1、Section BUsing language.知识体系图解 重点词汇1.client n.2.cite v.3.horizon n.4.reckon v.5.n.细胞 6.adj.可能的 7.v.评价,评定 n.评价,评定 8.n.自行车v.骑自行车 9.n.需要,需求 adj.要求高的,费力的客户,客人,顾客 引用,引述地平线认为,以为cellboundassessassessmentcyclecycledemanddemanding重点短语1.have talents for 2.result in 3.take turns to do sth 4.cant wait to do sth
2、 5.get sth straight 6.look forward to doing sth 7.be likely to do sth 8.feel confident about 对有天赋导致轮流做某事迫不及待做某事了解,搞明白期待做某事有可能做某事对自信9.即将发生 10.很有可能,肯定会 11.即将到来 12.以的速度 13.打算做某事 14.依靠,指望 15.由组成 on the horizonbe bound tojust around the cornerat the speed ofintend to do sthbank onbe made up of重点句式I think
3、 its also fair to say that we can get our hopes up when it comes to finding cures for serious diseases,such as cancer.单句语法填空1.In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the river.It(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.2.It is important to remember that success(be)a sum of small efforts ma
4、de each day and often(take)years to achieve.3.All we need(be)a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.4.Generally,students inner motivation with high expectations from others(be)essential to their development.wasistakesisis重点词汇1
5、.Bobby was assessed and his talents was/were revealed to be mostly scientific:a 66%chance of success in chemistry and 54%in physics was/were shown.对鲍比进行了评估,发现他的才能大多是科学方面的:化学方面成功的概率为66%,物理方面成功的概率为54%。(p.41)【词汇精讲】assess 为及物动词,表示“评价;评定”,其名词形式为assessment。You should consider this when you assess what you
6、r users are doing.当你评估你的用户在做什么时,你应该考虑到这一点。He was right in his assessment and wrong in his prediction.他的评价是对的,他的预测是错的。【词汇拓展】assess sth at./be assessed at.估定/核定某物值assess.as.评定为They assessed the damage caused by the fire at 2.5 million dollars.他们估价由大火造成的损失为二百五十万美元。2.Is genetic testing reliable?基因检测可靠吗?
7、(p.41)【词汇精讲】reliable表示“可信赖的;可靠的”,其动词为rely,表示“信任;信赖;依赖;依靠”。She is very reliable and I know I dont need to encourage her.她很可靠,我知道我不需要鼓励她。【词汇拓展】rely on/upon依靠;依赖rely on it that相信rely on sb to do sth指望某人做某事You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of schedule.你可以相信,这项工作将提前完成。We had to rely
8、 on a compass and a lot of luck to get here.我们不得不依靠指南针和不错的运气找到这儿来。In future,he wont rely on others to handle this.今后他不会再依赖别人处理这种事。【名师点津】在rely on it that结构中,it作形式宾语,代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有:love,like,appreciate,hate,depend on,see to等。3.Anything you say or do in the past can affect the future.你过去说的
9、或做的任何事都会影响未来。(p.42)【词汇精讲】affect为及物动词,在此句中表示“影响”,此外,affect还有“感染”之意,其名词为effect。This disease affects millions of peoples health in the world every year.这种病每年影响世界上数百万人的健康。【词汇拓展】affect health影响健康be affected by.被打动be affected with a high fever发高烧have an effect on对有影响With the governments aid,those affected
10、 by the earthquake have moved for the new settlements.在政府的援助下,那些受地震灾害影响的人们已经搬进了新居。Affected with a high fever,he continued with his work.尽管发高烧,他仍然继续工作。Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.想一想给你带来最深刻影响的电影、书籍、老师及朋友。4.I think its also fair to say that we
11、can get our hopes up when it comes to finding cures for serious diseases,such as cancer.我认为,公平地说,在找到治疗癌症等严重疾病的方法时,我们可以燃起希望。(p.43)【词汇精讲】cure在该句子中为名词,表示“疗法”,还有“对策”之意,此外,cure还是动词,表示“治愈;解决”。Doctors say that there are several possible cures.医生说有几种可能奏效的疗法。【词汇拓展】cure a patient(a disease)治愈病人(疾病)cure sb of
12、sth治愈某人的疾病;纠正某人的不良习惯a cure for sth的疗法;的对策Ill try to cure the child of his bad habits.我要设法改掉这个孩子的坏习惯。This medicine will cure you of your headache.这种药可治好你的头痛。The government is trying to find a good cure for unemployment.政府正试图寻找一种解决失业的好办法。【易混辨析】cure/treat cure“治愈”,强调结果,搭配为:cure sb of sthtreat“治疗”,强调过程,
13、搭配为:treat sb for sth5.Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time,but Im sure theyre bound to happen sooner or later!其中一些想法听起来可能远远超前于它们的时代,但我相信它们迟早会发生的!(p.43)【词汇精讲】bound为形容词,表示“可能的”。The question is bound to come up at the meeting.在会上肯定会提出来这个问题。【词汇拓展】be bound to do sth很有可能/肯定会做某事Even when w
14、alking in the company of two other men,I am bound to learn from them.三人行,必有我师焉。【联想归纳】“be+形容词+to do”结构be likely to do sth很可能做某事be ready to do sth准备好做某事be anxious to do sth急于做某事be determined to do sth下决心做某事After all the delays,we were anxious to make up for the lost time.耽搁了这么久,我们急着想弥补失去的时间。Though Tom
