1、山东省部分市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编阅读理解专题山东省临沂市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFrom human bias (偏见) to the science of breathing, and the wonderful world of mushrooms, here are four page-turners for science lovers. The four books delve into a wonderfu
2、lly wide range of topics, covering breathing, mystery illnesses, bias, and even the magical world of mushrooms. Read on to find out why theyre four of the most interesting non-fiction books of the year 2021!Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art by James NestorHow conscious are you of your own breath
3、ing? Reading this could change that forever, offering facts on our breathing, and how even the smallest of changes can have great health benefits. The End of Bias: How We Change Our Minds by Jessica NordellJournalist and author Jessica Nordell looks at unconscious bias, weaving fascinating stories a
4、nd offering real-life solutions to some problems in our own society. From issues within the police force to how we teach children under five, this book will leave you with a whole new outlook on how to tackle the issue of bias. The Sleeping Beauties: And Other Stories of Mystery Illness by Suzanne O
5、 SullivanTwo cases look at children who fall asleep for years at a time and many employees experiencing memory loss at the US Embassy in Cuba. OSullivan travels the world to get to the bottom of these strange incidents. Entangled Life: How Fungi Make Our Worlds by Merlin SheldrakeYouve probably neve
6、r given much thought to mushrooms, but biologist Merlin Sheldrake makes this exploration into the world of fungi feel like reading a science fiction novel. The book takes you on a literal deep dive under the Earths surface, within our own bodies and even into outer space to discover a massively dive
7、rse kingdom of organisms, which sustain nearly all living things.1. Which topic is mentioned in these books?A. Common diseases.B. The exploration of mushrooms.C. Breathing illnesses.D. Science and magics.2. What do we know about The End of Bias according to the passage?A. It is written by James Nest
8、or.B. It is related to conscious bias.C. It tells us how to teach children under six.D. It refers to how to deal with bias in our society.3. Whats the purpose of the passage?A. To advertise these books.B. To tell readers how to buy these books.C. To tell readers how to read these books.D. To give a
9、brief introduction of these books.BQian Hongyan waited on the starting block, supporting herself using her hands and torso(躯干). When the starting signal sounded, Qian pushed herself in. She won the silver medal in the womens 100-meter breaststroke(蛙泳) SB5 final in the 11th National Games for Persons
10、 with Disabilities held in Xian, Shaanxi province in 2021. Qian, from Luliang of Yunnan province, had both of her legs cut off after getting into an accident in 2000 when she was 4 years old. Her family were extremely poor. With little resources available, her grandfather cut up an old basketball to
11、 replace her lower body. Since then, she became well-known for moving around while balanced on an orange ball, earning her the nickname “basketball girl”. Qians passion for swimming dates back to 2007, when she was invited by the local disabled peoples federation to watch the 2008 National Paralympi
12、c Games in Kunming, capital of Yunnan. At 11 years old, she joined the provincial swimming team for people with disabilities. However, without legs, it was difficult for Qian to keep her balance in water. “Swimming without legs is like rowing a boat without a rudder(船舵). I tended to swing due to a p
13、oor sense of direction.” Qian said. To help her overcome the difficulty, her coach designed a special training plan for her. Every day, she practiced for at least four hours. She made great efforts to enhance her arm strength and balance. In 2009, she won three gold medals in the provincial contests
14、 in Yunnan, as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events. In 2014, she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games. In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games, she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke. Qians journey to create a future for he
15、rself, despite losing both legs in a tragic accident, has become the story that inspired thousands of disabled people in China.4. How did Qian earn her the nickname “basketball girl”?A. She liked playing basketball.B. She had no legs like a basketball.C. She kept balanced on an old basketball.D. She
16、 got into an accident when playing basketball.5. What made Qian become interested in swimming?A. She received a special training plan.B. She joined the provincial swimming team.C. She tended to swing with a poor sense of direction.D. She was invited to watch the 2008 National Paralympic Games.6. Wha
