1、B3U6 GrammarEllipsisUnless invited,I wont go to the party.Unless(I am)invited,I wont go to the party.ObserveTom likes collecting stamps but hates playing football.Tom likes collecting stamps but(Tom)hates playing football.Definition在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，突出在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，突出重点或使上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子重点或使上下文紧密相
2、连，可以省去某些句子成分而句子意思保持不变，这种语言现象称之成分而句子意思保持不变，这种语言现象称之为为省略省略。CONTENTS简单句中的省略01并列句中的省略02复合句中的省略03其它的省略04简单句中的省略Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。简单句的省略（简单句的省略（1 1）1.()Doesnt matter.2.()Thank you.3.()sit down.Summary 1Summary 1:在祈使句中，在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。语通常被省略。ItIYouObservation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。3.Why()not say hell
3、o to him?4.What()about a cup of tea?Summary 2Summary 2:有时句子还可以省略有时句子还可以省略_语和语和_语的一部分。语的一部分。do youdo you think 简单句的省略（简单句的省略（2 2）Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。5.Are you thirsty?Yes,I am().6.-Where should we go?-I dont care().Anywhere you want.Summary 3Summary 3:有时句子还可以省略有时句子还可以省略_语和语和_语的一部分。语的一部分。thi
4、rstywhere you go 简单句的省略（简单句的省略（3 3）Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。9.()Anything I can do?10.What a meaningful and unforgettable experience()!Summary 4Summary 4:_句型和句型和_句中的省略。句中的省略。Is thereIve gotthere be 简单句的省略（简单句的省略（4 4）Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。7.Its no use()crying.8.He has some difficulty()lea
5、rning English.9.My parents will go to Beijing next week.Summary 5 Summary 5:有时句子还可以省略有时句子还可以省略_词。词。inin 简单句的省略（简单句的省略（5 5）并列句中的省略Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。并列句的省略并列句的省略1.Tom likes collecting stamps but()hates playing football.2.My brother is a doctor and my sister()a lawyer.3.He has a knowledge o
6、f first aid but his friend doesnt ().SummarySummary:两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中_的部分。的部分。Tomishave a knowledge of first aid复合句中的省略Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。状语从句的省略状语从句的省略1.Though()tired,they went on working.2.While()walking in the park,I saw my good friend.SummarySummary:在以在以when,w
7、hile,once引导的引导的及以及以if,unless引导的引导的中和中和though,although引导的引导的中，如果主从句的主语一致或从句主语为中，如果主从句的主语一致或从句主语为It，且从，且从句中含有句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去_部分。部分。they wereI wasAttention!Had he(=_)taken my advice,he would have succeeded.If he had SummarySummary:虚拟条件句中常省略虚拟条件句中常省略if,将将_提到主语前。提到主语前。had,were,shouldObservatio
8、n one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。宾语从句的省略（宾语从句的省略（1 1）You were late again,and I hope you will explain why().Summary 1Summary 1:由由which,when,where,how和和why引导的引导的,若从句中表达的内容与主句内容若从句中表达的内容与主句内容，可将其省略，可将其省略，。you were late againObservation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。1.We all know()the earth runs around the sun.2.Mary said()she
9、is from American and she is 16 years old.Summary 2Summary 2:宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词_，但当有两个并列的宾语从，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第句时，第_个个that则不能省略。则不能省略。thatthat 宾语从句的省略（宾语从句的省略（2 2）Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。We suggest that Smith()be told about his physical condition as soon as possible.Summary 3Summary 3:suggest,in
10、sist,order,require等等表示表示的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形动词原形”，。should 宾语从句的省略（宾语从句的省略（3 3）Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。Is he coming back tonight?I think so.(=)Is he feeling better today?Im afraid not.(=)Summary 4Summary 4:为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，用替代词为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，用替代词“”表表赞同赞同前述事实，前述事实，“”表
