1、1 高考英语陷阱题总汇高考英语陷阱题总汇 基础题,人人会做,显不出优势;高难题,人人不会做,拉不开距离;陷阱题,表面看起来很容易, 所需知识也不一定很难,但其中隐含机关,预设陷阱,尽管你完全具备做好此类题的知识和能力,但由 于你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等,可能自认为捡了个大便宜,而实 际上却刚好掉入了命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。不信你就看看下面几道题: 1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant. A. thatB. what C. that tha
2、tD. what what 仔细想想看,选 A 还是选 B?请给出你的决定未作决定之前请不要往后看!你的分析可能是这 样的: 选项 C 和 D 不太可能是正确答案,因为像这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况一般不可能。在 A 和 B 两 个选项中,选项 A 肯定不行,因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分,所以只能选 B 了。 事实是:如果你选 A,肯定错了;如果你选 B,那也错了。此题最佳答案是 D,其中第一个 what 用 作动词 meant 的宾语,第二个 what 用作动词 said 的宾语,即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中,n
3、one of us understood 为主句,what what he said meant 为宾语从句,而在此宾语从句中又包括 有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。假若去掉句末的 meant,则答案就是 B 了。 分析有道理吗?有点启发吗?你可要客观地评价噢!请再看一题: 2. Everyone knows that _ is dangerous to play with fire, but _ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire. A. it, itB. what, what C. it, w
4、hatD. what, it 这次可要想好!请拿定主意,选 C 还是选 D?未作决定之前请不要往后看!你的分析可能是这样的: 此题既不选 C,也不选 D,而是选 A。因为两处的空格均填形式主语 it。 事实上,你又错了。此题的最佳答案是 C:第一空填形式主语,真正的主语是其后的不定式 to play with fire;而第二空应填 what,what is difficult 是主语从句,注意 what is difficult 后的谓语动词 is。有 点收获吧,再请做做以下类似试题: (1) I know _ is important to know my own limitations,
5、 but _ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations. A. it, itB. what, what C. it, whatD. what, it (2) Yes, _ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do. A. it, itB. what, what 2 C. it, whatD. what
6、, it 答案选什么,估计你不会选错了,你若还不放心,请往本书后面有关去找找,那里有明确的答案。 对此有兴趣吗?那就再看一题吧! 3. Lets make it at seven oclock on Tuesday morning at my office if _. A. youre convenient B. it is convenient for you C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you 先仔细想好,看选项 A 和 C 哪个更佳,当然也可能 A 和 C 都不对,答案
7、在 B、D 当中。不过,主意 你自己拿。我猜你的答案不是 A 就可能是 C,因为你可能将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient 了。 其实最佳答案是 B,因为英语中的 convenient 不是表示“感到方便的”,而是表示“使人感到方便的”, 所以 be convenient 的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”,英语通常 if it is convenient for to you,其中的介词可用 for 或 to,但一般不用 with。顺便说一句,偶尔也可见到用人或物作 be conveni
8、ent 的主语,但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点:句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,如: Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去见玛丽较为方便。 The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 这家具搬起来很方便。 怎么样,再看最后一题: 4. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a
9、 hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. thatB. which C. whereD. what 此题该选哪个答案?你可能毫不犹豫地选了 B,是吗?你的想法很可能是:around 是介词,选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital,在此用作介词 around 的宾语。 对不起,还是错了。最佳答案应是 C。你的分析并不算太错,但问题是,照你的分析,此句的意思 便是:有没有这样一家医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为 人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近
10、治伤。此题选 C 的理由是:句中的 around 不是介词, 而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital,句意为:附 近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤? 3 冠词冠词 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析 1. “Do you know _ English for 帅哥?” “Im afraid I dont. Im not interested in _ English language.” A. the, theB. the, 不填 C. 不填, theD. 不填, 不填 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选 D,因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。 【分
