1、第二部分语法精析专题一语法填空与短文改错题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空题型二关于名词、冠词和数词的短文改错第三节名词、冠词和数词增分训练考向分析考向分析热考点热考点语法填空:名词考查重点为单复数,变动词和形容词;冠词是考查热语法填空:名词考查重点为单复数,变动词和形容词;冠词是考查热点,多关注固定结构;数词考查较少。点,多关注固定结构;数词考查较少。短文改错:短文改错: 名词重点考查可数名词未用复数和不可数名词误用复数;名词重点考查可数名词未用复数和不可数名词误用复数;冠词的误用和漏用都要关注;数词考查基数词变化为序数词。冠词的误用和漏用都要关注;数词考查基数词变化为序数词。新考向新考向
2、2019全国卷中减少了对名词单复数的考查,加强了对名词变动词或形全国卷中减少了对名词单复数的考查,加强了对名词变动词或形容词的考查。容词的考查。PART 1题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空解析解析考查名词复数。根据设空前的修饰词考查名词复数。根据设空前的修饰词various可知,此处要用名词的复数可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。故填形式。故填activities。1.No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various_(activity) on Earth Day.(2019北京北京)activiti
3、es 考点一名词单复数 记牢标志词妥妥得分记牢标志词妥妥得分2.Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.(2018浙江浙江)dishes解析解析考查名词复数。考查名词复数。dish菜肴,为可数名词,中式菜肴有很多种,故此处用菜肴,为可数名词,中式菜肴有很多种,故此处用dish的复数形式。的复数形式。3.A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).(
4、2018全国全国)causes解析解析考查名词复数。考查名词复数。cause表示表示“原因,起因原因,起因”时是可数名词,前面有时是可数名词,前面有all,故填故填cause的复数形式。的复数形式。4.This trend,which was started by the medical community(医学界医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medica
5、l community was trying to fight.(2017全国全国)effects解析解析考查名词复数。考查名词复数。side effect副作用,由前面的副作用,由前面的some和下文中的两个例子和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词可知名词effect用复数形式用复数形式effects。5.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled t
6、o and from work.(2017全国全国)crowds解析解析考查名词复数。考查名词复数。crowd是可数名词,且前面没有限定词,故应用复数形式。是可数名词,且前面没有限定词,故应用复数形式。6.She has turned down several (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2017全国全国)invitations解析解析考查名词复数。考查名词复数。several表表“几个几个”,其后要用名词,其后要用名词invitation的复数形式。的复数形式。7.Last Oct
7、ober,while tending her garden in Mora,Sweden,Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small (carrot) and was about to throw them away.(2017浙江浙江)carrots解析解析考查名词复数。考查名词复数。a handful of一把,几个,后接可数名词的复数形式。一把,几个,后接可数名词的复数形式。a handful of carrots几个胡萝卜。几个胡萝卜。8.Recent (study) show that we are far more productive
8、at work if we take short breaks regularly.(2016全国全国)studies解析解析考查名词复数。根据后面的谓语动词考查名词复数。根据后面的谓语动词show,表示复数形式,故主语也,表示复数形式,故主语也应是复数形式。应是复数形式。技法指导技法指导提示词是名词,首先分析句子,确认不需要改变词性,就可以考虑用名词复数提示词是名词,首先分析句子,确认不需要改变词性,就可以考虑用名词复数形式。一些标志词可以快速确认。形式。一些标志词可以快速确认。1.修饰词修饰词one of名词复数。名词复数。大于大于2的基数词,的基数词,different,various,
9、many,these/those,few,a few,several,all,both,other,a (large) number of,a couple of,a dozen of,dozens of,a handful of 后用名词复数。后用名词复数。some后如果名词可数,要用复数。后如果名词可数,要用复数。2.谓语动词:如果所填的名词作主语,谓语动词是复数形式谓语动词:如果所填的名词作主语,谓语动词是复数形式are,were,have或或动词原形,则用名词复数。动词原形,则用名词复数。3.特殊的复数名词特殊的复数名词 belongings n.财产财产possessions n.财
10、产财产congratulations祝贺祝贺surroundings n.环境环境findings n.发现发现good/bad manners n.有礼貌有礼貌/没礼貌没礼貌take turns轮流轮流in all directions四面八方四面八方in ruins严重受损;破败不堪严重受损;破败不堪解析解析考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处为名词考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处为名词形式,故填形式,故填belief。1.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported inc
