1、动词动词-动词的分类动词的分类 小升初专题Lead inLead in什么是动词？动词是表示人或事物的动作、状态的词。它是英语中最重要的词类。1.及物动词及物动词Vt.2.不不及物动词及物动词Vi.3.(连连)系动词系动词4.助动词助动词5.情态动词情态动词Language pointsLanguage points1.及物动词Vt.表示动作或状态，有完整的词义。能单独作谓语，后面可直接跟宾语。Please show me your photo.请把你的照片给我看看。Language pointsLanguage points2.不及物动词Vi.表示动作或状态。有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后面
2、需要+介词跟宾语。Look at the blackboard,please.（at是介词）请看黑板。小学阶段常见Vi.:arrive wait swim cry laugh smile die sleep fall grow rise go come sit stand work Language pointsLanguage points3.(连)系动词本身有一定的词义。但不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。They look very tired.他们看上去很累。小学阶段常见系动词:be(am/is/are/was/were)feel look smell taste soundbe
3、come Language pointsLanguage points4.助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词的原形一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等的语法特征。-你弟弟喜欢游泳吗?-不，他不喜欢。-Does your brotber like swimming?-No，he doesnt.-不，他不喜欢。小学阶段常见助动词:be(am/is/are/was/were)do(does/did)have(has)will(shall)Language pointsLanguage points5.情态动词本身有一定的意义。但不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词的原形
4、一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，没有人称和数的变化。我可以进来吗?May I Come in?我们必须远离这幢建筑。We must stay away from the building.小学阶段常见情态动词:will/would can/could shall/should may/might must have to need否定形式：will not=wont can not=cant shall not=shant might not=mightnt must not=mustnt need not=neednt would not=wouldnt could not=could
5、nt should not=shouldnt may not 无缩写形式 二、有的动词在不同的句子中往往表现为不同的动词种类。例如:Language pointsLanguage pointsWe do our homework first after school.(及物动词)放学后我们先做家庭作业。How do you spend your weekend?(助动词)你怎样度过周末?二、有的动词在不同的句子中往往表现为不同的动词种类。例如:Language pointsLanguage pointsHelen is looking for her camera.(不及物动词)海伦正在找她的
6、照相机。The dress looks pretty on you.(连系动词)这件连衣裙穿在你身上很好看。三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多,例如:Language pointsLanguage points请检起这张十元纸币。Please pick up the ten-yuan note.请打开电视。Turn on The TV,please.三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多,例如:Language pointsLanguage points有些短语可以被称为动词短语,其主要类型有：动词+介词：
7、look for寻找 look at看 look after照顾 listen to听三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多,例如:Language pointsLanguage points有些短语可以被称为动词短语,其主要类型有：动词+名词+介词：take part in参加三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多,例如:Language pointsLanguage points有些短语可以被称为动词短语,其主要类型有：动词+副词：put on穿 take off 脱 turn on开 turn off关
8、blow out吹灭由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,如果宾语为名词,可把宾语放在副词前面,也可把宾语放到副词后面,如果宾语是人称代词,则必须把它放在动词与副词之间。例如:Language pointsLanguage pointsPut on the coat.=Put the coat on.穿上外套。（on是副词）Heres a sweater for you.Put it on,please.这儿有一件毛衣给你。请穿上它。由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,如果宾语为名词,可把宾语放在副词前面,也可把宾语放到副词后面,如果宾语是人称代词,则必须把它放在动词与副词之间。例如:Language
9、pointsLanguage pointsPick up the wallet.=Pick the wallet up.把钱包检起来My wallet is on the ground.Would you please pick it up for me?我的钱包在地上。你能帮我把它捡起来吗?(1)动词的限定形式动词在充当谓语时,它的形式受到主语的限制,要和主语在人称和数上保持一致,因此常称为动词的限定形式,这种限定形式主要表现为：四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。Language pointsLanguage points人称:与主语在人称上一致,例如:I am a student.(第一人称
10、单数)我是一名学生You are a doctor.(第二人称复数)你是一位医生。(1)动词的限定形式动词在充当谓语时,它的形式受到主语的限制,要和主语在人称和数上保持一致,因此常称为动词的限定形式,这种限定形式主要表现为：四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。Language pointsLanguage points数:与主语在数上一致。例如：He does some cleaning on weekends.（第三人称单数）他在周末打扫卫生。They do housework on Sundays.（第三人称复数）他们周日做家务。(2)动词的非限定形式动词还有一种不受主语限制的形式,称为动词的
11、非限定形式。这种形式不能独立作谓语,可以在句中充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语等。这种非限定形式主要表现为：四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。Language pointsLanguage points四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。Language pointsLanguage points动名词:主要起名词作用，可以作主语、宾语、表语等。例如:Seeing is believing.(作主语)眼见为实。1 like skating.(作宾语)我喜欢滑冰。My hobby is painting.(作表语)我的爱好是西画。注意:动名词的构成与现在分词的构成方法一样。四、动词的限定形式和非限定形
