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65 Additional Material Additional Material Unit 5, Section B, activity 4 MONDAY Daytime: school Evening: study for English test TUESDAY Daytime: school WEDNESDAY Daytime: school Evening: cousin,s birthday party THURSDAY Daytime: school Evening: go to a movie with Sally FRIDAY Daytime: school Evening: look af er my cousin SATURDAY Af ernoon: go to the dentist Evening: do homework SUNDAY Morning: piano lesson Evening: help parents Student B,s Calendar 66 Pronunciation Pronunciation Unit 1 Do you want to watch a game show? 1. Listen and read. Notice the linking. 1. A: What do you think of the news on CCTV 9? B: I like watching the English news. I watch it every night. A: Why? B: Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world. 2. Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular. One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger. 2. Listen and read. Notice the linking. 1. Teacher: Maria, please point to America on the map. Maria: This is it. Teacher: Well done. Now class, who found America? Class: Maria did. 2. A very drunk (醉酒的) man comes out of the bar and sees another very drunk man. He looks up in the sky and says, “Is that the sun or the moon?” The other drunk man answers, “I don’t know. I’m a stranger here myself.” Unit 2 I’m going to study computer science. Listen and read. Notice how the weak words are pronounced. 1. A: What do you want to be when you grow up? B: I want to be a basketball player. A: How are you going to do that? B: I’m going to practice basketball every day. 2. Daughter: Can I play the piano now, mom? Mom: Yes. But wash your hands first. They’re dirty. Daughter: Oh, mom. I’ll only play on the black notes (黑键). 67 Pronunciation 3. Mary: John says I’m pretty. Andy says I’m ugly. What do you think, Peter? Peter: I think you’re pretty ugly. Unit 3 Will people have robots? 1. Listen and read. Notice the change in stress. 1. People will live to be 200 years old. People won’t live to be 200 years old. 2. There will be robots in people’s homes. There won’t be any robots in people’s homes. 3. You should use the subways more. You shouldn’t use the subways more. 2. Listen and read. Notice the incomplete explosion. 1. New robots will have many differen(t) shapes. Some will loo(k) like humans and others migh(t) loo(k) li(ke) snakes. If buildings fall down with people inside, a sna(ke) robot coul(d) hel(p) loo(k) for people under the buildings. 2. One day, a man walked into a shop an(d) saw a cu(te) little dog. He ask(ed) the boy besi(de) the dog, “Does your do(g) bite?” “No,” sai(d) the boy. The man tri(ed) to pe(t) the dog an(d) the do(g) bi(t) him. “Ouch!” he shouted. “I thought you said your do(g) does no(t) bite!” “He doesn’t,” answer(ed) the boy, “bu(t) that’s no(t) my dog.” Unit 4 How do you make a banana milk shake? Listen and read. Notice the intonation and pauses between sense groups. Anna: Sam,｜I want to make Russian soup｜for a party on Saturday.｜Can you tell me how? Sam: Sure. First,｜buy some beef, one cabbage, four carrots, three potatoes, five tomatoes and one onion. Then,｜cut up the vegetables. Anna: What’s next? Sam: Next,｜put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot｜and add some water. After that,｜cook them for 30 minutes. Then,｜add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion｜and cook for another 10 minutes. Anna: OK,｜that’s it? Sam: No, one more thing. Finally,｜don’t forget to add some salt. 68 Pronunciation Unit 5 Can you come to my party? Listen and read. Notice the difference in stress and meaning of the same sentence. 1. I can go to the surprise party on Saturday. (not somebody else) 2. I can go to the surprise party on Saturday. (I am able to) 3. I can go to the surprise party on Saturday. (not do something else) 4. I can go to the surprise party on Saturday. (not somewhere else) 5. I can go to the surprise party on Saturday. (not on another day) Unit 6 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time! 1. Listen and read. Notice the linking, stress, intonation and pauses. “It is best｜not to run away from our problems.｜We should always try to solve them.”｜He thinks｜the first step｜is to find someone we trust to talk to.｜This person doesn’t need to be an expert like him self.｜Students often forget｜that their parents have more experience than them,｜and are always there to help them.｜In English,｜we say that sharing a problem｜ is like cutting it in half.｜So you’re halfway to solving a problem｜just by talking to someone about it! 2. Listen and read. Notice the stress. 1. If you run after two hares (野兔), you will catch neither. 2. If you give a man a fish, he eats for a day. If you teach a man to fish, he can always eat. 3. If we cannot get what we like, we have to like what we can get. 4. If money is not your servant, it will be your master. Unit 7 What’s the matter? Listen and read. Notice the stress. 1. A: Classes finish on the sixteenth. B: No, I think they finish on the fifteenth. 2. A: The keys are on the desk. B: No, they’re in the desk. 3. A: But we asked for two teas! B: Well, I thought you wanted coffee. 