1、Unit 6SurvivalPart 1Starting out &Understanding ideas基础过关练.单词拼写1.The police officers went through the (罪行) scene with a fine-tooth comb.2.Parents in a Beijing (郊区) sometimes do such an exchange in search of better schooling for their children.3.It is as bad to encourage violence as it is to (犯) it.4
2、.To clean the (垃圾) of the local tourism resort is a small but worthy cause.5.Billions of people have had to (限制) their daily lives in order to contain the virus.6.Teachers and parents guidance plays a c role in childrens growth.7.The wealth gap between rural and uresidents is narrowing.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
3、take place;run away;amount to;in ones way;under construction;figure out;fit in with;die from1.The exhibition has 11 projects that have been built or are in nine countries.2.They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not much.3.Before the police arrived, he broke the window and .4.Youll have
4、to moveyou are .5.Smokers are about twice as likely to get the lung infection and it as non-smokers.6.The amount of Carbon-14 contained in their bones helps scientists their age.7.I wondered how I would my teenage friends.8.Great changes in our hometown during the past ten years.单句语法填空1.He was a (gr
5、eed) man and loved gold better than anything else in the world.2.While my friend, George, was reading in the bedroom, two (thief) climbed into his kitchen.3.Put a small amount of the powder into a (contain) and mix it with water.4.In fact, the first group was absolutely correct in their (estimate) o
6、f this mans height.5.The course is aimed at developing the childrens (appreciate) of music performances.完成句子1.所有的工作完成了,他们急忙回家吃午饭。 , they hurried back home for lunch.2.最后,那个人别无选择,只好承认从办公室偷了电脑。At last the man to stealing the computer from the office.3.据估计,在美国超过50% 的撞车事故是由司机注意力分散引起的。 over 50% of the cr
7、ashes in the U.S. are caused by driver distraction.4.只有那时我才明白她的意思。 understand what she meant.5.最了解她的是我的两个姐妹。 my two sisters knew her best.课文语法填空It seems 1 wild animals are taking over our cities. Most of us would assume that urban 2 (develop) and climate change are responsible for pushing the animal
8、s out of their natural habitats. Wherever they go, 3 (animal) find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but 4 (move) in with us. As our cities become greener, they offer 5 (increase) appealing spaces to animals 6 (look) for new habitats. These new
9、comers often flourish in 7 (they) new city lives. Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in 8 their new homes. However they adapt to our ways of urban living, its important that we get 9 better understanding of and even learn 10 (appreciate) our wild neighbours. Only then can we l
10、ook towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.能力提升练.阅读理解AA recent study by a team of researchers from Canada has uncovered that birds living in cities not just are better at problem-solving and more skilled in tasks than those in the suburbs, but also have stronger
11、 immune(有免疫力的)systems!The research, headed by Audet, a PhD student at a university, examined the cognitive(认知的)abilities of city birds with those of their country cousins. The team did their study in Barbados because it needed a broad range of situations: from crowded modern cities to the countrysid
12、e. They began by catching some birds from various parts of the Caribbean Island. The birds were then given several tasks. Some tested their associative learning skills while others were to observe how creative they were at problem-solving. While country birds are also much braver, the city birds app
13、ear to be more careful when facing unfamiliar things.The results did not surprise the researchers. After all, birds living in cities and towns face many more challenges and dangers than those that live in the country. But as it turns out, the city birds prove to have better immunity and are therefor
14、e more resistant(有抵抗力的)to diseases than those living in the countryside. While additional studies need to be done to see if this is true for all city birds, there is no reason to believe that the results would be any different.Though this is the first time researchers have compared the cognitive abi
15、lities of birds living in different conditions, it is not the first study to examine the differences between city and country birds. Previous research has shown that blackbirds in cities are similarly more careful than country blackbirds, and that sparrows and blackbirds living in cities sing at a h
