1、extinction n.灭绝，消亡extinct adj.灭绝的 n.选项 which is base on 基于，以为根据过去分词做定语灭绝一次；曾经；一旦百分比大量的massive巨大的；大量的bcav.完成note n.笔记；注释；v.注意；表明aspect n.方面 n.意思occur v.出现so far 目前为止 v.避免；回避 adj.主要的notable adj.显要的，值得注意的n.结果;后果v.完成note n.笔记；注释；v.注意；表明aspect n.方面 n.意思occur v.出现so far 目前为止 v.避免；回避 adj.主要的notable adj.显要的
2、，值得注意的n.结果;后果entire species are wiped outover 90%of all species that ever lived the third mass extinction,killed 90%to 96%of all species;the fifth event,which occurred 66 million years ago,caused the death of the dinosaursvolcanic eruptions,asteroids hitting the Earth from space,changes in sea level
3、s,the decrease of oxygen content of the sea,global warmingchange the way we live,including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected;change how we work and travel by using clearner,more natural.1.What did scientists find out in 2015?2.Why does the writer think the sixth mass
4、 extinction will come?The study found that how quickly species die out due to natural causes,that is,the background extinction rate.They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.Because human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth,in
5、cluding animals and plants.3.Why does the writer believe well probably die out if 75%of the Earths species die out?4.What did people do in the case study to protect black robins?Which claim(s)did the case study support in the text?claim n./v.声称,断言；索要,索赔Because our world and our lives depend on the b
6、alance in nature between animals and plants.People protected Old Blues eggs,helped them to hatch,and took care of the chicks.People are restoring their habitats and removing pests like mice and cats from the islands where they live.The case study showed that even in desperate situations,we can do so
7、mething to help.In short,its never too late.1.Use different coloured pens to highlight at least one example for each of the four elements listed below in different colours.Then find out(1)what typical language is used?(2)What text type is this piece of writing?(3)What is its communicative purpose?v.
8、突出,强调element n.基本部分，要素；元素；(1)Facts:over 90%of all species that ever lived are extinct;the Great Dying,which killed 90%to 96%of all species;human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.Reasons:air and water pollution,forests being destroyed,factory farming and overfishi
9、ng are causing species to die out;without forests,we would have no air to breathe and without clean water we would be unable to survive.(1)Opinions/predictions:many scientists say we are now entering the Earths sixth mass extinction;scientists believe that up to three quarters of all species on Eart
10、h could die out.Solutions:we need to take steps to save endangered species,including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected;we need to change how we work and travel.;we also need to improve our farming methods.(2)This piece of writing is an exposition.(3)Its purpose is to
11、 explain what the sixth extinction is and its effects and call on people to take action to prevent it from happening.2.The writer uses ways such as citing ideas from experts or authorities,giving examples and using data.I believe that if we take action now it is not too late to save other species fr
12、om extinction.The black robin was saved from extinction when only five birds remained,so I think it is possible to save any species if we act right now.Use the adjectives and nouns to make meaningful expressions.Then use each expression to make a sentence.Write the sentences in the space provided.en
13、dangered animals,entire species,natural resources,significant change,mass extinction,solar energy灭绝灭绝被认为是；以被认为是；以著称著称affect v.影响影响依靠依靠.消灭，彻底摧毁消灭，彻底摧毁采取措施采取措施step n.步伐；步步伐；步采取采取行动行动建立建立照顾照顾答案见下一页答案见下一页In the last 500 million years,there have been five mass extinction events on Earth.In the third even
14、t,which 1 the Great Dying,90%to 96%of all species 2 .Of course,species died out due to many causes.But nowadays,human activity 3 all types of species that we 4 for living.We need to 5 toavoid the sixth mass extinction.We should 6 to save endangered animals andplants,and 7 special areas to 8 them bef
15、ore the next extinction comesthat may 9 the entire species.is known asdied outhas affecteddepend ontake actiontake stepsset uptake care ofwipe outdefine v.给给下定义；标明下定义；标明界限界限refer to 参考；涉及；参考；涉及；指的是指的是1.Extinctions,where entire species are wiped out,are not unusual in our Earths history.2.These inclu
16、de the third mass extinction,known as the Great Dying,which killed 90%to 96%of all species.3.A 2015 study by scientists who were based at Brown University and Duke University in the US,looked at how quickly species die out due to natural causes4.If a sixth mass extinction occurs,seientists who have
17、studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out.5.We need to take steps to save endangered species,including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected.Which of the clauses above:(1)give information to identify the persons/objects.()(
18、2)give extra information about a person or a thing,which can be left out.()1.Extinctions,where entire species are wiped out,are not unusual in our Earths history.2.These include the third mass extinction,known as the Great Dying,which killed 90%to 96%of all species.3.A 2015 study by scientists who w
19、ere based at Brown University and Duke University in the US,looked at how quickly species die out due to natural causes4.If a sixth mass extinction occurs,seientists who have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out.5.We need to take steps to save end
20、angered species,including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected.identify v.识别；发现；表明识别；发现；表明 identity n.身份；个性身份；个性 leave out 遗漏，省去defining clausenon-defining clause()1.He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.()2.The bus which was full of tourists stopped near the Leaning Tower of Pisa.()3.Melissa lent me some money,which was very generous of her.()4.The ground is covered with snow and ice,which makes driving very dangerous.()5.I met the famous professor in the hotel,where the meeting was held.DDNDNDND