4. A: But we asked for two teas! B: Well, I thought you wanted one. 69 Pronunciation 5. A: He can write well. B: He can, but he doesn’t. He’s too lazy. Unit 8 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Listen to the same rhyme four times. It is read with a different emotion (happiness, surprise, sadness, anger) each time. Notice the intonation. London Bridge is falling down, Falling down, falling down. London Bridge is falling down, My fair lady. 70 Grammar Grammar I. 动词 (Verbs) （IV） 1. 动词的种类 (Kinds of Verbs) 类 别说 明例 句 行为动词 Action Verbs 表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓 语。 She has a new friend from Australia. He takes the train every day. We leave for school at around seven. 连系动词 Linking Verbs 不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构 成谓语。 He is popular in school. Twins usually look the same. Trees turn green in spring. 助动词 Auxiliary Verbs 不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一 起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问、时态 或其他语法形式。 I don’t want to go for a drive. (否定) We are playing basketball. (进行时态) Do you like tomatoes? (疑问) 情态动词 Modal Verbs 不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一 起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情 态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 She can speak a little English. I think you should go to college. Can you come to my party? 2. 一般将来时（Simple Future Tense） 一般将来时由“助动词+动词原形”构成，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的 状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow， next week，next year，in the future等。例如： We will come to see you next week. In the future, there will be less fresh water. Will people use money in 100 years? How will the world be different in the future? 注： 1) 在口语中，will常缩略为’ll，will not常缩略为won’t /wnt/。 2) 在表示“带意愿色彩的将来”时，常用助动词will。例如：I will tell you all about it. 3) 在疑问句中，主语为第一人称（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。例如：When shall we have the party? 4) 在书面语中，主语为第一人称（I和we）时，也常用助动词shall。例如：I 71 Grammar shall write you a letter next month. 但在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。 5) “be going to + 动词原形”也可以表示将要发生的动作或安排，或打算、计划、 决定要做的事。例如： The Smiths are going to see a Peking opera this evening. They’re going to play volleyball next week. I’m going to study medicine at a university. Where are you going to work? 3. 动词不定式 (Infinitive) 1) 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形” ，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有 人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的 宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如：to read the newspaper， to speak at the meeting 等。 2) 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾 语补足语、定语和状语等。 3) 动词不定式的否定形式由“not ＋动词不定式”构成。例如： Tell him not to be late. The policeman told the boys not to play in the street. 4) 动词不定式可以和what，which，how，where，when 等连用。例如： Nobody told us what to do next. I don’t know where to go. He showed me how to use the new mobile phone. The question is when to start. 5) 不带to 的情况 有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to。这种动词有两类：一类是感官动 词，如see，hear，watch，feel，notice 等。例如： I saw the teacher get out. 句法作用例 句 作宾语 She wanted to become a teacher. He is learning to swim. 作状语 He went to the library to borrow some books. I’m glad to see you. 作宾语补足语 She asked me to speak louder. Could you ask the bus driver to wait for five minutes? 72 Grammar 类 别构 成例 句 简单句 The Simple Sentence 由一个主语（或并列主 语）和一个谓语（或并 列谓语）构成的句子。 I get up at six in the morning. My mother and I often go shopping. Some students walk or ride bikes to school. I heard the birds sing. 另一类是使役动词，如let，make，have 等。如： Let me go! They made the children work 12 hours a day. II. 反身代词（Reflexive Pronouns） 表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性 物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式，词尾加self或selves 组成。反身代词可译为“本 人” 、 “本身” ，为加强语气，也常译为“亲自” 、 “自己” 。请见下表： 人 称 数 第一人称第二人称第三人称 单 数myselfyourself himself herself itself 复 数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves 反身代词的用法如下表： 句法作用例 句 宾 语 The child can dress himself. 这孩子能自己穿衣服了。 Take good care of yourself. 好好照顾你自己。 But the driver didn’t think about himself. 但是司机并没有为自己着想。 主语或宾语的 同位语 Mrs Black herself is a lawyer. 布莱克太太本人就是一名律师。 You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好问司机本人。 表 语 That’s myself. 那就是我自己。 Mary is not quite herself recently. 玛丽近来感到不适。 V . 句子的类型 (Types of Sentences) 1. 句子按其结构可分为以下几种类型： 73 Grammar 2. 简单句的五种基本句型（Five Kinds of Simple Sentences） 类 别 谓语部分 Predicate 主语 Subject (S) 谓语动词 Verb (V) 表语 Predicative (P) 宾语 Object (O) 宾语补足语 Object Complement (OC) 第1 种 S+V We exercise. (不及物动词) 第2 种 S+V+O I like (及物动词) bananas. 第3 种 S+V+P They are (系动词) students. 第4 种 S+V+indirect O+direct O She gave (及物动词) me a pen. (间接 (直接 宾语) 宾语) 第5 种 S+V+O+OC He made (及物动词) the boylaugh. 类 别构 成例 句 并列句 The Compound Sentence 由并列连词（and，so， but，or等）把两个或 两个以上的简单句连在 一起而构成的句子。 She doesn’t like science, and she thinks it is boring. Ed has a great sports collection, but he doesn’t play sports. School starts at eight, so I get up at six thirty. 复合句 The Complex Sentence 由一个主句和一个或一 个以上的从句构成的句 子。 What do you want to be when you grow up? I think Screen City has the most comfortable seats.
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