16、igher frequency to be heard over city noise and to make up for sound distortions(失真)caused by tall buildings. If only birds knew the advantages of living among humans, maybe more would move to cities!1.How are city birds different from country birds according to the research?A.City birds have a weak
17、er immune system because of air pollution.B.City birds are braver when facing unfamiliar things or situations.C.Country birds are less skilled at jobs requiring creation and skills.D.Country birds have a wider range of challenges to survive.2.What conclusion does the author think further studies wil
18、l draw?A.Country birds can be taught the advantages of living in cities.B.City birds are more resistant to diseases than country birds.C.City birds are more likely to get sick than country birds.D.Country birds are more careful in dangerous situations.3.Why do city birds sing at a higher frequency t
19、han country birds?A.Therere more dangers in cities for them.B.The birds live far away from each other.C.There are a wider range of situations.D.Theres too much noise in the city.4.What is the passage mainly about?A.Research into birds immune systems and learning power.B.City birds are smarter and he
20、althier than country birds.C.What a PhD student has done has surprised the world.D.The necessity and ways to move country birds to cities.BThe African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is very crucial to African ecosystems. Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great
21、 extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forests and savannas in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the envir
22、onment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbrush, and pulls branches off big tree trunks. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and the woodlands that cover p
23、art of the African savannas. In the meantime, in these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plant
24、s on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.What worries
25、scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant is wiped out, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forests and savannas, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem. 5.What is the passage mainly about?A.Disappe
26、arance of African elephants.B.Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.C.The effect of African elephants search for food.D.The eating habit of African elephants.6.What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A.Fixing the time.B.Worsening the sta
27、te.C.Improving the quality.D.Deciding the conditions.7.What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?A.They result from the destruction of rain forests.B.They provide food mainly for African elephants.C.They are home to many endangered animals.D.They are attractive to plant-eating animals of
28、different kinds.8.The passage is developed mainly by . A.showing the effects and then explaining the causesB.pointing out similarities and differencesC.describing the changes in space orderD.giving examples.七选五The earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of
29、natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If youre inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 1 Drop to the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking s
30、tops.You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If youre in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow. 2 Dont take shelter under a tree, streetlights or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay aw
31、ay from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse. 3If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Dont shout. 4 Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.Be prepared f
32、or aftershocks. 5 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.A.Dont move along or kick up dust.B.If youre outdoors, go to open space.C.Shouting can cause you to breathe i
33、n dust.D.Dont park your car under a tree or any tall objects.E.Keep hold of your cellphone in the building.F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.G.Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.参考答案基础过关练.1.crime2.suburbmit4.garbage5.restrict6.crucia