11、表不赞同不赞同前述事实前述事实。常与常与等连用。等连用。I think he is coming back tonight.宾语从句的省略（宾语从句的省略（4 4）Im afraid he is not feeling better today.Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。定语从句的省略（定语从句的省略（1 1）1.I havent read the book(that/which)youre reading.2.That is the man(whom)I met in the park yesterday.Summary 1Summary 1:关系代词关系代
12、词that,which,who,whom在在中作中作，时可以省略。时可以省略。Observation one:在祈使句中，_语通常被省略。定语从句的省略（定语从句的省略（2 2）What surprised me was not what he said but the way(that/in which)he said it.Summary 2Summary 2:在定语从句中，在定语从句中，way作先行词作先行词，且在句中充当，且在句中充当时，时，可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。其它的省略 虚拟语气中的省略（虚拟语气中的省略（1 1）Had you come he
13、re yesterday,you would have Had you come here yesterday,you would have met her.met her.如果你昨天来这儿的话，你就会见到她了。如果你昨天来这儿的话，你就会见到她了。Summary 1Summary 1:虚拟条件句虚拟条件句常省略常省略if if，而，而将将were/had/shouldwere/had/should提前提前构成构成部分倒装部分倒装。虚拟语气中的省略（虚拟语气中的省略（2 2）We insisted that they(should)go with us.We insisted that the
14、y(should)go with us.我们坚决要求他们和我们一起走。我们坚决要求他们和我们一起走。It is suggested that we(should)go to see the film.It is suggested that we(should)go to see the film.有人建议我们去看这部电影。有人建议我们去看这部电影。Summary 2Summary 2:在在“一坚持一坚持”(insist)”(insist)；“二命令二命令”(order”(order，command)command)；“三三建议建议”(suggest,propose,advise)”(sugg
15、est,propose,advise)；“四要求四要求”(demand,”(demand,require,requestrequire,request，ask)ask)等后的等后的宾语从句宾语从句中，含这些词的中，含这些词的派生词的其他主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，以及派生词的其他主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，以及“It is“It is strange/natural/necessary/important that.”strange/natural/necessary/important that.”从句中从句中，常省略，常省略shouldshould。动词不定式的省略（动词不定式的省
16、略（1 1）What we need to do now is(to)study hard.Summary 1Summary 1:当主语中当主语中有实义动词有实义动词“do”的的某种形式某种形式时，时，作作表语表语的的不定式可省略不定式可省略“to”。动词不定式的省略（动词不定式的省略（2 2）1.He hopes to finish his work and(to)go back home as soon as possible.(并列关系并列关系)2.I havent decided whether to go camping or to stay at home.(对比关系对比关系)Su
17、mmary 2Summary 2:两个或多个不定式短语表示两个或多个不定式短语表示时，后面不定式短时，后面不定式短语的不定式符号语的不定式符号“to”通常被省略；通常被省略；如果表示如果表示，则不定式中的不定式符号则不定式中的不定式符号“to”通常要保留通常要保留。动词不定式的省略（动词不定式的省略（3 3）I saw her(to)go into the classroom just now.She was seen to go into the classroom just now.Summary 3Summary 3:后面后面作宾语补足语作宾语补足语的不定式一定要的不定式一定要省去省去“
18、to”,但在但在被动语态被动语态中须将中须将“to”复原复原。动词不定式的省略（动词不定式的省略（4 4）1.Are you going there?Yes,Id like to(go there).2.I asked him to stay here,but he refused to(stay).3.Though Jack isnt a driver,he used(a driver).4.He hasnt finished the task yet.Well,he ought(finished the task).Summary 4Summary 4:动词不定式中为了避免重复，动词不定式
19、中为了避免重复，省去省去与前面出现的与前面出现的相同部相同部分分，只保留只保留“to”，但如果在省略的不定式结构中，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有含有be,have,have been时，要时，要保留这些词保留这些词。介词的省略（介词的省略（1 1）I have some trouble(in)learning English.I have some trouble(in)learning English.我学英语有困难。我学英语有困难。Summary 1Summary 1:在英语中一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的介词常被在英语中一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的介词常被省略，而只保留后面的动名词。
20、如：省略，而只保留后面的动名词。如：spend time/money(in)doing sth.spend time/money(in)doing sth.have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.prevent/stop sb.(from)doing sth.prevent/stop sb.(from)doing sth.介词的省略（介词的省略（2 2）We have a final exam every term.We have a final exam every term.每学期我们举行一次期末考试。每学期我们举行一次期末考试。Summary 2Summary 2:表示时间的介词表示时间的介词atat、onon和和inin，在在nextnext、lastlast、thisthis、eacheach、thesethese、yesterdayyesterday、everyevery、tomorrowtomorrow等词之前，一般省略。等词之前，一般省略。Thank you!