11、reases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a _(believe) that populations are increasing.(2019全国全国)belief 考点二高频考点 名词动词互换名词动词互换 名词变形容词名词变形容词2.We are so proud of her.Its (wonder).(2019全国全国)wonderful解析解析考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知,在系动词考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知,在系动词is之后应用形容词作之后应用形容词作表语,故填表语,故填wonderful。3
12、.When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch,together with the story behind it.(2019全国全国) competition解析解析考查名词。由空前的考查名词。由空前的an interesting可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填填competition。4.They also shared with us many (tradition) st
13、ories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.(2019全国全国)traditional解析解析考查形容词。空格处修饰名词考查形容词。空格处修饰名词stories,应用形容词,应用形容词,tradition的形容词的形容词形式为形式为traditional,故填,故填traditional。5.Other American studies showed no (connect) between uniforms and school performance.(2019浙江浙江)connection/connections解析
14、解析考查名词。考查名词。no是形容词,修饰名词,是形容词,修饰名词,connect的名词形式为的名词形式为connection表表示示“联系,关联联系,关联”,为可数名词,故填,为可数名词,故填connection/connections。6.School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain,but some schools are starting to get rid of them.(2019浙江浙江)traditional解析解析考查形容词。考查形容词。are是系动词,其后常用形容词作表语,是系动词,其后常用形容词作表语,tradition是名词,是
15、名词,“传统传统”的意思,因此,用其形容词形式。故填的意思,因此,用其形容词形式。故填traditional。7.Its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _(meaning) college experience.(2019北京北京)meaningful解析解析考查形容词。这里与前面的考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列,修饰后面的名词并列,修饰后面的名词college experience,故此处也要用形容词形式。故填,故此处也要用形容词形式。故填meaningful。8.Research
16、ers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh) problems.(2018浙江浙江)weight解析解析考查词形转换。此处应用名词作定语修饰考查词形转换。此处应用名词作定语修饰problems,weight problems意意为为“体重问题体重问题”。9.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to _(strength)
17、 your leg muscles(肌肉肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018全国全国)strengthen解析解析考查词性转换之名词变动词。此处不定式短语作目的状语,故填考查词性转换之名词变动词。此处不定式短语作目的状语,故填strength的动词形式的动词形式strengthen。10.Running is cheap,easy and its always (energy).(2018全国全国)energetic解析解析考查词性转换之名词变形容词。连系动词考查词性转换之名词变形容词。连系动词is后接形容词作表语,故填后接形容词作表
18、语,故填energy的形容词形式的形容词形式energetic。11.According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total _(globe) fertilizer consumption.(2018全国全国)global解析解析考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。修饰名词短语考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption应用形容词,名词应用形容词,名词globe的形容词形式是的形容词形式是global。12.My name is Mireya Mayor.Im a (s
19、cience) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018全国全国)scientist解析解析考查词形转换之名词构词法。由空后的考查词形转换之名词构词法。由空后的who可知,定语从句的先行词是可知,定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词。表示人的名词。scientist科学家。科学家。技法指导技法指导(一一)提示词是名词,首先分析句子,如需要改变词性,根据语境确认用哪种词性。提示词是名词,首先分析句子,如需要改变词性,根据语境确认用哪种词性。构词法构词法常见的词根词缀常见的词根词缀-en动词后缀动词后缀strengthstrengthen加强加
20、强frightfrighten使害怕使害怕lengthlengthen延长延长-fy 动词后缀动词后缀beautybeautify美化美化qualificationqualify使取得使取得(资格资格)classclassify分类分类-ize/-ise动词后缀动词后缀apologyapologiz(s)e道歉道歉memorymemorize记住记住常见形容词后缀常见形容词后缀sunsunny阳光充足的阳光充足的fogfoggy有雾的有雾的wealthwealthy富有的富有的healthhealthy健康的健康的noisenoisy吵闹的吵闹的名词名词-yadviseadvisable明智的