34、l7.urban.1.under construction2.amount to3.ran away4.in my way5.die from6.figure out7.fit in with8.have taken place.1.greedy考查形容词。句意:他是个贪婪的人,他爱黄金胜过世界上的任何其他东西。man是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填greedy。2.thieves考查名词复数。句意:我的朋友乔治在卧室读书的时候,两个小偷爬进了他的厨房。由空前的two可知此处应用名词复数,thief的复数形式是thieves。易错分析本题易错填为thiefs,主要原因是对以f/fe结尾的可数名词变
35、复数的规则不清楚,该规则是把f/fe变为v,再加-es。可以借助以下口诀掌握这些变化的词:小偷(thief)和妻子(wife)头戴叶子(leaf),拿着小刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf),走了一半(half),碰倒了架子(shelf)。但要注意:roof(屋顶)和proof(证据)两个词虽以f结尾,但其复数形式是在词尾直接加-s,而不是加-es。3.container考查名词。句意:将少量粉末放入容器中,将它与水混合。冠词a后应用名词。故填container。4.estimation考查名词。句意:事实上,第一组人对这名男子的身高的估计完全正确。形容词性物主代词their后应用名词。故填es
36、timation。5.appreciation考查名词。句意:该课程旨在提高孩子们对音乐表演的欣赏能力。childrens是名词所有格,修饰名词。故填appreciation。.1.With all the work finished2.had no choice but to admit3.It is estimated that4.Only then did I5.It was;who/that.1.that考查主语从句。句意:好像野生动物正在占领我们的城市。“It seems that.”是固定句式,其中It是形式主语,that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填that。2.develop
37、ment考查词性转换。句意:我们大多数人会认为城市的发展和气候变化是使动物们离开了它们的自然栖息地的原因。由空前的形容词urban可以判断,此处应该填名词。3.animals考查名词复数。句意:无论动物们去哪里,它们都会发现城镇挡着它们的去路。根据前面的they和后面的find可以判断此处应用名词复数。故填animals。4.to move考查固定句型。句意:由于没有别的地方安家,它们别无选择,只能搬来和我们一起住。have no choice but to do.意为“别无选择,只能做”。故填to move。5.increasingly考查副词。句意:随着我们的城市变得更绿,它们为寻找新栖息
38、地的动物提供了越来越有吸引力的空地。设空处修饰空后的形容词appealing,应用副词。故填increasingly。6.looking考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词作定语,修饰animals;look与其逻辑主语animals是主动关系。故填looking。7.their考查代词。句意:这些新来者常常在它们的新的城市生活中过得很滋润。lives是名词,应由形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。8.with考查固定短语。句意:有些动物甚至改变了它们的生活习惯,以适应它们的新家。根据句意可知,此处表示“适应”,应用短语fit in with。故填with。9.a考查冠词。句
39、意:不管它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式,我们更好地理解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居是重要的。have/get a better understanding of.意为“对有一个更好的理解”。故填a。10.to appreciate考查非谓语动词。在learn to do sth.结构中,动词不定式作宾语。故填to appreciate。能力提升练.A本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,与生活在乡村的鸟相比,生活在城市的鸟更能创造性地解决问题,具有更强的免疫力。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的birds living in cities.in the suburbs(生活在城市中的鸟不仅比那些在郊区的
40、鸟更擅长解决问题,在任务上更熟练)可知,在需要创造性和技能的事情方面,农村的鸟不如城市的鸟熟练。由第一段中的but also have stronger immune(有免疫力的)systems (它们也有更强的免疫系统)可知,A项“因为空气污染,城市的鸟的免疫系统更脆弱”与文意不符;由第二段最后一句While country.things. (尽管乡村的鸟也更勇敢,但是在面对不熟悉的事物时,城市的鸟显得更小心。)可知,B项“城市的鸟在面对不熟悉的事物或情况时更勇敢”也与文意不符;由第三段第二句After all.in the country. (毕竟,生活在城市中的鸟比那些生活在乡村的鸟面对
41、的挑战和危险更多。)可知D项“乡村的鸟为了生存有更广泛的挑战”不符合文意。故选C。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句While additional studies.any different. (虽然需要做额外的研究,看看这对于所有城市的鸟来说是否准确,但没有理由相信会有任何不同的结果。)可知,接下来的研究是要证明是否城市里的鸟都比乡村的鸟免疫力更强、抵抗疾病的能力更强。文章最后一句提及“如果鸟知道生活在人类中的好处,或许更多的鸟会迁到城市”的观点是以前研究的结论,且不是A项所说的“乡村的鸟可以被教会生活在城市的好处”;研究结果表明“城市的鸟免疫力更强”,所以C项“城市的鸟可能比乡村的鸟更
42、容易生病”不正确;D项“乡村的鸟在危险的情况下更小心”也与文意不符。故选B项。3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的sing at a higher frequency to be heard over city noise可知,城市里的鸟啼叫的频率更高才能压过城市噪音而被其他鸟听见。A项“城市对它们来说有更多的危险”、B项“城市的鸟彼此住得远”、C项“有更多的情况”均不是城市的鸟啼叫的频率更高的原因。故选D项。4.B主旨大意题。全文介绍了针对城市的鸟和乡村的鸟所做的研究,结果发现城市的鸟比乡村的鸟更能创造性地解决问题,且具有更强的免疫力。A项“对鸟类免疫系统和学习能力的研究”;C项“一位博士生所
43、做的事情使全世界惊讶”和D项“把乡村的鸟迁往城市的必要性和方法”都不是文章的主要内容。故选B项。B本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲象的重要作用。5.C主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是非洲象寻找食物的影响。A项“非洲象的消失”不符合文意;B项“作为非洲象栖息地的森林和热带草原”和D项“非洲象的饮食习惯”不是文章的主要内容。故选C。6.D词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知,非洲象影响它们居住的环境的发展,也决定了其他动物的生存条件。A项“确定时间”,B项“使情况更糟糕”和C项“改善质量”都不符合文意。故选D。7.D细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In the meantime, in these op
44、en spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.”可知,开放空间吸引了其他种类的食草动物。由第二段第二、三句“In its continuous search.the African savannas.”可知,开放空间出现的原因是非洲象觅食破坏树木和灌木,而不是A项“是由雨林的破坏造成的”;由第二段最后一句可知由于非洲象觅食造成的开放空间“吸引了很多其他食草动物”,所以B项“它们主要为非洲象提供食物”不正确;C项“它们是很多濒危动物的栖息
45、地”文章未提及。故选D。8.A推理判断题。本文主要是围绕非洲象的行为带来的具体影响以及这些影响的原因来展开叙述的。故选A项。.本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震发生时减少伤亡的方法。1.G根据空前“One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.”可知,地震发生时最危险的事情之一是试图离开一栋建筑物,与G项“大多数的伤害发生在建筑物内的人试图出来的时候。”相符,故选G。2.B根据空后“Dont take shelter under a tree, streetlight
46、s or tall buildings.”可知,不要在树下、街灯下或高楼下避难,与B项“如果你在户外,就去开阔的空地。”相符,故选B。3.D根据空前“If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse.”可知,如果你在开车,尽快停下来,而且要远离高架桥、建筑物、桥或者其他任何可能落下或坍塌的东西,与D项“不要把你的车停在树下或任何高的物体下面。”相符,故选D。4.C根据空前“Dont shout.”可知,不要大叫,与C项“大叫可能会让你吸入灰尘。”顺承,故选C。5.F根据空前“Be prepared for aftershocks.”可知,为余震做好准备,与F项“它们可能发生在地震后的前几个小时。”相符,故选F。
