1、 Lesson 20 Lesson 20 One man in a boat New words and expressions New words and expressions park v. 抓到 fisherman n. 钓鱼人，渔民boot n. 靴子waste n. 浪费realize v. 意识到 I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. 我经常一钓数小时却一无所获，但我从不为此烦恼。 Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of ca
2、tching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. 有些垂钓者就是不走运，他们往往鱼钓不到，却钓上来旧靴子和垃圾。 But they dont realize one important thing. Im not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all! 然而他们没有认识到重要的一点，我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣，我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟，无所事事！ After having spent whole mo
3、rnings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.我总是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空着袋子回家。 I am even less lucky. I never catch anythingnot even old boots. 我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过就连旧靴子也没有。1.What is your favourite pastime?sportsreadingHitch-hikingmountaineeringsurfingsingingdancingbikingmoviespainting2.How much t
4、ime do you usually spend on your pastime every week? 3.Are you good at it? How?4.The importance of having a pastime?5、Do you think the writer is wasting his time? Why or Why not?6、Do you think the writer would like to work as a fisherman? Would you? Why or Why not? Questions on the text:1. What does
5、 the writer often do?2.What do some fishermen catch?3. What does the writer catch?4. What is his friends suggestion?5.Why is fishing the writers favourite sport? He often fishes for hours without catching anything.They catch old boots and rubbish.He likes sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all.H
6、e catches nothing.(always goes home with an empty bag).They ask me to give up fishing: “Its a waste of time.” 【课文讲解】 1. I often fish for hours without catching anything. . (表否定表否定)没有，无，不需。如：没有，无，不需。如： The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何
7、麻烦。 We got there . 雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。 Youll get wet if . (用在用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有没有不，没有不，没有则不能则不能，每，每必定必定。如。如 The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。 without any trouble you go out in the rain without an umbrella (与与-ing形式连用形式连用)不，无，没。如：不，无
8、，没。如： She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。她没敲门就进了房间。 我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言，就不想到那个国家去。我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言，就不想到那个国家去。 I dont like to go to a country without knowing something of the language. without+宾语宾语+动名词动名词 无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。 , he slipped through the window. without+宾语宾语+过去分词过去分词 Wit
9、hout another word exchanged, they started off. 没有再交谈一句，他们就出发了。没有再交谈一句，他们就出发了。 Without anyone noticing 用于虚拟语气用于虚拟语气 without有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与but for大致大致同义。如同义。如 Without But for appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box. 如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了 Without But f
10、or you, our project wouldnt have succeeded. 如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。2.Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. prep.代替,而不是.作为短语介词，insteadof后面常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔也跟复合结构 Imadethiscakespecially,withbrownsugarinsteadofwhite. 我特别地以红糖代替白糖做了这个蛋糕。他们必须自己做出决定，而不是由我们来代替他们作决定。 Theym
11、ustmakeuptheirownmindsinsteadofourmakinguptheirmindsforthem. Instead of 后面还可跟形容词、副词、动词、不定式、介词短语和从句，这时相当于连词 Taking exercise every day makes him look younger instead of older. 每天锻炼身体使他显得更年轻而不是苍老。（连接形容词） I go to bed late instead of early.我总是很晚才睡。（连接副词） That increased instead of decreased our courage. 这
12、增加而不是减少了我们的勇气。（连接动词） He proposes to do some work instead of to watch television.他提议做些工作而不是看电视。（连接不定式） In warm weather he often reads under a tree instead of in the library. （连接介词短语） Instead 单独使用的时候式副词，常用于句末。例如： Weve no coffee. Would you like tea instead. 我没有咖啡了，喝茶行吗？ 坐汽车得好几天时间，所以我们还是改乘飞机吧。 It will t
13、ake days by car, so . 她成天打网球，而不是学习。 . lets fly insteadShe never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day 3.After having spent whole morning on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 不定式和动名词都可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。 作主语和表语时，动名词形式表示一般的、概念性的、时常的动作，而动词不定式常表示一时的、偶然的行为和动作。如： Being a doctor is a good c