21、,可取的明智的,可取的comfortcomfortable舒服的舒服的acceptacceptable可接受的可接受的educationeducational有教育意义的有教育意义的seasonseasonal季节的季节的additionadditional附加的,额外的附加的,额外的accidentaccidental意外的意外的动词动词-able名词名词-alwoodwooden木制的木制的goldgolden金色的金色的differdifferent不同的不同的insistinsistent坚持的坚持的dependdependent依赖的依赖的foolfoolish愚蠢的愚蠢的selfs
22、elfish自私的自私的childchildish孩子气的孩子气的名词名词-en动词动词-ent名词名词-ishactactive积极的积极的impressimpressive印象深刻的印象深刻的powerpowerful强有力的强有力的peacepeaceful和平的和平的beautybeautiful美丽的美丽的wonderwonderful很棒的很棒的helphelpful有帮助的有帮助的动词动词-ive名词名词-fulhomehomeless无家可归的无家可归的hopehopeless绝望的绝望的helphelpless无助的无助的famefamous有名的有名的envyenvious
23、羡慕的羡慕的humorhumorous幽默的幽默的ambitionambitious有野心的有野心的cautioncautious谨慎的谨慎的名词名词-less( (-ful的反义的反义)名词名词-ousfriendfriendly友好的友好的orderorderly有秩序的有秩序的timetimely及时的及时的monthmonthly每月的每月的daydaily每天的每天的名词名词-lypromisepromising有前途的有前途的rewardrewarding值得的值得的lastlasting持续的持续的appealappealing吸引人的吸引人的inviteinviting诱人的诱
24、人的varietyvarious多种多样的多种多样的valuevaluable珍贵的珍贵的benefitbeneficial有益的有益的energyenergetic充满活力的充满活力的动词动词-ing构成的形容词构成的形容词特殊变化特殊变化名词以名词以-ce结尾,形容词以结尾,形容词以-t结尾结尾confidenceconfident自信的自信的 eleganceelegant优雅的优雅的 patiencepatient有耐心的有耐心的evidenceevident明显的明显的intelligenceintelligent有才智的,智能的有才智的,智能的violenceviolent暴力的,
25、剧烈的暴力的,剧烈的(二二)提示词是动词,首先分析句子并根据语境标志词确认是否需要填名词。提示词是动词,首先分析句子并根据语境标志词确认是否需要填名词。1.句子结构句子结构设空作主语,或者作及物动词、动词短语或介词的宾语,填名词。设空作主语,或者作及物动词、动词短语或介词的宾语,填名词。系动词之后,含义是系动词之后,含义是“什么什么”,用名词。,用名词。2.语境标志词语境标志词冠词冠词 (形容词形容词)名词。名词。形容词性物主代词、所有格、数词、量词、形容词之后,形容词性物主代词、所有格、数词、量词、形容词之后, 往往用名词。往往用名词。and/but/or 并列连词连接并列成分。并列连词连接
26、并列成分。3.动词变名词规律动词变名词规律常见的名词后缀常见的名词后缀-ness,-ment,-tion,-ance,-siondescribedescription描述描述 permitpermission允许允许applyapplication申请;应用申请;应用argueargument争论争论concludeconclusion结论结论dependdependence依赖依赖动词动词-al变成名词变成名词arrivearrival到达到达approveapproval批准;赞同批准;赞同withdrawwithdrawal撤回;取款撤回;取款disposedisposal处理处理pro
27、poseproposal建议;求婚建议;求婚survivesurvival幸存幸存1.Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.(2019全国全国)the解析解析考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已知的在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中个北极熊亚种群中”,故,故填填the。 考点三冠词 基本用法定江山基本用法定江山2.When we got a call sayi
28、ng she was short-listed,we thought it was _ joke.(2019全国全国)a解析解析考查冠词。根据句意考查冠词。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知,此处可知,此处joke为泛为泛指,且指,且joke的发音以辅音音素开头故填的发音以辅音音素开头故填a。3.Everybody wears same style of clothes.(2019浙江浙江)the解析解析句意为:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。句意为:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词,意思是是形容词,意思是“相同相同的的”,常与,常与the连用修饰名词。故填连用
29、修饰名词。故填the。4.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.(2018全国全国)the解析解析考查冠词。此处特指过去的考查冠词。此处特指过去的25年,故用定冠词年,故用定冠词the。5.Unexpectedly,Im face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at _top of her lungs.(2018全国全国)the解析解析考查冠词。考查冠词。at t
30、he top of ones lungs用最响亮的声音,放声大叫,为固用最响亮的声音,放声大叫,为固定搭配。定搭配。6.As result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.(2017全国全国)a解析解析考查固定搭配中的冠词。考查固定搭配中的冠词。as a result结果。结果。7.Instead,she is earning 6,500 a day as model in New York.(2017全国全国)a解析解析考查冠词。句意为:相反,她在纽约作为一名模特每天收入考查冠词。句