12、式。Language pointsLanguage points动词的to do形式:可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。例如:To walk is good for health.(作主语)散步有助于健康。My hobby is to draw.(作表语)我的爱好是画画。I want to draw a picture for you.(作宾语)我想为你画一幅画。Is there anything to eat?(作定语)有吃的吗?注意:to do形式又称为动词不定式,其中的动词用原形。PracticePractice真题演练：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。jump talk be ra
13、in take1.Its going to _.Heres an umbrella for you.rain解析：句意：将要下雨了，这有把雨伞给你。根据后面给雨伞,说明要下雨了,be going to 后接动词原形,故填rain.PracticePractice真题演练：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。jump talk be rain take2.You can _ the No.6 bus at the third crossing.take解析：句意：你可以乘坐六号公交在第三个路口。根据句意可知是“乘车”,can后接动词原形,故填take。PracticePractice真题演练：用方框
14、中所给单词的适当形式填空。jump talk be rain take3.Liu Tao _ farther than Wang Bing.jumps解析：句意：刘涛比王兵跳的更远。根据句意应选单词jump,刘涛为第三人称单数,故填jumps。PracticePractice真题演练：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。jump talk be rain take4.Mr Green is _ to his students about holidays.talking解析：句意：格林老师正在给他的学生们讲节日。根据句意可知,应使用动词短语 talk to sb.about sth.,故填 tal
15、king。PracticePractice真题演练：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。jump talk be rain take5.They _ farmers,too.are解析：句意：他们也是农民。they为复数,故填are。PracticePractice模拟训练：翻译短语。1.当心 _ 2.刷牙 _3.看书 _ 4.去公园 _5.看一看 _ 6.弹钢琴 _7.继续走路 _ 8.做一架飞机模型_9.上学 _ 10.有课 _11.关门_ 12.上网 _13.吃午饭 _ 14.野餐 _15.问一个问题_ 16.向右转_ be careful/look out brush ones teeth
16、 read books go to the park have a look play the piano walk on make a model plane go to school have classes close the door surf the Internet have lunch have a picnic ask a question turn rightPracticePractice模拟训练：翻译短语。17.看电视_ 18.去购物_19.爬上小山 _ 20.做某人的家庭作业_21.去游泳 _ 22.砍倒树木_23.捡起它 _ 24.听我说_25.散步 _ 26.看烟花
17、_27.看电影 _ 28.寻找风筝_29.跳得高 _ 30.写信给我_31.待在那儿 _ 32.坐公共汽车去_ watch TV go shopping climb up the hill do ones homework go swimming cut down trees pick it up listen to me take a walk watch fireworkswatch a film look for the kite jump high write to me stay there go by bus PracticePractice模拟训练：翻译短语。33.跑得快 _ 3
18、4.住在伦敦_35.周游世界 _ 36.看看我的包_37.到达那儿 _ 38.休息一下_39.拍照片 _ 40.变得激动_ run fast live in London travel around the world look at my bag get there have a rest take photos get excited 常见动词短语：do the dishes 洗碗碟 do morning exercises 做早操play basketball/football/volleyball/baseball/table tennis/tennis play chess/comp
19、uter games play the flute/drum/violin/trumpet/piano/guitar(乐器类+the)swept the floor cleant the window/blackboard make the bed see the doctorhave a try make a snowman go hiking/fishing/boating/swimming/.wake up/stand up/sit down/put up/.SummarySummary一、动词的分类：及物动词、不及物动词、连系动词、助动词、情态动词。二、有的动词在不同的句子中往往表现为
20、不同的动词种类。三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多。四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。HomeworkHomework用am,is或are填空(不需要的用“/表示)。1.Here _ some sweaters for you.2.I _ Li Lei.She _ Lucy.She and I _ good friends.3.-_ your jeans blue?-No,they _ not.4.You.he and I _ from China.5.My clothes _ blue.His _ yellow.6.Lucy and Lily _
21、twins.They _ Americans.They _look the same.7.Miss Gao _ our English teacher.She _ has a son.are am is are Are are are are are are areare is /HomeworkHomework用am,is或are填空(不需要的用“/表示)。8.His name _ Sun Huimin.He _ in our class.9.The students of Class Three _ on the hill now.10.This pair of gloves _ for
22、Yang Ling.用适当的动词填空。1.Its cold today,Please _ on the coat.2.There is a sports meet today.Ill _ part in it.3._ off the TV.Its time to go to bed.4.How does your brother _ his summer holiday?is is are is put take Turn spend HomeworkHomework用适当的动词填空。5.It means you shouldnt _ noise here.6.We can _ kites in spring.7.The jeans are too short._ this pair on.8.Can you _ French?make fly Try speak
