1、2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题*学科、专业名称：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各方向考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试 考试科目代码：706考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 Part I Grammar and Vocabulary (30 points) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence
2、or best explains the underlined word. Write your answer onto the answer sheet.1. Money and beauty, fame and status, _ for quite a long time vanished in the blink of an eye.A. he had possessed B. that he had possessed C. and he had possessed D. those he had possessed2. A series of high technology pro
3、ducts _ in the exhibition. A. has been laid out B. have been laid out C. has laid out D. have laid out3. The teacher, along with all his students, _ have a picnic this weekend. A. are going to B. is going to C. they will D. who will 4. The Titanic turned just in time, _ the immense wall of ice. A. n
4、arrow missed B. narrow missing C. narrowly missed D. narrowly missing5._, ideas can be expressed accurately and effectively.A. Used simple sentences B. Using simple sentences C. You use simple sentences D. Use simple sentences6. The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 s
5、ilver pennies, _.A. all of them were over 600 years old B. all of whom were over 600 years oldC. all of them over 600 years old D. all of that was over 600 years old7. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _.A. their parents seat together joking B. their parents seated togethe
6、r jokingC. their parents seating together joking D. their parents were seated together joking8. I programmed my computer to scan for viruses _.A. every time it turns on B. every time when it turns onC. every time turning on D. every time turned on9. Food is to men _.A. like oil is to machine B. as o
7、il to machineC. oil is to machine D. what oil is to machine10. _ may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. A fashion differs from country to countryB. That fashion differs from country to countryC. This Fashion differs from country to countryD. The fashion differs from country to count
8、ry11. _ is the lotus plants growing in the water.A. What makes the river more beautiful B. That makes the river more beautifulC. Making the river more beautifulD. Made the river more beautiful 12. Jack rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match _.A. when he is only sixteen years old B. when being onl
9、y sixteen years oldC. when only sixteen years old D. when been only sixteen years old13. _, he was quickly forgotten.A. After he had defeated by Jackson B. He was defeated by JacksonC. After defeated by Jackson D. After defeated Jackson14. No one can settle the question _.A. whether the new rule sho
10、uld be adopted B. that the new rule should be adoptedC. what the new rule should be adopted D. the new rule should be adopted15. The lights were high up on the cliffs _.A. , thus she knew she was near the shore B. thus she knew she was near the shoreC. , thus, she knew she was near the shore D. ; th
11、us, she knew she was near the shore16. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. A. records B. speeds C. distances D. periods17. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing
12、 a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today A. valued B. universal C. uncommon D. preserved18They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor,
13、 and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. A. avoid repeating B. talk about C. avoid thinking about D. find a solution for19. Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5 million from invertebrates, have been recovered, often in densely concentrated tang
14、led masses. A. buried beneath B. twisted together C. quickly formed D. easily dated20. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust. A. highlighted B. covered C. transformed D. contaminated21.
15、 The ocean bottom - a region nearly 2. 5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth - is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted, until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep.
16、A. unrecognizable B. unreachable C. unusable D. unsafe22. The DSDPs drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the oceans surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor. A. breaking B. locating C. removing D. ana
17、lyzing23. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canadas population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.A. new B. extra C. accelerating D. surprising24. When the prairies were being settled, undoubtedly, the g
18、ood economic conditions of the 1950s supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.A. tendency B. aim C. growth D. directive25. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought kn
19、own as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.A. surpassed B. inclined C. expressed D. applied26. The purpose of an advertisement is to make people respond - to make them react _ an idea, such as helping to prevent forest fires, or to make them want to buy a certain produc
20、t or service.A. against B. with C. to D. for27. To find proof, you have only to _ a magazine or newspaper or count the radio or television commercials that you hear in one evening.A. put up B. keep up C. take over D. leaf through 28. Whatever the government and parents decide, though, it is really t
21、he children who have to _ their decisions! A. live up to B. live to C. live with D. live on 29. To communicate, the man often resorts _ body language.A. to B. into C. over D. with 30. Motives or reasons for changing careers vary widely, but many people move because they feel stale or _ a grinding or
22、 dull routine.A. bound to B. fed up with C. filled with D. accustomed to Part II Proof-reading and Error Correction (10 points) Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is invo
23、lved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong wordUnderline the wrong and write the correct one in the blank provided on the answer sheet. For a missing wordMark the position of the missing word with a “” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in
24、the blank provided on the answer sheet. For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided on the answer sheet. The misfortunes of human beings may be divided into two classes: Firstly, those inflicted by the non-human environment and, second,