11、析分析】最佳答案为 A。在英语中,表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词,但在某些特殊情况下可用冠 词。如: (1) 当语言名词表特指意义,其前可用定冠词。如: The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美国和加拿大 讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。 (2) 当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时,其前要用定冠词。如: Whats the English for this? 这个东西用英语怎么说? (3) 当在语言名词后加上 language 一词时,也要用冠词。如:
12、 There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。 2. I couldnt remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church. A. a, theB. a, 不填 C. 不填, aD. 不填, 不填 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选 D,因为星期名词前不加冠词;而 at church 表示在教堂里做礼拜,其中也不用冠 词。 【分析分析】最佳答案
13、为 B。确实,在通常情况下星期名词前不用冠词,但在某些特殊情况下还是可以 用冠词的,如表示特指,其前可用定冠词;表示“某一个”或受描绘性定语修饰表示“某种”这样的意义等, 其前可用不定冠词。如: He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日来,星期一就走了。 My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。 3. Which person do you refer to, the one with _ long hair or the one with _ long be
14、ard? A. a, aB. 不填,不填 C. a, 不填D. 不填,a 4 【陷阱陷阱】误选 A 或 B,认为 hair(头发)和 beard(胡须)性质和用法应该差不多,要么都可数,要么都不 可数,或者说要么都用不定冠词,要么都不用。 【分析分析】最佳答案选 D。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同:hair 可用作可数或不可数名词,用 作可数名词时,指一根一根的毛发或头发,如说 Theres a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发);用作不可 数名词(集合名词)时,则是整体地指一个人的头发。比较: He has gray hairs. 他有几根白发了。 He h
15、as gray hair. 他满头白发了。 而 beard 则通常只用作可数名词,且指的是一个人所有的胡须,而不是指一根胡须,它的复数形式, 通常是指多个人的胡须,而不是指多根胡须,如: He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡须。 Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡须。 4. I once watched _ one-act play, which was played by _ 11-year-old boy. A. a, aB. an, an C. a, anD. an, a 【陷阱陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。 【分析分析】
16、最佳答案填 C。第一空填 a,因为 one-act 的读音是,它的第一个音是辅音不 是元音;第二空填 an,是因为 11 的英文是 eleven,它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以 下各题的答案是 C 不是其他: (1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with _ 18-year-old girl, one of his students. A. a, aB. an, an C. a, anD. an, a (2) We hired _ one-eyed m
17、an to play in our film, and we gave him _ 100-pound check for just one minute. A. a, anB. an, a C. a, aD. an, an 5. “Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.” A. a, theB. the, the C. a, aD. the, a 【陷阱陷阱】误选 A,生搬硬套冠词用法规则:第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词,第二次再提到
18、该 人或该事物时用定冠词。 【分析分析】最佳答案为 C。第一空填 a,比较好理解;而第二空填 a 是因为此句中的 one 并非指前面提 到的 pen,即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物,这从后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以 清楚地知道。请比较下面一题: “Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _ black one? I found it in the corner.” 5 A. a, theB. the, the C. a, aD. the, a 此题的最佳答案是
19、 A 不是 C。请注意其后 I found it in the corner 这一信息,它表明说明者是拿着笔 在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子: “Have you seen _ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _ white one? A boy has ridden it away.” A. a; aB. a; the C. the; theD. the; a 此题答案选 A,注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。 6. My friend Mary is _ beautiful gi
20、rl and _ girl everyone likes to work with. A. a, aB. a, the C. the, aD. the, the 【陷阱陷阱】很容易误选 B,认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词,第二次提到就应该用定冠词。 【分析分析】最佳答案为 A。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的,此句实为一省略句,补充完整为 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题(答案选 A): (1) Jim is _ brave boy a
21、nd _ boy never fearing anything. A. a, aB. a, the C. the, aD. the, the (2) It is really _ useful dictionary and _ dictionary every one of us needs. A. a, aB. a, the C. the, aD. the, the 精编陷阱题训练精编陷阱题训练 1. Since tasting the excitement of _ big city life, she never wants to live in _ country again. A.
