1、听力专题听力考题大纲（听力考题大纲（2019年起已改革）年起已改革）全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会自2019年6月考试起将对四、六级考试的听力试题作局部调整。四级听力部分各项占比：短篇新闻7%，长对话20%，听力篇章20%；六级听力部分各项占比：长对话8%，听力篇章7%，讲座/讲话20%。听力分值占比15%。1）四级对话部分（Listening Conversations）：对话部分共25题，包括短篇新闻，长对话和听力篇章。均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核，每段对话均朗读一遍。短篇新闻：有3段，共7题，每题1分；分值占比7%。长对话：有2篇，共8题，每题1分；分值占比8%。听力篇章：有3篇，共1
2、0题，每题2分；分值占比20%。六级听力改革2）六级对话部分（Listening Conversations）：包括长对话，听力篇章和讲座/讲话。均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核，每段对话均朗读一遍。长对话：有2篇，共8题，每题1分；分值占比8%。听力篇章：有2篇，共7题，每题1分；分值占比7%。听力篇章：有3篇，共10题，每题2分；分值占比20%。长对话解题技巧长对话在早期的四级考试是不存在的，改革后出现。长对话是短对话和短文的兼并，由一男一对一来一往对话，考察的是人与人的交流，对考生要求重点是是否能记住对话的内容。解题的关键在于如何做好笔记！常规解题常规解题技巧：技巧：1、更多单词或短语被读
3、到的选项就是正确选项2、原文经常会把正确选项的词用同义词来替换3、第一题经常对应原文第一句或第一回合4、顺序出题，边听边做，不等问题。以上是长对话和短文听力的常规解法，但进行了大量练习考生可能会发现，有些题目不止被读到一个选项，在原文听不太懂的情况下就困惑了，干扰选项大多出现在正确答案之后的位置，所以如果在听到两个选项又不敢确定的情况下，选择先听到的可能更容易做对长对话解题长对话解题技巧基本解题思路技巧基本解题思路A.预览选项判定题型（15秒）B.分析选项之间的逻辑关系（相同排除，相反取一；具有概括性的、深刻性的、表达委婉语气的选项往往是正确 答案；与其他三个选项比较是另类的要排除。）C.找出
4、不同提干下相关联的选项（实词）从3道考题12选项中可以看出对话中心不同题干 选项之间的逻辑上的漏洞。D.听音时注意把握第二重心（偶数）原则 2.4.6.8比1.3.5.7重要。女士原则E.做好笔记F.听清问题G.所听非所得 2019年12真题(一）9.A)It is used by more people than English.B)It is more difficult to learn than English.C)It will be as commonly used as English.D)It will eventually become a world language.10
5、.A)Its popularity with the common people.B)The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C)The influence of the British Empire.D)Its loan words from many languages.2019年12月真题(一）11.A）It has a growing number of newly coined words.B)It includes a lot of words from other languages.C)It is the largest among al
6、l languages in the world.D)It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.2019.12 真题一(Questions 12 to 15)12.A)To place an order.B)To apply for a job.C)To return some goods.D)To make a complaint.13.A)He works on a part-time basis for the company.B)He has not worked in the sales department for long
7、.C)He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D)He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.1 2019.12 真题一(Questions 12 to 15)14.A)It is not his responsibility.B)It will be free for large orders.C)It depends on a number of factors.D)It costs 15 more for express delivery.15.A)Make inqu
8、iries with some other companies.B)Report the information to her superior.C)Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D)Ring back when she comes to a decision.9.A)From the wanted column.B)From some of her friends.C)From a telephone directory.D)From a television commercial.10.A)She received full-time ed
9、ucation abroad.B)She graduated from an open university.C)She finished her secondary school.D)She studied in a vocational colledge.2019年12月真题（二）2019年12月真题（二）12 to 1512.A)It provides him with career opportunities.B)It helps enlarge his customer network.C)It has been off and on for ten years.D)It was i
10、nterrupted for four years.13.A)Individualized service.B)Traditional setting.C)Home-made beer.D)Social games.2019年12月真题（二）14.A)The quality of beer.B)The atmosphere.C)The owners attitude.D)The right location15.A)It is a rather tough job.B)It is a profitable businessC)It helps old people kill timeD)It
