1、资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Overview What are supply chains?What is supply chain integration?How well integrated are supply chains in practice?How can managers increase the integration of their supply chains?10/13/20221资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。A Generic Supply ChainProduct disposalConsumptionMotherearthExtractorsmin
2、ersharvestersConverters(suppliers)OriginalequipmentmanufacturersDistributorsRetailersConsumers MaterialInformationCash (Hines,2004)10/13/20222资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。An Automotive Supply Chain Example(Childerhouse,2002)10/13/20223资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。A NZ Supply Chain Example10/13/20224资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。“T h
3、 e m a n a g e m e n t o f upstream and downstream relationships with suppliers and customers to deliver superior customer value at less cost to the supply chain as a whole”(Christopher,1998)Supply Chain Management(SCM)Definition10/13/20225资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。ServiceleaderCost andservice leaderCommodi
4、tymarketCostleaderLoHiHiLoProductivity advantageValue advantage(Christopher,1998)Tailored services Reliability Responsiveness Capacity utilization Asset turn Co-markership/schedule integrationSCM and Competitive Advantage10/13/20226资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Integration is a well recognised goal of supply ch
5、ain managementIntegrated supply chains provide superior value to consumersA truly integrated supply chain is seamless withall players thinking and acting as one Integration involves the removal of internal boundaries within a company and interface boundaries between companies Process boundaries Huma
6、n/social boundariesSupply Chain Integration10/13/20227资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。A Rowing Analogy10/13/20228资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。“The most common situation is when a firm achieves only partial integration on the outbound side and on the inbound side.”“managers report considerable difficulties in linking these t
7、wo types of external collaboration into an enterprise wide process.”The Great Divide(Bowersox et al,2002)10/13/20229资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。“Managers do not attempt to integrate operations in a vacuum,It is important to recognise barriers that serve to inhibit process integration.”Organization Measurement
8、 and reward systems Inventory leverage Infocratic structure Knowledge hoarding(Bowersox et al,2002)Internal Integration Barriers10/13/202210资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Stage one:baseline Stage two:functional integration Stage three:internal integration Stage four:external integrationManufacturingmanagementSta
9、ges of Supply Chain IntegrationPurchasingMaterialcontrolProductionSalesDistributionMaterialsmanagementDistributionMaterialsmanagementManufacturingmanagementDistributionMaterialsmanagementManufacturingmanagementDistribution(Stevens,1989)10/13/202211资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Presentation Progress What are sup
10、ply chains?What is supply chain integration?How well integrated are supply chains in practice?How can managers increase the integration of their supply chains?10/13/202212资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Organizations Studied 28 supply chains Collected over a seven year period Via a supply chain diagnostics tool 4
11、3 product value streams studied From the automotive,electronics,lighting,FMCG and dairy industries 10/13/202213资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Integration Maturity Results(Childerhouse,2002)Direction of integration maturity10/13/202214资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。(Childerhouse,2002)Individual Integration Maturity Results10/
12、13/202215资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。(Adapted from Childerhouse,2002)Individual Integration Maturity Results:NZ10/13/202216资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Three Steps to Supply Chain Integration(Towill et al.,2002)REDUCTION INCONTROL UNCERTAINTYREDUCTION INPROCESS UNCERTAINTYBASELINEFUNCTIONALINTEGRATIONREDUCTION INSUPPLY
13、UNCERTAINTYINTERNALINTEGRATIONEXTERNALINTEGRATIONREDUCTION INDEMAND UNCERTAINTYPCSDPCSDPCSDPCSD1.Put your own house in order first2.Then help your supplier to integrate with you3.Finally persuade your customers of the need for integration10/13/202217资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。12 Rules for Simplified Material
14、 Flow1.Only make products which can be quickly despatched and invoiced to customers2.Only make in one time bucket those components needed for assembly in the next3.Streamline material flow and minimise throughput time,press all lead times4.Use the shortest planning period/run quantity which can be m
15、anaged efficiently5.Only take deliveries from suppliers in small batches as and when needed6.Synchronise“Time Buckets”throughout the supply chain(Towill,1999)10/13/202218资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。12 Rules for Simplified Material Flow(Towill,1999)7.Form natural clusters of products and design processes appro
16、priate8.Eliminate all uncertainties in all processes9.Understand,document,simplify and only then optimise(UDSO)the supply chain10.Streamline and make highly visible all information flows throughout the chain11.Use only proved simple but robust Decision Support Systems12.The operational target is the
17、 seamless supply chain,“think and act as one”10/13/202219资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Average Adherence to the 12 Simplicity Rules(Childerhouse and Towill,2003)10/13/202220资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Correlation Between Simplicity and Integration(Childerhouse et al.,2004)10/13/202221资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Concluding Remarks
18、Supply chains are complex networks driven by consumer demands Supply chain integration is the removal of internal and external boundaries so that all players think and act as one Most supply chains are not well integrated in practice Managers can increase their level of integration by following the
19、three steps and by adhering to the 12 simplicity rules10/13/202222资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Implications for Practice You are not alone if you are struggling with the concepts of supply chain management Most supply chain problems can not be solved by IT software or large capital investments alone Supply cha
20、in management requires a change in mindset from adversarial to collaboration Consider the 12 rules next time you tackle a supply chain problem or want to enhance supply chain performance 10/13/202223资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Implications for Further ResearchCurrently looking for willing industrial partners
21、to investigate:How well integrated are New Zealand supply chains?What barriers slow supply chain management adoption in New Zealand?Which of the 12 rules are most useful in New Zealand?10/13/202224资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。“No organisation is an island upon itself,but a piece of a supply chain,part of the c
22、ontinent.When the bell tolls for the supply chain it tolls for them,because they are part of that system”(Adapted from Donne,1633)10/13/202225资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Comments and Questions?10/13/202226资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。Waikato Management School 2005 Research Seminar Series Making Supply Chains Work For Yo
23、uDr Paul Childerhousepchilderwaikato.ac.nz 10/13/202227资料仅供参考,不当之处，请联系改正。1.Wednesday,March 2:Entrepreneurial Marketing:Learning From High Potential Ventures Joe Lassiter2.Wednesday,18 May:(TONIGHT)Making Supply Chains Work For YouPaul Childerhouse3.Wednesday,21 September:Social&Sustainable DevelopmentWaikato Management School 2005 Research Seminar Series10/13/202228