22、the, theB. 不填,不填 C. the, 不填D. 不填,the 2. The operation is _ success and the patient is now out of _ danger. A. a, theB. a, 不填 C. 不填, theD. 不填,不填 3. As _ writer, he was _ complete failure. A. a, aB. a, the C. 不填,不填D. a, 不填 4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _. A. on the SundayB. on a
23、 Sunday C. on SundayD. at a Sunday 5. This is _ best kind of _ pen you can get here. 6 A. the, theB. the, a C. the, 不填D. a, the 6. As is known to us all, _ tiger is in _ danger of becoming extinct. A. the, aB. the, 不填 C. a, 不填D. 不填, the 7. He spent too much time talking on _ phone while we were all
24、busy at _ work. A. the, 不填B. a, 不填 C. 不填, 不填D. the, the 8. As _ unemployment is very high at the moment, its very difficult for people to find _ work. A. the, 不填B.不填,不填 C. the, aD. an, the 9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _ bedroom apartment. A
25、. one aB. the oneC. oneD. a one 10. The education of _ young is always _ hot and serious topic. A. 不填, 不填B. the, a C. 不填, theD. the, 不填 11. I often have conversations with John over _ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by _ letter. A. 不填;theB. 不填;a C. the;不填D. the; a 12. John has put forward _
26、most challenging question for us to answer. Yes, it really is. I have never heard _ harder one. A. the; 不填B. 不填; the C. the; theD. a; a 13. “What about _ school?” “It is as good, as anybody can see, _ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.” A. a; theB. the; a C. a; aD. the
27、; the 14. The market for _ used computers is getting larger and larger as_ years go on. A. 不填, 不填B. the, 不填 C. the, theD. 不填, the 15. “Charley Oakley, _ NBA All-star, hasnt missed _ game in the past three years.” “I can hardly believe it.” A. an; theB. a; the C. the; aD. an; a 7 16. In the market, v
28、egetables are sold by _ kilogram, I mean, by _ weight. A. the; 不填B.不填; 不填 C. the; theD.不填;the 17. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today. A. the, anB. a, 不填 C. the, theD. 不填, the 18. The cakes are delicious. Id like to have _ third one as _ second one
29、I ate was too small. A. the, theB. a, the C. the, aD. a, a 19. _ England of those years was _ England in peace. A. 不填, 不填B. The, an C. The, 不填D. 不填, an 20. Did you happen to see _ black and _ white cat? Are they missing? I told you to take care of them. A. a; 不填B. the; 不填 C. the; theD. a; the 【答案与解析
30、答案与解析】 1. 选 D,big city life 表泛指,其前不用冠词;country 表示“农村”时,其前习惯上要用定冠词。 2. 选 B,success 在此指“成功的事”,为可数名词;out of danger(脱离危险)为习语,其中不用冠词。 3. 选 A,其中的 failure 在此指“失败的人”,为可数名词。 4. 选 B,Sunday 前用不定冠词,表示“某一个”。 5. 选 C,kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。 6. 选 B,当概括事物的种类时,用定冠词,不用不定冠词;另外 in danger of 是短语,不用冠词。 7. 选 A。on the phone 和 a
31、t work 均为习语,其中一个带冠词,一个不带冠词。 8. 选 B。unemployment 和 work 均为不可数名词,表示一般意义时其前不用冠词。 9. 选 D。a one bedroom apartment 意为“一套只带一间卧室的套房”。 10. 选 B。the young 意为“年轻人”,定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物;第二空填不定冠 词修饰名词 topic。 11. 选 A。over on the telephone 为习语,意为“通过电话”;若用 by telephone 则不用冠词,类似地, by letter(通过信件)也不用冠词。 12. 选 D。第一空后的 m
32、ost 不是构成最高级,而是表示“很”、“十分”,故其前用 a;第二空也填 a, 该句为 I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。 13. 选 B。第一空填 the,表特指;第二空填 a,表泛指,as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意为“与湖南师大附中一样好的一所中学”。 8 14. 选 A。used computers 与 years 均为复数名词表示泛指意思,其前不用冠词。 15. 选 D。NBA 中的 N 读音为 ,即
33、前面一个音为元音,故填 an 不填 a;第二空填 a 表泛指, 泛指任何一场比赛。 16. 选 A。介词 by 表示“以计”时,若后接单数可数名词,其前要用定冠词,如:by the week 按周, 按星期 / by the ton 按吨 / by the yard 按码 / by the meter 按米;若后接抽象名词,则通常不用冠词,如: by volume 按体积 / by weight 按重量。 17. 选 B。knowledge 虽为不可数名词,但其前却可用不定冠词,表示某种程度的知识,有类似 some 的意思;第二空不填冠词,是因为 trade 为不可数名词,表示泛指时不用冠词。
34、 18. 选 B。序数词前通常用定冠词,表示特指(如第一空);有时也用不定冠词,表示原有数量上的 增加(如第一空)。 19. 选 B。原则上说,专有名词前不用冠词,但在些特殊情况下也可用冠词。此题第一空填定冠词, 表特指,即指“那时的英国”;第二空填不定冠词,表示具有某种特征。 20. 选 C。Are they missing? 中的代词 they 是一个很重要的信息词,它表明上文中的 _ black and _ white cat 是两只猫而不是一只猫,所以 C。the black and white cat 可视为 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若
35、选 A,则表示“一只黑白相间的猫”。 名词名词 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析 9 1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _ newspaper, with _ in her eyes. A. a, tearB. a piece of, tears C. a, tearsD. a piece of, tear 【陷阱陷阱】误选 D,许多学生错误地认为,既然 news(消息)和 paper(纸)均为不可数名词,那么 newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的;同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。 【分析分析】
36、最佳答案为 C。newspaper 和 tear 均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数, 而且还可以连用数词。 Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。 She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。 The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。 A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。 顺便说一句,若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西,而只是把它当成一种“纸” 来看待,也可用作不可数名词,如:
