1、Chemical versus organic farmingPeriod 5Unit 5 Working the Land选择性必修一选择性必修一 人教版（人教版（2019）He is spraying pesticide What are they doing？He is using organic fertilizer Lead-inLead-inHe is fertilizing the soil What is chemical farming?Lead-inLead-inChemical farming is farming using chemical pesticides an
2、d artificial fertilizersWhat is organic farming?Lead-inLead-inOrganic farming is not pesticide, fertilizer, and other synthetic growth agents of production, but use manure for fertilizer and other organic fertilizers.Reading 3. widespread adj. Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been
3、 in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the la
4、nd and peoples health. para.11. chemical pesticides 2. artificial fertilisersQuestion Time Read the text and answer the following questions. 1. Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming? Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop diseases and increase production.
5、 Paragraph1 细节理解细节理解Question Time Read the text and answer the following questions. 2. What concerns many people about the use of pesticides? Their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples health. Paragraph1 细节理解细节理解Reading6. in turn For example, pesticides can damage the land by k
6、illing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals
7、may make them ill and even cause cancer. para.24. bacteria 5. digestReadingIn fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in n
8、utrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.8. nutrition n. 9. essential adj.para.2prohibit v.mineral n. ReadingAs an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many cu
9、stomers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser
10、. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.para.3vocabulary11.alternative n/adj. 12. grocery 13. free of Question Time Read the text and answer the following questions. 3. What is one problem with the use of chemical fert
11、ilizers? Crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. Paragraph2 细节理解细节理解4. How is organic farming different from chemical farming? Paragraph3 细节理解细节理解Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of d
12、isease through natural means. ReadingOrganic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown i
13、s because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. para. 4vocabulary14. instance n. for instance 15. , making it ready for the next batch of crops.V-ing 做结果状语（自然而然的结果）做结果状语（自然而然的结果）Reading Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use differe
14、nt depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example peanuts grow on the grounds surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to peoples health.16. depth n. 17. root n. put
15、down deep rootspara. 4Question Time Read the text and answer the following questions. 5. Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in a field every year? Different crops are grown because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Paragr
16、aph4 推理判断推理判断Question Time Read the text and answer the following questions. 6. What is the goal of using organic farming methods? Do you think it can be reached? Why or why not? 1）The goal of using organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to peoples h
17、ealth.2） Yes, I think this goal can be reached. Peoples awareness of eating organic foods is increasing. And farmers worked for centuries without using any kinds of chemicals and without harming the environment, and the food they produced was just fine. Paragraph4 细节理解细节理解+观点态度观点态度Reading Some peopl
18、e would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suita
19、ble solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.vocabulary18. entirely adv. 19. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.what引导主语从句，在从句中引导主语从句，在从句中做主语；做主
20、语；that引导同位语从句，引导同位语从句，是是the fact的同位语。的同位语。para. 5Question Time Read the text and answer the following questions. 7. Why could some people not choose but use man-made chemicals in agriculture？ Because chemical farming still serves the high demand for food around the world and organic farming is nowhe
21、re near able to meet the need.Paragraph5 细节理解细节理解Reading Read the passage carefully and complete the sentences in the table.KindDetailChemical farmingAdvantages: a great way toDisadvantages : killaffectOrganic farmingAdvantages: The soil is rich in Keep free of chemicals Avoid damage to Disadvantage
22、s :The writers viewfight crops disease andincrease production.helpful bacteria and insectscrops, animals and people mineralsthe air , soil , water , and crops the environment or to peoples healthnowhere near able to meet the need.There is still a long way to find a suitable solution Group showMatch
23、the main ideas (A-D) below with the paragraphs. Paragraph Main idea 1-2 3 4 5A What organic farming is B Why man-made chemicals are still used in farmingC Organic methods for producing rich soil D The problems with chemical farmingDACBGroup show Complete the sentences in the table.ParagraphDetail1-2
24、Pesticides can kill helpful .Some pesticides have been because of the .Crops grown with chemical fertilisers usually to be full of .3Many organic farmers use as fertiliser.bacteria and insects prohibiteddamage they causenatural waste from animalsgrow too fastnutritionGroup showComplete the sentences
25、 in the table.ParagraphDetail4They often grown in each field .They also plant crops that use of the soil to help keep it rich.5Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the high .change the kind of cropevery yeardifferent depthsdemand for food around the worldStudyadj.完全必要的完全必要的;极其重要的极其重要的Water i
