. The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A.which B.where C.in which D.whatA7.Last summer we vi
20、sited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A.for that B.for which C.in which D.whatBA8. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whomB9. My aunt, _ life was hard, earned only 300 yuan a month. A. whose B. who C. whom D. which 10. Mr. Wh
21、ite, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which AC1.这个人是小明的朋友，他的名字叫大鹏。 .2.金沙是一个非常好的地方，它的酒很出名。 .3.李诞是一个很优秀的人，他的建议都很有帮助。 .4.美国是个发达国家，它的很多发明都很先进。 .This man is Xiaomings friend, whose name is Dapeng.Jinsha is a extremely nice place, whose alcohols is famous.Lidan, who
22、se suggestions are so useful, is an excellent person.America is a developed country, whose inventions are extremely advanced.1. These industries, in turn, give jobs to the local population, whose welfare depends on tourism. welfare n. 福利，福祉常见搭配： social welfare 社会福利 public welfare 公共福利 welfare servic
23、es 福利机构Language pointsE.gThe welfare system of this company is very appealing to its job applicants.2. The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的surroundings n.环境
24、surround vt. 围绕；包围E.g The buildings have been designed to be visually harmonious with their surroundings. Shanghai has a great economic influence on its surrounding areas. As a little kid I was surrounded by love.ExercisesThe barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, (
25、surround) by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports. surrounded3.More nature-centred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.harmony n. 融洽；和睦；和谐；和声harmonious adj. 友好和睦的；协调的；和谐的harmoniously adv. 融洽地常见搭配：be in harmony with sth和某事物一致，和某事物协调 人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，正因为如此，我们生存的唯一方式就是跟自然和谐相处。 .Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.Please complete part B2 on page 7