25、those inflicted by other people. As mankinds have progressed in knowledge and technique, the second class has become continually increasing percentage of the total. In old times, famine, for example, was due to natural causes, although people did their best to combat it, large numbers of them died o
26、f starvation. At the present moment large parts of the world are faced the threat of famine, but although natural causes have contributed to the situation, the principal causes are human. For six years the civilized nations of the world devoted all their best energies to kill each other, and they fi
27、nd it difficult suddenly to switch over to keeping each other live. Having destroyed harvests, dismantled agricultural machinery, and disorganized shipping, they find it no easy matter to relieve the shortage of crops in one place by mean of a superabundance in another, as would easily be done if th
28、e economic system was in normal working order. As this illustration shows, it is now man that is mans worst enemy. Nature, it is true, still sees to that we are mortal, but with the progress in medicine it will become more and more common for people to live until they have had their fill of life. We
29、 are supposed to wish to live for ever and to look forward to the unending joys of heaven, of which, by miracle, the monotony will never grow stale. But in fact, if you question any candid person who is no longer young, he is very likely to tell you that, having tasted life in this world, he has no
30、wish to begin again as a new boy in another. For the future, therefore, it may be taken that much the most important evils that mankind have to consider are those which they inflict each other through stupidity or malevolence or both.1. _2. _3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _Part III Cloze (20
31、points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) at the end of the passage. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Nowadays, more people are living closer together, and they use machines to produce leis
32、ure. As a result, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, become (1)_ by a byproduct of their machines, (2)_, noise. Noise is in the news; it has acquired political (3)_, and public opinion is demanding, more and more (4)_, that something (5)_ about it.To control noise is to dema
33、nd much (6)_ (annoyance arises often from (7)_ of common courtesy), a sense of proportion (there is usually a (8)_ of interest if a noise is to be stopped), the (9)_ of money (and it is far more economical to do this early (10)_ than late), and, finally, technical knowledge.Though the (11)_ cure for
34、 noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many (12)_ be impossible. The next (13)_ is to absorb it on its way to the ear. Domestic noises may be controlled by forethought and (14)_, and industrial noises by good planning and technical (15)_. But if we are going to (16)_ fast motor-cycles and h
35、eavy (17)_ lorries to pass continuously through residential and business (18)_, the community must decide (19)_ the control it needs to (20)_, for in the long run it has got to pay for it.1. a. damagedb. spoiltc. destroyedd. interfered2. a. unexpectedlyb. namelyc. ideallyd. swiftly3. a. standardb. s
36、tatusc. positiond. situation4. a. persistentlyb. permanentlyc. insistentlyd. stubbornly5. a. be doneb. to be donec. is doned. being done6. a. self-confidenceb. self-reliancec. self-disciplined. self-respect7. a. reasonb. lackc. virtued. deficiency8. a. controversyb. contrastc. contradictiond. confli
37、ct9. a. accumulationb. expenditurec. depreciationd. distribution10. a. otherb. morec. ratherd. better11. a. hopefulb. definitec. ideald. expected12. a. casesb. conditionsc. presentationsd. circumstances13. a. remedyb. solutionc. methodd. procedure14. a. courtesyb. meditationc. politenessd. precautio
38、n15. a. perfectionb. improvementc. acknowledgementd. adoption16. a. allowb. letc. prohibitd. approve17. a. decentb. dieselc. decibeld. datum18. a. regionsb. districtsc. zonesd. territories19. a. forb. atc. withd. on20. a. practiceb. exercisec. obtaind. acquirePart IV Reading Comprehension (30 points
39、) Directions: In this part of the test there are three reading passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on the answer sheet. Passage 1As the 21st century begins, a number of leaders in politics, education, and other professions belie
40、ve that the United States must adopt some new values to go along the older traditional ones. What new values should Americans adopt? This is a very difficult question to answer. Certainly, a greater value should be placed on the conservation of natural sources; Americans should learn to use less and
41、 waste less. But conservation has never been a strong value to Americans, who have believed that their country offered an endless, abundant supply of natural resources. Recently, progress has been made more and more Americans are recycling their paper, cans, bottles, and other goods but old wasteful
42、 habits die hard. Furthermore, their need to protect the environment may conflict with the need for job, as in the Northwest, where conservationists battle lumber companies that want to cut down ancient redwood trees. A belief in the value of conservation is still weak compared with other American v
43、alues; it can become stronger only as Americans see the need for it more clearly. In addition, Americans may need to place a stronger value on cooperation on a national scale to achieve important national objective. The American idea of the national good has never been based on national cooperation
44、but rather on the freedom of the individual, maintaining those conditions that provide the greatest freedom and prosperity for the individual. It is far more difficult for Americans to accept shared sacrifice for the common good and wellbeing of the entire country. For example, although the majority
45、 of Americans believe that is extremely important to balance the national budget and reduce the deficit, they do not want to see cuts in government programs that benefit them personally. The American value of competition also hinders the development of a spirit of national cooperation. Competition sometimes encourages feelings of suspicion rather than the mutual trust that is necessary for successful national cooperation. Although America
