1、Unit 1 Food for thoughtUsing languageModals(1)情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征*情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独做谓语,后面只接不带to的不定式，即动词原形。*情态动词基本上没有人称和数的变化,但有些情态动词,如can,will，may等有一般现在时和一般过去时，be able to有不同的时态变化。情感情感态度态度情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征*情态动词的过去式并不一定表示过去时间，可以表示一种委婉、礼貌的语气。e.g Could I use your dictionary?Would you please do me a favor?
2、The young should care for the old.常见的常见的情态动词情态动词may/mightmay/mightcan/couldcan/couldmustmustwill/will/wouldwould shall/shouldshall/shouldhave tohave toneedneedused toused todare dare oughtought to tobe ablbe able toe toActivity 1 What do they mean?Activity 2dare not be afraid to do sth.neednt not be
3、 necessary to do sth.have to be necessary to do sth.be able to have the ability to do sth.arent able to dont have the ability to do sth.had better give advice to do sth.e.gThe man can/could speak two foreign languages.Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain.can/couldcan/could VSVS be
4、able to be able to*can/could表示习惯具备的能力，而be able to通常表示通过努力达成的一次性能力；can/could 主要是一般现在、一般过去时，而be able to有较为丰富的时态变化。m mustust VSVS have tohave toe.gAs a Chinese,we must build our country well and mustnt forget our duty.The poor boy had to face the trouble bravely.-Must he finish the job today?-Yes,.-No,
5、.he musthe neednt/doesnt have to*must表示主观上表示主观上“必须必须”,”,而而have to通常表示出于通常表示出于客观原因客观原因“不得不不得不”;must无时态变化无时态变化,而而have to有有时态变化时态变化;mustnt“禁止禁止/不许不许”,neednt“不必不必”。During the holidays,I didnt have to get up early.But now its time to learn at school,so I have to getup early every day.To be honest,I was m
6、uch inspiredwhen I watched the Peking Winter Olympic Games.Im determined to study hard,so I think I must get up early and mustnt waste any time.Im sure I will be able to realize my goal.Come on!Activity 3 Translate the following passage.Translate the following passage.had betterhad betterActivity 4
7、Translate the following sentences.你最好不要一下子做所有的事情，你最好不要一下子做所有的事情，最好是一件一件地做。最好是一件一件地做。.Youd better not do all the things at a time Youd better do them one by oneneed need VSVS dare dare既可用为既可用为情态情态动词，又动词，又可可用作用作实实意动词。意动词。“需要需要”“敢敢(于于)”Activity 4 Translate the sentences in two ways.1.苏翊鸣敢于挑战自己。苏翊鸣敢于挑战自
8、己。.2.朱易还需要再磨练一下。朱易还需要再磨练一下。(steel oneself).Su Yiming dares to challenge/dare challenge himself.Zhu Yi still needs to steel/need steel herself.1.Su Yiming dares to challenge/dare challenge himself.Activity 5 Change the sentences into negatives.2.Zhu Yi still needs to steel/need steel herself.Su Yimin
9、g doesnt dare to challenge himselfSu Yiming dare not challenge himselfZhu Yi still doesnt need to steel herself.Zhu Yi still need not steel herself.*need/dare作情态动词用时无人称和数的变化，作情态动词用时无人称和数的变化，但是作为实意动词用时有人称和数的变化。但是作为实意动词用时有人称和数的变化。Need you have lessons every day?Yes,.No,.Activity 6 Answer the question.
10、we mustwe neednt“必须必须”“不必不必”Activity 7Activity 7 While going on your first trip to the UK is exciting,new and different customs can also be confusing.Table manners are no excep-tion.But dont worry-here are some tips.Activity 7Activity 7 *You wait until everyone else has been served before you start
11、eating.*Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you pick them up in case you get it wrong.The trick is to start on the one outside.have todare not *When you finish your meal,you place your knife and fork on your plate with the handles at the four oclock position.had better*Table manners,ho
12、wever,can differ in different situations.For example,you-use a knife and fork when eating a hamburger or pizza.Just remember,when in Rome,do as the Romans do,and you will enjoy the local cuisine!dont have tobe able toneednt/Summarydare not neednt have to be able to not be able to had better be afraid to do sth.not be necessary to do sth.be necessary to do sth.have the ability to do sth.dont have the ability to do sth.give advice to do sth.常见的情态动词常见的情态动词 can/could,may/might,ought to,must need,dare shall/should,will/would have to,used to *只作情态动词只作情态动词*可情态可实义可情态可实义*可情态可助动词可情态可助动词*相当于情态动词相当于情态动词