31、意为:相反,她在纽约作为一名模特每天收入6 500英镑。英镑。用不定冠词用不定冠词a表泛指。表泛指。8.For Pahlsson,its return was wonder.(2017浙江浙江)a解析解析考查冠词。考查冠词。a wonder一个奇迹。一个奇迹。技法指导技法指导1.定冠词定冠词the 上文提及,独一无二,普通名词构成的专有名词前,西洋乐器前,序数词前,上文提及,独一无二,普通名词构成的专有名词前,西洋乐器前,序数词前,最高级前,用定冠词最高级前,用定冠词the。含有修饰限定词的结构中含有修饰限定词的结构中“theadj.”表示一类人表示一类人the定语名词定语名词the名词定语从
32、句名词定语从句/非谓语作定语非谓语作定语the very/only名词名词the same2.泛指,表泛指,表“一个一个”用用a/an。往往没有修饰限定词,。往往没有修饰限定词,a/an(形容词形容词)单数可数单数可数名词名词首字母是元音字母,但发辅音,用冠词首字母是元音字母,但发辅音,用冠词a,如,如a university,auseful/usual/unique/united/European/one-eyed/one-way 名词名词以以u开头,但用开头,但用an(往往是往往是un-否定前缀否定前缀):anunusual/unhappy/unforgettable名词,名词,an um
33、brella雨伞雨伞首字母是辅音字母但发元音:首字母是辅音字母但发元音: an hour,an honor,anhonest名词名词3.固定搭配中的冠词固定搭配中的冠词定冠词定冠词thecatch/hit/takesb. 介介the身体部位,身体部位,in the 1990s,on the Internet,in/over/during the past days/months/years在过去的在过去的日日/月月/年,年,make the most/best of充分利用,充分利用,in the countryside在乡下,在乡下,be in the habit of有有的习的习惯,惯,a
34、t the same time同时,同时,at the top of在在的顶端,的顶端,for the time being暂时,暂时,the other daya few days ago几天前,几天前,on the way在途中,在途中,in the long term/run长远看来,长远看来,the more.,the more.句型句型不定冠词不定冠词a/anhave a good time玩得高兴,玩得高兴,make a living谋生,谋生,as a result因此,因此,for a while一会,一会,in a hurry匆忙地,匆忙地,in a word总之,总之,at
35、 a distance离一段距离,离一段距离,a waste of.浪费,浪费,a matter of.的问题,的问题,have a good knowledge of 精通;掌握,精通;掌握,make an apology道歉,道歉,pay a visit to拜访,拜访,keep an eye on照看;关注照看;关注抽象名词具体化:表示一个抽象名词具体化:表示一个的人的人/事事a success/pleasure/comfort/surprise/failureonefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefiftheighteighth,nineninth,twe
36、lvetwelfth,twentytwentieth,thirtythirtieth 考点四数词 基数词变成序数词的特殊变化基数词变成序数词的特殊变化PART 2题型二关于名词、冠词和数词的短文改错 考点一名词的数 可数用复数不可数没有复数可数用复数不可数没有复数1. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly.(2019全国全国)players解析解析考查名词的数。考查名词的数。“player(运动员运动员)”为可数名词,为可数名词,all(所有的所有的)后需要用后需要用player的复数形式。故将的复数形式。故将play
37、er改为改为players。2.Since I was a kid,Ive considered different job I would like to do.(2019全国全国)jobs解析解析考查名词的数。考查名词的数。“job(工作;职业工作;职业)”为可数名词,用为可数名词,用different(不同的不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作,应该用名词的复数形式。故将修饰时意思为不同种类的工作,应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为改为jobs。3.I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.(2019全国全国)citie
38、s解析解析考查名词的数。考查名词的数。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改改为为cities。4.Last winter when I went there again,they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.(2018全国全国)chickens解析解析考查名词的数。考查名词的数。dozens of许多,修饰可数名词复数。许多,修饰可数名词复数。5.After supper,we would play card games of all sort in the s
39、itting room.(2018全国全国)sorts解析解析考查名词的数。考查名词的数。all后跟可数名词复数。后跟可数名词复数。of all sorts各种各样的。各种各样的。6.The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks,and mistake as well.(2018全国全国)mistakes解析解析考查名词单复数。考查名词单复数。mistake是可数名词,且由是可数名词,且由textbooks可知此处所指的可知此处所指的“错误错误”不止一个,应用其复数形式。不止一个,
40、应用其复数形式。7.The instructor kept repeating the word,“Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!”(2017全国全国)words解析解析考查名词单复数。根据后面引号内的内容可知考查名词单复数。根据后面引号内的内容可知word应该用复数形式应该用复数形式words。8.Besides,they often get some useful informations from the Internet.(2017全国全国)information解析解析考查名词的数。考查名词的数。information是不可数名词,没有复数形式