15、 was stubborn,they were determined to persuade him to travel together.虽然汤姆很固执,但他们决定说服他一起去旅行。He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.他一向乐于挑重担。重点句式I think its also fair to say that we can get our hopes up when it comes to finding cures for serious diseases,such as cancer.我认为,公平地说,在找到治疗癌症等
16、严重疾病的方法时,我们可以燃起希望。(p.43)【句式剖析】该句子中its also fair to say that we can get our hopes up when it comes to finding cures for serious diseases,such as cancer为宾语从句,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为to say that we can get our hopes up;when it comes to doing为固定句式,表示“当提及时”,其中to为介词,其后跟名词或者动词-ing形式。When it comes to classical musi
17、c,we first think of Beethoven or Mozart.谈到古典音乐,我们首先想到贝多芬或莫扎特。【句式拓展】it作形式宾语用于以下结构:动词+it+that-从句I think it best that you should stay here.我认为你最好待在这儿。动词+it+no use doingWe think it no use complaining.我们认为抱怨是没有用的。动词+it+when/if-从句We really appreciate it when she offered to help.她愿意来帮忙时,我们十分感激。重点语法主谓一致(二)1
18、.表示时间、距离、重量、体积、价格等的复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。I think$500 is a large sum of money for him.我认为500美元对他来说是一大笔钱。Ten kilometres is a long distance for him to get there on foot.对他来说步行十千米到那里是一段很长的距离。2.分数或百分数作主语,谓语动词根据分数或百分数所指代的名词而定。Two thirds of his income has been spent on books.他收入的三分之二用于买书。Forty percent of the pop
19、ulation in that country are still in poverty.那个国家百分之四十的人口仍然贫困。3.“a number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“the number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。A number of new products have been successfully produced.许多新产品已成功生产。The number of people doing fitness training is on the increase.参加健身训练的人数在增加。4.a large quantity of与large qu
20、antities of修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词根据quantity的单复数形式而定。A large quantity of trees has been planted on either side of the road.道路两边都种了很多树。Large quantities of trees have been planted on either side of the road.道路两边都种了大量的树。5.从句、不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.会议什么时候举行还没有
21、定。Reading in the sun does harm to our eyes.在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。6.主语是what引导的从句,谓语动词的形式根据主语从句表示的意义而定。What we want is medical equipment.我们所需要的是医疗设备。What we want are experienced doctors.我们需要的是有经验的医生。7.定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式与先行词保持一致。Mr Smith,who is now downstairs,is asking to see you.史密斯先生现在在楼下,他要见你。The Smith
22、s,who are now downstairs,are asking to see you.史密斯一家现在在楼下,他们要见你。8.many a/more than one+单数可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。9.当主语后跟with,together with,along with,as well as,but,besides,including等连结的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数跟主语保持一致。.单词拼写1.If someone judges me by my accent,maybe that person is not my ideal(客户).答案:client2.It can be c
23、onfusing to try to compare and weigh the advantages they(列举)last night.答案:cited3.In the past few days,governments have(评估)each new school to judge whether to start school or not.答案:assessed4.The first signs of the dawn appear on the(地平线).答案:horizon5.We(认为)him to be the best goalkeeper in the world a
24、fter the last competition.答案:reckoned6.Now whenever you see them,they are(必然)to ask you about your status on those projects.答案:bound7.We change the tools,and the tools change us,and that(循环)repeats.答案:cycle.单句语法填空1.Much time and energy was spent(develop)brilliant solutions.答案:developing2.They provid
25、ed him a car.答案:with3.Many a student(be)selected to take part in the English competition,and more than one teacher(have)coached them on speaking and writing.答案:was;has4.Nobody but three students(be)in the laboratory at that time.答案:was5.The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,(visit)a museu
26、m when the earthquake struck.答案:was visiting6.Two fifths of the land in that district(be)covered with trees and grass.答案:is7.With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth(wash)away each year.答案:are being washed8.He is the only one of the students who(be)a winner of scholarship for three years.答案:has been