17、t does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Qian?A. Her efforts.B. Her skills.C. Her achievements.D. Her influences.7. What can we learn from Qians story?A. Painstaking efforts pay off.B. Help cures disabilities.C. Disabilities lead to success.D. Love helps the disabledCUnder the background of the slow
18、growth of its total population to 1.44 billion, China has seen a sharp rise in older adults over the past decade, solidifying the countrys rapidly aging pattern, the latest national census (人口普查) data shows. The population on the Chinese mainland increased by an average of 0.53 percent annually duri
19、ng the past 10 years to 1.41 billion, compared with an annual growth rate of 0.57 percent from 2000 to 2010, according to the 7th national census published by the National Bureau of Statistics. “The growth of the total population has slowed down but remains at a steady pace,” Ning Jizhe, head of the
20、 bureau, said at a news conference. “Based on trends in recent years, Chinas population will grow at an increasingly slow rate in the future while remaining above 1.4 billion.” The increasing elderly population has become a defining feature of the past decade. Ning said an aging society will set the
21、 tone for Chinas population structure for a long time, presenting challenges and opportunities. “A graying population will pile pressure on supply of labor force and social services, as well as adding to families elderly care burden. But more elderly people could also motivate consumption of product
22、s and services targeting this age group, and advance the development of some technologies,” he said. Ning added that those between the ages of 60 and 69, who are equipped with knowledge, experience and skills and are generally in good health, make up nearly 56 percent of all older adults. “Their pot
23、ential to continue making contributions to society and playing a constructive role is big,” he responded to a question on the outlook for raising the retirement age and carrying out other potential measures aimed at addressing the aging trend. Some population economists also said the latest number a
24、nd proportion (比例) of elderly are largely within predictions, and the aging trend will continue for a long time.8. What does the 7th national census data show?A. The aging population of China has risen rapidly.B. The annual growth rate has increased by 0.04%.C. The annual growth rate was 0.57% durin
25、g the past 10 years.D. The total population of Chinese mainland increased to 1.44 billion.9. What does Ning Jizhe say about the growth of graying population?A. It is beyond predictions.B. It brings few advantages.C. It has sharply slowed down.D. It will increase pressure on family.10. What is Ning J
26、izhes attitude to the graying population?A. Objective.B. Doubtful.C. Unclear.D. Negative.11. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. The aging trend brings problemsB. An aging society presents opportunitiesC. Chinas population gets old as growth slowsD. Measures are to be taken to tackle the
27、 aging trendDChinas digital currency may be worlds first. According to Xinhua Newspaper, China may issue the worlds first central bank digital currency (CBDC) to cut the costs of circulating traditional paper money and boost policy makers control of money supply. The CBDC is a new form of money issu
28、ed digitally by the central bank and serves as legal currency. The to-be-issued currency could be put into electronic wallets to support direct and peer-to-peer transactions (对等交易). The “wallet” could be an app on a smartphone, but the final design has not yet been settled. At the beginning stage, t
29、he CBDC is for domestic use only. In the future, it is designed to adopt the same exchange rate as physical money, but the international transaction system will be much more complex. If China successfully issued the worlds first CBDC, it will motivate other countries to make relevant studies and joi
30、n the competition of creating CBDC, said Huang Yiping, director of the Institute of Digital Finance at Peking University. As some officials said, the CBDC will replace bank notes and coins, or the cash in circulation and it is designed for retail (零售) payments at the early stage. In other countries,
31、 many central banks have begun planning to issue their own digital currencies. The Bank for International Settlements, a club of central banks, last month said it expects one-fifth of the worlds population will have access to a CBDC by 2024. China is the clear frontrunner. On February 17th it ended
32、the third big test of its digital currency, handing out 10 million yuan to 50,000 shoppers in Beijing. It has announced a joint venture (合资企业) with SWIFT, an interbank-messaging system used for international payments. Sweden, another supporter, has extended its digital currency project. The latest b