11、makes retirees feel useful.2019年12月真题（三）9.A)Arranging the womans appointment with Mr.Romero.B）Fixing the time for the designers latest fashion show.C)Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D)Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.2019年12月真题（三）10.A）Her travel to Japan.B)The awards cerem
12、ony.C)The proper hairstyle for her new role.D)When to start the make-up session.11.A)He is Mr.Romeros agent,B)He is an entertainment journalist.C)He is the womans assistant.D)He is a famous movie star.2019年12月真题（三）12.A）Make an appointment for an interview.B)Send in an application letter.C)Fill in an
13、 application form.D)Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.13.A)Someone having a college degree in advertising.B)Someone experienced in business management.C)Someone ready to take on more responsibilitiesD)Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.14.A）Travel opportunities.B)Handsome pay.C)P
14、rospects for promotion.D)Flexible working hours.15.A)It depends on the working hours.B)It is about 500 pounds a weeks.C)It will be set by the Human Resources.D)It is to be negotiated.2019年12月真题（三）短文听力短文听力共考核三段，题型无变化，共10道题，分值今年改革由以往的10%变为20%，是听力中拿分的重点的重点。最大的特点在于语速快，一篇短文250词左右，大约一分钟朗读130词，高峰时达到160词，也即
15、一篇文章一分多钟就读完了。童鞋们最大的难点在于跟不上，记不住，没反映过来就完了。因此此类考题答题技巧尤为重要。短文听力的命题特点1.形似阅读理解，难度相差悬殊。听力短文在形式上与阅读理解基本相同，都是根据材料所包含的信息回答后面提出的问题，但听力短文材料的难度比阅读理解小得多，只相当于一般的口语材料。因此考生完全没有必要被其外在形式吓倒。2.短文播放时间固定，但有弹性时间可利用。虽然短文播放的时间及回答问题的时间是固定的，但播放听力录音之前有大约90秒的试音时间，且在播放短文之前要播放本题的指令部分（directions),这些时间都是可以利用的。短文听力的命题特点3.短文体裁较为固定，为做出
16、正确判断提供了语境依据。听力短文多为说明文或叙述性小故事，材料较为通俗易懂，这使提前根据所给选项推断材料内容成为可能。4.选项已知，可作为推断短文内容的依据。虽然材料的内容只播放一遍，但每小题的选项是提前给定的，考生可以根据选项所提供的信息，利用前面提到的弹性时间进行推断，为充分获取短文信息创造更加有利的条件。5.各小题类型相对固定，有助于总结答题规律。多年来听力短文的试题类型是相对固定的，主要包括细节题、推断题、态度题、数字题、主旨题等。这给我们正确解题提供了启发和思路。短文解题技巧解题思路：1、预览选项，判定文体通常是两篇说明文和1篇记叙文如果是说明文，考题通常是两大类A)主旨大意题 （宏
17、观）B）细节推理题 （微观）如果是记叙文，则考查的是起因、经过、结果，人与人之间的关系和人与动作之间的匹配。短文解题技巧2、分析选项间的逻辑关系（相同排除，相反取一；具有概括性的、深刻性的、表达委婉语气的选项往往是正确 答案；与其他三个选项比较是另类的要排除。）3、找到不同题干下相关联的内容（实词相关原则）4、把握10组key words(关键词）Key Words哪些是Key Words?比如说你听到most important 后面不管听到什么词，听到什么你看选项里有的一定是正确答案。另外转折后，因果关系等这些也是关键词答案短文 keywordsKey words 指能够标志正确答案出现的
18、词，也就是说key words 后面往往是正确的答案。Key words 分为宏观和微观两个大的方向。宏观方向（代表passage 的主旨和大意）1.段首段尾句：任何一个篇章每一句话往往是重点2.设问句：一般疑问听升调，特殊疑问句听特殊问词(5w+1h)，读者读降调表示疑问，读升调往往表示不理解，不同意，不赞同的意思。比如whats your name?短文 keywords宏观方向（代表passage 的主旨和大意）3.总结性质的词汇：in brief,in particular,in short,all in all,generally speaking,conclude,conclusi
19、on,in word,so,you see,in fact,we can say,ok,anyway etc.通常 出现在说明文里作总结主旨和大意4.重复性质的信息：指实词重复5.首段转折：在第一段中出现 but,however,yet,instead,today后往往是正确答案。微观方向（细节信息）6.转折对比处：passage 中出现转折对比的词汇，转折对比的后面为正确答案。Although,though,even though,despite,in spite,however,but,yet,well,not but,instead,on the other hand,Unexpecte
20、d,unexpectedly,unfortunatelly,fortunately 7.因果关系：重因轻果Because,cause,for,since,be due to,lead to,result in,as a result短文 keywords微观方向（代表passage 的主旨和大意）微观方向(细节信息）8.定义处：something can be defined as something,that is so called,we call it the definition of is 9.强调处：语气强硬的词汇，形容词，副 词最高级 most or -est10.特殊修辞：排比