14、hoice. 当医生是不错的选择。（对任何人、任何时候而言都是这样） To be a good doctor is my dream. 当个好医生是我的梦想。 （对个人而言，是个别情况） (1)只可使用动名词作宾语的动词只可使用动名词作宾语的动词： enjoy, miss,practice, prefer, suggest, consider, appreciate, avoid, mind, imagine, finish, admit, deny, delay, risk等。等。 只跟动名词的短语：只跟动名词的短语：feel like, stick to, devote to, pay a
15、ttention to, be worth, be busy, cant help, it is no use, be used to (习惯于习惯于), look forward to, cant stand等。等。 (2)只可使用不定式作宾语的动词：只可使用不定式作宾语的动词： wish, hope, promise, expect, pretend, want, agree, refuse, prepare, manage, persuade, afford, offer, attempt, decide等。等。 只跟不定式的习语：只跟不定式的习语：would like/love to等
16、。等。 (3)既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语的动词有：既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语的动词有： start, begin, continue, like, love, hate等，意思基本没有等，意思基本没有区别。区别。 love，like和和hate接动名词和不定式时，表示长久的、规律接动名词和不定式时，表示长久的、规律性的好恶用动名词，表示一时的、个别性的好恶常用不定式。性的好恶用动名词，表示一时的、个别性的好恶常用不定式。如：如： He hate eating fish from his childhood. 他从小就不喜欢吃鱼。他从小就不喜欢吃鱼。 I love to go dri
17、ving on such a lovely afternoon. 我想在这样一个美好的下午出去兜风。我想在这样一个美好的下午出去兜风。 接名词作宾语接不定式作宾语remember记得过去发生的动作 记得将来要做的动作try 试着去做、尝试改变努力去做某事regret对做过的事表示后悔 对要做的事表示遗憾 mean意味着企图（打算）做某事go on继续做未完成的事情做完一件事后，接着做另一件 forget忘记以前曾做过某事 忘记去做某事 cant help禁不住做某事不能帮着做某事(4)以下动词既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语，但意思有区别。补充：补充：need, want, require,
18、demand, be worth等接动名词等接动名词,主动形式表被动：主动形式表被动：4“You must give up fishing!” my friend say. “Its a waste of time.”give sb. a call 给给打电话打电话give a talk 作报告作报告give a lecture (a piano concert) 作讲座作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会举行钢琴音乐会)give back 归还，送回归还，送回givesome advice on 给给一些忠告一些忠告give lessons to 给给上课上课give in 屈服屈服give up 放弃放
19、弃give sb. a chance 给给一次机会一次机会give a message to 给给一个口信一个口信动名词的一般式与完成式用法区别动名词的一般式与完成式用法区别 动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以与谓语动作同时发生，动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以与谓语动作同时发生，也没有明确的先后关系；动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语也没有明确的先后关系；动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作或状态。如：动作之前的动作或状态。如：You keep interrupting me. 你老打断我的话。你老打断我的话。They are practising singing the new song.
20、他们正在练习唱新歌。他们正在练习唱新歌。She regrets having abandoned the plan. 她懊悔放弃了这个计划。她懊悔放弃了这个计划。Excuse me not having answered your letter before. 没有更早回信请原谅。没有更早回信请原谅。 1. _ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A Dont know B not to know C not knowing D not to be knowing 2. the next morning she foun
21、d the man _in bed, dead. A lying B lie C lay D laying 3. he had his leg _in the match yesterday. A to break B broken C break D breaking 4. most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists. A invited B to invite C being invited D inviting 5. Please excuse me _ your letter by mistake. A. to op
22、en B. to have openedC. for opening D. in opening6. Certainly I posted your letter I remember _ it. A. posting B. to postC. to be posting D. have posted7. They must be at home theres a light _ in the bedroom. A. to shine B. to be shiningC. shining D. having shined8. If the car wont start, _ it.A. try
23、 push B. try pushingC. to try pushing D. to try to push 9. He was lucky and narrowly missed _. A. to injure B. injuringC. to be injured D. being injured10. I understand _ to discuss the matter.A. your not wanting B. not your wanting C. you not to want D. you to not want11. Dont be late. No one would
24、 like _. A. to be kept waiting B. being kept waitingC. to be kept to wait D. being kept to wait12. He cant make himself _. His spoken English really needs _. A. understand, improving B. understood, improvingC. understand, to improve D. understood, to improve 动名词的一般式与完成式用法区别动名词的一般式与完成式用法区别 动名词的一般式所表示
25、的动作可以与谓语动作同时发生，动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以与谓语动作同时发生，也没有明确的先后关系；动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语也没有明确的先后关系；动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作或状态。如：动作之前的动作或状态。如：You keep interrupting me. 你老打断我的话。你老打断我的话。They are practising singing the new song. 他们正在练习唱新歌。他们正在练习唱新歌。She regrets having abandoned the plan. 她懊悔放弃了这个计划。她懊悔放弃了这个计划。Excuse me not hav
26、ing answered your letter before. 没有更早回信请原谅。没有更早回信请原谅。 Retell the story: 1. Fishing- favourite sport 2. often - hours- anything 3. some - unlucky 4. Instead - fish - boots - rubbish 5. I - less 6. never-even-boots 7. whole mornings - river - home-empty 8. “give up”- friends- “waste-time” 9. dont realize - important thing 10.notinterestedfishing 11.onlysitting-nothing