37、 Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。 2. Her father works as a _ in a hotel and her mother a _ in a private company. A. cooker, typewriterB. cook, typist C. cooker, typistD. cook, typewriter 【陷阱陷阱】误选 A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook 用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以 cooker 应是其相应 的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type 用作动词,表示“打字”,所以 typewr
38、iter 应表示“打字员”。 【分析分析】而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案 为 B。 3. “Why couldnt they meet us at five oclock?” “Because they were delayed by _.” A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics 【陷阱陷阱】B、C、D 三项均容易误选。 【分析分析】对于此题,首先要明确 traffic 为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除
39、B 和 D。另外,汉语 习惯说“交通拥挤”,而英语习惯上却不能用 crowded 来修饰 traffic,要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”,英语通 常说 heavy traffic,即选 A。如下面一题也是选 A: She is not a competent driver and cant cope with driving in _. A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics 4. In fact, _ one cause that leads to the problem. A. cattle
40、 isB. cattle are C. cattles areD. the cattles are 10 【陷阱陷阱】此题容易误选 A,想当然地认为 cattle 是单数,并且空格有表单数的 one,自然谓语动词用 is。 【陷阱陷阱】其实,正确答案为 B。cattle(牲畜,牛)为集合名词,尽管它不带复数词尾-s,却永远表示复 数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。又如: For this many cattle were killed. 为此宰了不少牲畜。 The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。 类似地,police(警察),p
41、eople(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法,即只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义;用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与 a(n) 连用,但可与 the 连用(表示总括意义和特 指)。如: The poultry have been fed. 家禽已经喂过饲料了。 In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察通常不带枪。 It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘记道谢的时候,我就不痛快。 5. By all _, you must try
42、 every _ to help him. A. mean, meanB. means, means C. means, meanD. mean, means 【陷阱陷阱】误选 C,认为第一空前有 all 修饰,故用 means,而第二空前有 every 修饰,故用 mean。 【分析分析】其实,means 是一个单复数同形的名词,并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说,在表示“方式”、“方 法”时,不存在 mean 这一形式(mean 主要用作动词,表示“意思是”;也可用作名词,表示“中间”、“中庸”)。 此题正确答案为 C,by all means 为习语,意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。顺便说一句,
43、means 用作主语时, 其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较: All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。 Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。 若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如: Is Are there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗? 6. Jim is _ person, and everyone is willing to be _ with him. A.
44、 so kind a, friendsB. so a kind, friends C. so kind a, friendD. so a kind, friend 【陷阱陷阱】误选 C 或 D。认为 friend 要用单数。 【分析分析】其实此题最佳答案为 A。so kind a person 相当于 such a kind person,注意两者中冠词的位置 不同。be friends with 是习语,意为“与友好”、“跟做朋友”,与之同义的类似地还有 make friends with。值得说明的是,这类短语中的名词总是用复数,即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如: He is friends
45、 with me. 他与我是朋友。 He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。 7. We already have _ pencils, but we need two _ pens. A. dozen of, dozenB. dozens of, dozens C. dozens of, dozenD. dozens of, dozen of 11 【陷阱陷阱】误选 B。 【分析分析】此题最佳答案为 C。关于 dozen 的复数是否加词尾-s 的问题比较复杂,大致原则是: (1) 当它与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也
46、不后接介词 of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例,但这已属过时用法,在考试中应避免,如 1992 年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为 two dozen of 为错误选项: Shortly after the accident, _ police were sent to the spot to keep order. A. dozens ofB. dozensC. dozen ofD. dozen D (2) 当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时可将 dozens of(许多,几十)视为习语。如: Ive b
47、een there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。 Shes got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。 下面一例中的 dozens 加了复数词尾-s 也属为似情况: Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。 (3) 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时,加不加复数词尾-s 均可,但需注意:不加复数 词尾-s 时,其后的介词 of 可以省略;加词尾-s 时,其后介词 of 不能省略。如: several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils 几打铅笔 注:
48、英语较少使用 many dozen 的说法,要表示类似意思可用 dozens of。 (4) 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是 us, them 这样的人称 代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如: two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋 three dozen of them 它们中的 3 打 注:score, hundred, thousand, million 等也具有以上类似用法。 8. She raised her finger to her lips as _ for silence. A. an ideaB. a mark C. a signD. a word 【陷阱陷阱