21、处-反向考 察 According to the passage,which one is NOT in the passage?,哪个没听见选 哪个，哪个没说选 哪个。举例处 for example,for instance比喻处 本体和喻体 各类题型应对技巧1.细节题。细节题出题点无处不在，但这并不是说无规律可循。细节题的答案往往由first，most，because，in any case，as a matter of fact等副词或副词短语引出，考生在听短文时，除了要尽量听懂所有细节外，一定要更加留意这些词后面的相关信息。2.推断题。多数推断题与每段的大意或短文的中心思想有关系，因此
22、在听短文录音时我们一定要注意文章中间和结尾总结性的话，特别是每部分的最后一句话。我们对这些话加以分析，往往不难找到正确的答案。各类题型应对技巧3.态度题。态度题的选项往往是四个形容词，所以考生在播放短文录音之前判断出有态度题，在听录音时就应特别留心fortunately,luckily,unfortunately等这样的具感情色彩的可以反映出speaker的态度的词。speaker对于谈论的对象可能有双向评论，如果听不出speaker的态度方向，建议同学们选正面态度的，因为反驳的文章往往更为复杂。4.数字题。数字题一般涉及时间、数量、年代等等。如果事先判断出有数字题，在听短文录音时就要特别留意
23、相关数字并尽可能地记下来。而且对于Section B的解题对策要与Section A完全要反过来，即听到哪个数字就要选哪个数字，这里的数字不考运算。各类题型应对技巧5.主旨题。对于主旨题，我们可以从三方面来把握：一是从选项入手。选项中出现的多次重复的词一定是中心词（key word）。二是从短文入手，要特别注意文章的两头，尤其是文章的开头的两个句子最重要，很有可能成为主旨题的考点，具体需要听的是文章开头的名词。选答案时要优先选含有该名词的选项。三是从短文后面的问题入手，这样也可以提供中心词的线索。大多数的考题都问及的词一定就是此段的中心词。2019年12真题（一）Passage one16.A
24、)No one knows for sure when they into being.B)No one knows exactly where they were first made.C)No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D)No one knows what they will look like in the future.2019年12真题（一）Passage one17.A)Measure the speed of wind.B)Give warnings of danger.C)Pass on secret mess
25、ages.D)Carry ropes cross rivers.18.A)To find out the strength of silk for kites.B)To test the effects of the lightning rodC)To proved that lightning is electricity.D)To protect houses against lightning.2019年12真题（一）Passage two19.A)She was born with a talent for languages.B)She was trained to be an in
26、terpreter.C)She can speak several languages.D)She enjoys teaching languages.20.A)They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B)They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C)They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D)They would like to live abroad permanently.2019年12真题（
27、一）Passage two21.A)She became an expert in horse racing.B)She learned to appreciate classical music.C)She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D)She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A)Take part in a cooking competition.B)Taste the beef and give her comment.C)Teach vocabu
28、lary for food in English.D)Give cooking lessons on Western food.2019年12真题（一）Passage Three23.A)He had only a third-grad education.B)He once threatened to kill his teacher.C)He often helped his mother do housework.D)He grew up in a poor single-parent family24.A)stupid B)Active.C)Brave.D)Careless.25.A)
29、Watch educational TV programs only.B)Write two book reports a week.C)Help with housework.D)Keep a diary.新闻听力解题思路四级听力新闻共三篇，共七道题，每篇长度大约200个单词，朗读语速在每分钟130个词左右。参考了TEM4考试新闻部分，其长度不大，虽然短小，但是信息量却很多，新闻听力需要让听众在短时间里获得最多的信息，一般将最重要的内容放在开头的第一句，这句话就是新闻的导语，通常包括了如what,when,where,who,why 和how 等新闻事实。后面的内容一般是针对导语的进一步展开
30、，所以新闻听力一般会采用主旨+细节的考查方法。通常考查的新闻细节包括时间、地点、行为、数字等方面。听力样题1.A）Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebelsB)An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.C)The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala.D)Blasts set off by a Somali group in Ugandas capital.2.A)On Christmas Eve.B)Just before midnight.
