1、第1页共 3页三 峡 大 学2015年研究生入学考试试题(B卷)科目代码： 科目名称： 考试时间为3小时，卷面总分为150分答案必须写在答题纸上I. Fill in the gaps (20*1=20)1. In his article Linguistics and Poetics (1960), Jakobson established a well-known framework of language functions based on six key elements of communication, namely: referential, poetic, emotive, c
2、ognitive, phatic, and _ function.2. _ studies how speech sounds are actually made, transimitted and received, the description and classification of speech sounds, words and connected speech, etc.3. _ studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the sha
3、pe of syllables.4. Syntax is about principles of forming and understanding correct English _.5. The type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as _6. Pragmatics regards speech _ as primarily a social ac
4、t ruled by various social conventions. 7. Sociolinguistics is an umbrella term which covers a variety of different interests in language and _, including the social functions of language and the social characteristics of its users.8. Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field which cent
5、ers around the use of _to process or produce human/natural language.9. Saussures _ linguistics is the study of a language through the course of its history.10. A basic distinction can be made between consonants and _ in the description of sound segments.第 2 页11. The _ syllabus is a grammar oriented
6、syllabus based on a selection of language items and structures.12. _ is an interdisciplinary study of language and psychology.13. Ogden and Richards in The Meaning of Meaning proposed a theory which explicitly employs the notion concept is the _ triangle.14. Endocentric construction is one whose dis
7、tribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e. a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or _.15. A _ schema is an image schema that involves a physical or metaphorical boundary, enclosed area or volume, or excluded area or volume.16. Conjo
8、ining refers to the process where one clause is _ with another.17. The procedure of error analysis consists of the following steps: recognition, description, and _. 18. _ involves the comparison of two concepts in that one is construed in terms of the other. Its often described in terms of a _ domai
9、n and a _ domain.19. _ style looks closely at how linguistic choices help to construct textual meaning.20. _ is the smallest component of meaning.II. True or false? (10*1=10)1. Langue is not complete in any speaker but exists perfectly only within a collectivity.2. Synonymy is the technical name for
10、 the sameness relation.3. Metaphor involves the comparison of two concepts in that one is construed in terms of the other.4. Traditionally, word is the minimum part of language that expresses a complete thought.5. Modern linguistics began from the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, who is often d
11、escribed as “father of modern linguistics” and “ a master of a discipline which he made modern”.6. Im feeling up is an orientational metaphor.7. Word is the smallest unit of language in terms of the relationship between expression and content.8. Not all mono-morphemic words are free morphemes.9. The
12、 theory of meaning which relates the meaning of a word to the thing it refers to, or stands for, is known as the referential theory.第 3 页10. The term of stream of consciousness writing describes the free association of ideas and impressions in the mind.III. Define the following terms (10*3=30)1. Com
13、petence vs. performance2. Generative grammar3. PragmaticsIV. Answer the following questions. (10*4=40)1. What do you think of the value of image schemas for English education?2. Could you discuss some trends in syllabus design?3. Can you name some types of corpora in terms of function? Please also e
14、xplain what they are.4. How do you see the importance of understanding cross-cultural communication?V. Write an essay: Youre expected to write a 500-word essay based on the following topic and drawing on what youve learned about linguistics and discuss the following issue. (50)What implications can you get from the study of language for English education in China?
