1、定语从句The Attributive Clause1 1、可以随时打断我的讲课、可以随时打断我的讲课2 2、每节可、每节可4545分钟分钟3 3、互相给予鼓励、互相给予鼓励三点要求：语法知识补充名词名词 主语主语 定语 形容词 代词 副词副词 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 状语 定语从句 定语定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词分词、不定式不定式、介词短语介词短语等来担任，修饰等来担任，修饰名词名词。( (以介词以介词短语、分词为例）短语、分词为例） 例：例： The girlThe girl behind the tree behind the tree is K
2、ate.is Kate. The manThe man driving too fast driving too fast was drunkwas drunk（喝醉的）（喝醉的）什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？答案：答案：在在复合句复合句中作中作定语定语，修饰主句中，修饰主句中 的某一的某一名词或代词名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从的从句，叫做定语从句句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词先行词，位，位于从句之前。于从句之前。结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + +关系代关系代/ /副词副词+ + 句子句子 I dont like the man who is smoking. 先
3、行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句The girlThe girl who is behind the tree who is behind the tree is Kate.is Kate. The manThe man who was driving too fast who was driving too fast was was drunkdrunk关系代词如何引导定语从句关系代词如何引导定语从句q普通代词与关系代词的区别普通代词与关系代词的区别I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sisterq普通代词普通代词：只起代替的作用（如
4、上例：只起代替的作用（如上例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.q关系代词关系代词： （如上例（如上例who/that） 1.代替代替先行词先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中它还在定语从句中担任担任一定的一定的成分成分; 3. 同时同时连接连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来）（把主句和从句连起来） The building is our school. The building stands by the river.v 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们
5、的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。人称、数必须和先行词一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句vwhich/that which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the the building, building, 同时担任从句中的主语，
6、也起连词的作用，把两个同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接简单句连接 起来。起来。 关系词关系词判判 断断 步步 骤骤 :v 首先，要看先行词。首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人如果先行词是指人,关系代词关系代词 可用可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物如果先行词指物,关系关系 代词可用代词可用which或或that;v 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词先行词 主格主格 宾格宾格 所有格所有格 人人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物物which,thatwhich,that
7、whose,of which关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系词在句中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主、宾、表主、宾、表which物物主、宾、表、定（偶）主、宾、表、定（偶）who人人主、宾主、宾whom人人宾宾whose人人/物物定定关系关系副词副词when时间时间时间状语时间状语where地点地点地点状语地点状语why原因原因原因状语原因状语 最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yes
8、terday is my mother.(主句主句)The woman is my mother. (叙述客观事实叙述客观事实 用用一般现在一般现在时时) (从句从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示表示过去时间过去时间)the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom The b
9、oy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind
10、. (宾语宾语) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.关系代词关系代词 1.who1.who指人指人, ,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man( who) I ta
11、lked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.关系代词关系代词 3.whose 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式, , 它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。 Please show me th
12、e book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green i
13、s big.Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 4.which 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略, ,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) ) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he
14、 bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. Th
15、e room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big.注意: 固定动介词组不可分割固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前介词不能提前.例如例如:look after,look at 关系代词与介词关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用介词宾语只能用which代物代物, 用用whom代人。代人。(介词在末尾时介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略关系词可以省略)The room where I live is very big. 定语从句中需注意事项定语从句中需注意事项
16、有些情况下只用关系词有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是先行词是 something, nothing, anything等不定代词等不定代词时时 Here is something( that)
17、I will tell you.3.先行词既有人也有物时先行词既有人也有物时,只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是先行词是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer you
18、. 5.当主句已有疑问词当主句已有疑问词 who或或which时，用时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 1).先行词是先行词是anyone, someone, those时，关系词使时，关系词使用用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行词指人句型中，先行词指人,关系词用关系词用who There is an old man
19、who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him. 关系副词关系副词 关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从在从句中代替先行词句中代替先行词,在句中在句中作状语作状语。 where:在从句中作在从句中作地点状语地点状语,指代地点指代地点. when: 在从句中作在从句中作时间状语时间状语,指代时间。指代时间。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stay
20、ed wasnt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.2.Ill never forget the day. I joined the Party on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party .The scientist we met yesterday is ver
21、y who famous in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which (1) the scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
22、He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. 单项选择。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where3. Who was the grey-ha
23、ired man _at yesterdays meeting?A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB6. This book is for the students _mother language isnt Englis
24、h. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.hi
25、s D./10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB1. This is the bag _ my mother bought 1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.yesterday. A. that A. thatB. whoB. who C. whom C. whom D. this D. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my 2. The man _ lives next to u