26、s essential to life, so we should save water.对对很重要很重要be essential to/for It is essential that.(should) do. 做做是完全必要的是完全必要的It is essential for sb to do. 对某人来说做对某人来说做是完全必要的是完全必要的Study1）对于这份工作对于这份工作，耐心，耐心是非常重要的。是非常重要的。Patience is essential for this job.It is essential that effective measures be taken to
27、 protect our environment.2）有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们的有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们的环境。环境。When we learn a language , it is essential for us to learn vocabulary. 3）当我们学某种语言时，我们有必要学词汇。）当我们学某种语言时，我们有必要学词汇。Studyn可供选择的事物可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的可供替代的；非传统的He has the alternative of going to college or working.的替代品的替代品an alternative t
28、ohave no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事别无选择只好做某事have the alternative of doing sth有做某事的选择有做某事的选择Study1 1）由于疫情封锁（）由于疫情封锁（ coronavirus lockdown ），他除了居家别无选择），他除了居家别无选择。Due to the coronavirus lockdown, he has no alternative but to stay at home.We have the alternative plans of having a picnic or climb
29、ing a hill.2 2）我们在去野餐或者去我们在去野餐或者去爬山爬山两个计划中只能选一样两个计划中只能选一样。As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming. 3 3）作为一种选择作为一种选择, ,一些农民已经转向有机农业一些农民已经转向有机农业。Study为什么要种植不同的作物为什么要种植不同的作物, ,是因为他们把重要的矿物质放回地里是因为他们把重要的矿物质放回地里, ,让它再让它再次为下一批作物做准备。次为下一批作物做准备。Why different crops are grown is becaus
30、e they put important minerals back into the ground , making it ready again for the next batch of crops.动词动词- -inging形式短语做结果状语形式短语做结果状语表示自然而然表示自然而然的结果的结果，常用逗号与主句隔开常用逗号与主句隔开, ,有时在其前加副词有时在其前加副词thus;thus;动词不定式做结果状语往往表示出乎意料的结果动词不定式做结果状语往往表示出乎意料的结果或不好的结果或不好的结果, ,其其前常加前常加onlyonly。动词动词- -inging形式短语做结果状语。形式短
31、语做结果状语。Study1）他跑到火车站他跑到火车站,却发现火车已开走了却发现火车已开走了。He ran to the station , only to find the train had left. The car was caught in a traffic jam , thus causing the delay.2）这辆车遇到了交通堵塞这辆车遇到了交通堵塞,结果晚点了结果晚点了。The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. 3）近期这个
32、医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。Group workDiscuss the advantages and disadvantages of chemical farming and organic farming. And tell which one you prefer and why.Tips: Chemical farmingAdvantages: fight crop diseases, increase production (serve the high demand for food around the wo
33、rld)Disadvantages: 1)pesticide can harm land and peoples health, kill helpful bacteria and insects and stay for a long time and affect crops, animals and people 2)chemical fertilizer are not rich in nutrition and have less flavorGroup workDiscuss the advantages and disadvantages of chemical farming
34、and organic farming. And tell which one you prefer and why.Tips: Organic farmingAdvantages: keep soil rich and free from disease through natural meansDetails: natural waste from animals as fertilizerchange the kind of crop in each field every yearplant diverse crops using different depths of soilDis
35、advantages: unable to serve the high demand for food aroundthe worldGroup workWrite an short passage to show whether you support chemical farming or organic farming. (Following the format of an argumentative essay. Topic sentence: In my opinion, farming is preferable to farming because .Point 1: . (
36、Detail) .Point 2: . (Detail) . Point 3: . (Detail) .Conclusion: .Group workDiscuss the difference between traditional agriculture and modern agriculture. And tell which one you prefer and why. TopicThe difference between traditional agriculture and modern agricultureTenseThe simple present tenseOutl
37、ineP1 Your opinionP2 Compare the differenceP3 ConclusionGroup workDiscuss the difference between traditional agriculture and modern agriculture. And tell which one you prefer and why. Key wordsoutput working efficiency fertilisers pesticides environmentKey sentencesIn my opinion, is preferable to .m
38、ost farmers grow crops with the help of modern machines instead of planting crops with their hands. In a word .HighlightsWhats more, the output and working efficiency are also improved greatly, which contributes a lot to social-economic development. Group showExchange your draft with a partner. Use
39、the checklist to help you review your partners draft. Share your essay with the rest of the class.GroupsAchievementsGroup1Group2Group3Group4Group showIn my opinion, modern agriculture is preferable to traditional agriculture. First of all, nowadays most farmers grow crops with the help of modern mac
40、hines instead of planting crops with their hands. As a result, modern farmers no longer need to work so hard as before. Whats more, the output and working efficiency are also improved greatly, which contributes a lot to social-economic development. Although the fertilisers and pesticides used in mod
41、ern agriculture have destroyed the environment badly, experts are making efforts to get rid of them and paying more attention to the plant nutrition and protection. In a word，I am in favor of modern agriculture. One possible version：Exercise1. Sun and water are essential the growth of crops.2.It is
42、essential that you (learn) Chinese history. 4.I had no alternative but (accept) the offer.3.By 1921,however,peanut had become a real alternative cotton. 5. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, （make） air conditioning unnecessary. to/for(should) learntoto acceptmakingSummaryWeve learned the following in the class：HomeworkUse what you have learned to write an introduction chemical farming and organic farming. And tell which one you prefer and why.（80-120词左右）词左右）