41、。是不可数名词,没有复数形式。技法指导技法指导1.不可数名词不可数名词furniture家具家具information信息信息progress进步进步advice建议建议equipment设备设备knowledge知识知识homework家庭作业家庭作业housework家务活家务活wordnews消息消息luggage/baggage行李行李air空气空气space空地;空间空地;空间 room空间;余地空间;余地2.不用冠词不用冠词月月/季季/星期星期/节假节假(day构成构成)/洲洲/呼语呼语/头衔头衔/职务职务(作表语、补语、同位语时作表语、补语、同位语时)/三餐三餐/球类惯用语球类惯
42、用语/学科学科/棋类棋类与与by连用的交通工具前零冠词连用的交通工具前零冠词by sea,by car,by air固定词组固定词组at war在交战中在交战中in peace处于和平状态处于和平状态in good condition情况良好情况良好catch/lose sight of 看看(不不)到到do harm to对对有害有害in place 在恰当的位置在恰当的位置1.Suddenly football fell just in front of me and almost hit me.(2019全国全国)解析解析考查冠词。一般情况下,可数名词单数前需加限定词,考查冠词。一般情况
43、下,可数名词单数前需加限定词,football为可数为可数名词,且其发音以辅音音素开头,故需加不定冠词名词,且其发音以辅音音素开头,故需加不定冠词a,表示泛指。,表示泛指。 考点二冠词错用、多用或者漏用 基本用法定江山基本用法定江山 a2.Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.(2019全国全国)a解析解析考查冠词的用法。考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前,用在元音音素前,a用在辅音音素前。用在辅音音素前。unique的发的发音以辅音音素开头,其前应用音以辅音音素开头,其前应用a。故把。故把an改为改为
44、a。3.During my last winter holiday,I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.(2018全国全国)解析解析考查冠词。考查冠词。go to the countryside表示表示“去乡下去乡下”,是固定搭配。,是固定搭配。the4.As the kid,I loved to watch cartoons,but no matter how many times I asked to watch them,my parents would not let me.(2018全国全国)a解
45、析解析考查冠词。此处表示泛指而非特指。考查冠词。此处表示泛指而非特指。5.I still remember how hard first day was.(2017全国全国)解析解析词法错误。句意为:我仍然记得第一天有多艰难。表示第几天,序数词法错误。句意为:我仍然记得第一天有多艰难。表示第几天,序数词前要加定冠词词前要加定冠词the或者用限定词进行修饰。或者用限定词进行修饰。the或或my6.They live far from the school,and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.(2017
46、全国全国)an/one解析解析词法错误。词法错误。hour的发音以元音音素开头,前面要用不定冠词的发音以元音音素开头,前面要用不定冠词an。表示。表示“一个小时一个小时”可以用可以用an hour也可以用也可以用one hour。技法指导技法指导1.漏用定冠词漏用定冠词the 2.定冠词定冠词the 和不定冠词和不定冠词a/an的混用的混用3.有冠词和没有冠词含义有区别有冠词和没有冠词含义有区别in front of 在在前面前面(在范围之外在范围之外)/in the front of 在在前部前部(在范围之内在范围之内)in control of 控制控制/in the control of
47、被被控制控制in charge of 管理管理/in the charge of受受管理管理in word 口头上口头上/in a word 总而言之总而言之take place 发生发生/take the place of 代替代替out of questionbeyond question毫无疑问毫无疑问/out of the questionimpossible 不可能不可能by day在白天在白天/by the day 按天计算按天计算in possession of sth. 拥有某物拥有某物/in the possession of sb. 为某人所拥有为某人所拥有in place
48、 of 代替代替/in the place of 在在地方地方1.To everyones surprising,the ball went into the net.(2019全国全国)解析解析考查固定搭配。考查固定搭配。to ones surprise意为意为“使某人惊讶的是使某人惊讶的是”。故将。故将surprising改为改为surprise。考点三名词所有格和数词surprise2.Then,when I was in the five grade,I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher very muc
49、h.(2019全国全国)fifth解析解析考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的,所以考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的,所以“在几年级在几年级”中中的数词需要用序数词,前面要有定冠词。故将的数词需要用序数词,前面要有定冠词。故将five改为改为fifth。3.When I was little,Fridays night was our family game night.(2018全国全国)Friday解析解析考查名词作定语。考查名词作定语。Friday morning/afternoon/night星期五的上午星期五的上午/下午下午/晚上。晚上。4.In the summer h
50、oliday following my eighteen birthday,I took driving lessons.(2017全国全国)eighteenth解析解析考查序数词。表达多少岁生日用序数词,因此考查序数词。表达多少岁生日用序数词,因此eighteen应该改为应该改为eighteenth。技法指导技法指导1.名词所有格表示和名词之间的所属关系;构成名词所有格表示和名词之间的所属关系;构成“ones名词名词”结构。结构。2.名词作定语修饰另外一个名词,表示材料、类别或用途。名词作定语修饰另外一个名词,表示材料、类别或用途。3.表示顺序或等级,用序数词。表示顺序或等级,用序数词。4.