31、C)During a security check.D)D)In the small hours of the morning.新闻听力解题思路1.预览选项，推测新闻段落的基本内容2.根据选项判定题型 新闻听力一篇两道题，通常是主旨题和细节题。新闻特点主旨题在导语第一句。3.放音时边听边记4.听清问题5.所听即所得必须在平时开始积累。BBC 和 VOA、CNN、CHINA DAILY改编的新闻节目，经济类和环保类。听力练习步骤：1.做题2.对答案3.查阅听力原文 单词、短语、定位词4.再次做题5.跟读（长对话）答题关键必须听清楚 问什么 重 点 听 力英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇英语四级听
32、力必备之常见的新闻词汇negotiations,delegate,delegation,summit峰会 declaration sponsor,resolve their differences 消除分歧,promote peace 促进和平boost economic co-op加强经济合作make concession/compromise作出妥协pass a resolution通过决议veto a bill否决议案 break the deadlock打破僵局a scientific breakthrough科学突破an unexpected outcome出乎意料的结果sign/r
33、atify an accord/deal/treaty/pact/agreement签署协议英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇diplomatically isolated country在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions外交解决方案military option军事解决途径(动用武力),escalating tension逐步升级的局势,military coupe军事政变,forced from office被赶下台,step down/aside下台on the brink of war处于战争边缘,英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇
34、英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇 hot spot热点,take hostilities toward.对.采取敌对态度,sporadic fighting断断续续的战斗rebels,wounded,killed,injury,death,casualties伤亡heavy fighting激战,genocide种族灭绝,relief effort救济工作,humanitarian aid人道主义援助ethnic cleansing种族排斥,broker/mediate a ceasefire/truce促成停火,refugee,illegal alliens非法移民,mediator调解员,
35、end the bloodshed结束流血事件,special envoy特使peace-keeping forces维和部队,national convention国民大会guerrilla war游击战争,border dispute边境争端,armed conflict武装冲突,reconciliation调解fight corruption反*,corrupted election*的选举英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇peace process和平进程,give a boost to.促进,booming economy促进经济发展civil war内
36、战,mutual benefits/interests双赢cruise missile 巡航导弹,come to a conclusion达成一致coalition forces联合军队,interim/transitional govt过渡政府,sluggish economy萧条的经济on high alert 处于高级戒备状态,rebellion叛乱,rebel forces叛军Defense Minister,evacuate,flee from Pentagon五角大楼,impose/break a deadline规定/打破最后期限,retaliate报复英语四级听力必备之常见的新
37、闻词汇英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇speculate,disarmament agreement裁军协议,mandate,to lift a boycott取消禁令withdraw,embargo,impose sanctions against.实施制裁dismantle销毁,the implementation of an accord执行决议germ warfare介子战争,to ease the ban on ivory trade缓解对象牙贸易的禁令to harbor sb.保护,animal conservation动物保护,threatened/endangered spec
38、ies濒危物种英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇banking reform金融改革,commissioner代表go bankrupt破产,file for bankrupcy提出破产,deputy代表sensitive,hostage,kidnapped French nationals被绑架的法国人,rescue,release invade,US-led invasion美国领导的入侵,right-wing extremists右翼极端分子,external forces外部力量warring factions交战各方,topple the governm
39、ent*政府英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇英语四级听力必备之常见的新闻词汇illegal poaching非法捕猎,face extinction濒临灭亡stagnant/recession 萧条,financial crisis金融危机,deflation通货紧缩,inflation通货膨胀,retail prices零售价格,whole sale prices批发价格suicide bombing自杀性袭击事件,dispute,crisis,coflict,holy war圣战administration,regime,claim responsibility for.声称负责suspe
40、nd停止,resume继续,Gallup/opinion/exit poll,survey民意调查provocation挑衅,rule out the possibility of.,排除可能性stand trial受审,put.on trial审判某人,sue,file suit against.状告radioactive放射性,radiation辐射,uranium enrichment program铀浓缩计划nuke nonproliferation核部扩散suspect,arrest,detain,in custody被囚禁,on human rights abuse charges
41、反*罪名HIV positive HIV阳性,malaria,diabetes,hypertension,lung cancer,breast cancer*癌症fight poverty/starvation/hunger/disease/virus,stop the spread of.crack down on.严打,illegal drug trafficking毒品贩运,化学/生物/核战争piracy,pirated products盗版产品,fake goods假货notorious臭名昭著,bloody tyrant血腥独裁者,execute/execution处决,death penalty死刑,seminar,forum,peace coference,national convention,his counterpart同等级别的人,my predecessor/successor我的前任/后任,coalition party联合政党post-war reconstruction战后重建,pre-war intellegience战前情报,radar,espionage谍报,spying activity间谍行为,electronic warfare电子战争,chemical/biological/nuclear warfare