26、s is my English teacher.English teacher. A. whom A. whom B. which B. which C. who C. whoD. /D. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is 3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary.Mary. A. that A. thatB. whoseB. whose C. which C. whichD. asD. as定语从句练习定语从句练习4. Is this the factory _ a lot of 4. Is this
27、 the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday?students visited yesterday? A. the one A. the oneB. whichB. which C. who C. who D. whom D. whom6. The only language _ is easy to learn 6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.is the mother tongue. A. which A. whichB. thatB. that
28、 C. / C. /D. itD. it定语从句练习定语从句练习7. The girl handed everything _ she had 7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.picked up in the street to the police. A. which A. whichB. in whichB. in which C. that C. thatD. allD. all8. _ cleans the blackboard should be 8. _ cl
29、eans the blackboard should be praised.praised. A. That A. That B. WhoB. Who C. The one who C. The one whoD. The students whoD. The students who9. Please show me the book _ you bought 9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday.yesterday. A. which A. whichB. whomB. whom C. whose C. whose D. thi
30、s D. this定语从句练习定语从句练习10. This is the best book _ I have 10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.been looking for all this year. A. who A. whoB. whomB. whom C. which C. which D. / D. /11. This is the only article of these 11. This is the only article of these that _ written
31、by him.that _ written by him. A. was A. wasB. wereB. were C. is C. isD. areD. are12. The man _ was here just now is 12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor.a doctor. A. whom A. whomB. whoB. who C. / C. /D. heD. he定语从句练习定语从句练习13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs.13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A.
32、 who live next door A. who live next door B. which lives next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door D. that lives next door14. Those _ made no mistakes in 14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.todays e
33、xercises please raise your hands. A. which A. whichB. whomB. whom C. that C. thatD. whoD. who15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a 15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday.lovely place for a holiday. A. when B. where A. when B. where C. that D. at that C. that D. at that定
34、语从句练习定语从句练习16. He is the most careful boy _ I 16. He is the most careful boy _ I know.know. A. what A. whatB. whichB. which C. as C. as D. ./ D. ./ 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once taught.once taught. A. in that A. in thatB. whenB. when C. where C. whereD. t
35、hereD. there18. Have you visited the house _ the 18. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born?famous scientist was born? A. where A. whereB. in thatB. in that C. that C. that D. which D. which定语从句练习定语从句练习19. The factory _ Mr. Li used to 19. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was clo
36、sed last week.work was closed last week. A. when A. whenB. whereB. where C. that C. thatD. whichD. which20. Do you still remember the day _ 20. Do you still remember the day _ we first met?we first met? A. that A. thatB. whenB. when C. what C. what D. on D. on thatthat定语从句练习定语从句练习21. October 1,1949
37、is the day _ well 21. October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget.never forget. A. when A. when B. thatB. that C. where C. whereD. in whichD. in which22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the 22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded.Peoples Republic of China was founde
38、d. A. which A. whichB. whenB. when C. where C. whereD. in whichD. in which23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens 23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing?clothing? A. which A. whichB. whereB. where C. in which C. in whichD. whatD. what定语从句练习定语从句练习24. Is this museum _ they visited 24. Is this
39、museum _ they visited last month?last month? A. that A. thatB. whichB. which C. where C. whereD. the oneD. the one25. I still remember the sitting-room 25. I still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.the evening. A. what A. whatB. w
40、hichB. which C. that C. thatD. whereD. where定语从句练习定语从句练习26. Have you seen the girl _?26. Have you seen the girl _? A. that I told B. I told you of A. that I told B. I told you of C. whom I told D. I told of C. whom I told D. I told of27. The days are gone _ we use 27. The days are gone _ we use “for
41、eign matches”.“foreign matches”. A. during when B. during that A. during when B. during that C. on which C. on which D. during which D. during which 28. Finally the thief handed in everything 28. Finally the thief handed in everything _ he had stolen to the police._ he had stolen to the police. A. w
42、hich A. whichB. thatB. that C. what D. whatever C. what D. whatever定语从句练习定语从句练习29. The lecture spoke of some writers and 29. The lecture spoke of some writers and novels _ were known to us all.novels _ were known to us all. A. which A. whichB. thatB. that C. who D. what C. who D. what30. I can still
43、 remember the sitting room 30. I can still remember the sitting room _ my mother and I used to sit in the _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.evening. A. what A. whatB. whichB. which C. that C. that D. where D. where 31. It was raining hard, _ kept us 31. It was raining hard, _ kept us indoors.indoors. A. which A. whichB. thatB. that C. as C. asD. D. whatwhat定语从句练习定语从句练习 结束语当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的，所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So DonT Give Up, Stick To The End谢谢大家荣幸这一路，与你同行ItS An Honor To Walk With You All The Way演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