33、ig central bank to get serious about a CBDC is the European Central Bank (ECB). Speaking to The Economist on February 10th, Christine Lagarde, its president, said she planned to seek approval from her colleagues to begin preparing for a digital EURO.12. What can we say about the CBDC?A It has been i
34、ssued in China.B. It will be used legally in China.C. It is a new form of paper money.D. It could be put into peoples wallets.13. What can we know from the passage?A. Digital currency has replaced the paper money totally.B. The world population will have access to CBDC by 2024.C. Sweden has begun to
35、 study its own digital currency.D. ECB has got approval from its members for a digital EURO.14. What does the underlined word “frontrunner” in paragraph 6 mean?A. Adventurer.B. Pioneer. C. Challenger.D. Supporter.15. From which is the passage probably taken?A. A science journal.B. An economic magazi
36、ne.C. A computer paper.D. An educational report.山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末统考英语试第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThere really are apps for everything-and some could end up saving your life. Skin VisionYou will have to pay for this digital skin check app, either on an ad hoc (
37、随时)or a subscription basis, but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed during lockdown, it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and youll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds. St John Ambulance First Ai
38、dAn app like this is more useful for saving someone elses life than your own but arguably its a necessity on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies, including choking, allergic reactions and performing CPR. You dont have to have an internet connection in order to use it. What 3
39、 wordsThis free download is one of a growing number of smartphone apps that could mean the difference between life and death. What 3 Words divides the world into 33 metre squares, giving each one a unique combination of three words. This allows emergency services-or anyone else you give the location
40、 to-to reach you. Used by the vast majority of emergency services in the UK, not to mention other control centres around the world, it has been credited with saving thousands of lives. WhatsAppLots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling, but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that
41、 can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you re in danger? You simply press the +key in a chat, select Location, and then press Share Live Location, which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.1. How can Skin Vision help?A. It of
42、fers medical check.B. It prevents skin cancer.C. It gives cures for skin diseases.D. It examines the skin automatically.2. Which app can benefit others more than yourself?A. Skin Vision.B. St John Ambulance First AidC. What 3 words.D. WhatsApp.3. What do What3words and WhatsApp have in common?A. The
43、y are operated the same way.B. They can tell others where you are.C. They belong to communication apps.D. They are used by most emergency services.BCooking is Chris Spears passion. Hes ben professionally cooking since he was 16. Over the years, he worked for big restaurants and reached a point where
44、 he had almost 100 employees reporting to him. Thats when he missed flexibility and wanted to be more creative. So, he quit working for restaurants and set up his own catering（餐饮）company, Perfect Little Bites in Frederick, Maryland. Spending long hours in the kitchen doesnt tire Spear but he had oft
45、en been concerned that becoming an independent chef would make him feel lonely. Spear said he wanted to find an arrangement that would be beneficial to all such groups but didnt cost them any money. That inspired him to found Chefs Without Restaurants, an online resource for chefs. Now he has a Face
46、book group where he can post information about, for instance, a potential customer who wants to arrange a dinner in a given location and within a certain price range, and he can offer interested chefs more information. Customers can also benefit from this network. Spear is building a website where c
47、ustomers will be able to check out profiles of the Chefs Without Restaurants members, learn about their specialties and see what kinds of events they can cater, large or small. Sharon Streb, owner of Oil & Vinegar Frederick which introduces cooking ideas and chefs to their customers, said small busi
48、nesses should help one another succeed. When other chefs and businesses come to my store, they get in front of our customers and hopefully we get in front of their customers. Thats a win-win for both of us, she said. Its tough out there for a small business, and not a lot of small businesses succeed. Its important that we can work together and be successful, both of us. Thats the goal for Spear, who wants to carve out a space for independent chefs on the food map in the area.4. Why did Spear start his own business?A. He got tired of being a chef.B. He longed to help other chefs.C.
