1、Unit 3 Getting along with othersGrammar and usageGrammar and usage Whats the function of the underlined part?1)Mary is a 21-year-old student.She is a nice girl.2)Mary is a student of 21 years old.Mary is a student in her twenties.3)Mary is a student aged 21.4)Mary is a student who is 21 years old.定语
2、名词+定语从句 披着句子外表的形容词1.What you said is right.2.I dont know what you talk about.3.It is what I think of.4.The boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.5.I was doing my homework when she came back.6.We all know the fact that you are a pig.Compound sentences01n.+从句从句 100%是定语从句？是定语从句？The mistake that he mad
3、e is harmful to the company.The news that he is a liar has spread around.Words came that the task should be finished by Friday.Its a mistake that he took the book without permission.定语从句缺成分antecedentthe main clauserelative pronounA restrictive relative clause is used to modify a noun,pronoun or noun
4、 phrase before it.David also had a friend.He trusted the friend a lot.whomDavid also had a friend.He trusted a lot.whom he trusted a lot.the attributivec clause()结构：先行词+关系词+从句关系词的作用关系词的作用 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：1._（连接定语从句和主句）（连接定语从句和主句）2._（替代前面的先行词）（替代前面的先行词）3._（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。（在定语从句中要充当一定
5、的句子成分）。连接替代做成分连词连词关系代词关系代词代词代词名词名词关系副词关系副词副词副词主、宾、表主、宾、表状语状语定语定语whoseBelow is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age.Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below.The first one has been done for you.Part A A real friend is someone who walks
6、 in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.not just the face that we show to the world.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.“Sharing”our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matt
7、er most to us.缺主语缺主语缺定语缺定语缺宾语缺宾语缺宾语缺宾语缺主语缺主语主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语指人指人指物指物指人和物指人和物主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhom（优先）（优先）whothatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose无what,howRulesA restrictive relative clause is used to modify a noun,pronoun or noun phrase before it.The noun,p
8、ronoun or noun phrase is the antecedent.We can use relative pronouns to introduce restrictive relative clauses.先行词RulesThe most frequently used relative pronouns include who,whom,which,that,whose.We use _ for things,and _ and whom for people.We can use _ for both things and people.We use _ to show p
9、ossession.The relative pronouns,who,whom,which,that,often act as a component in clauses.which who that whoseThe passage below is about friendship in a great novel.Complete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.Part B2 which/thatwhosewho/that(which/that)whichwhom/that/whowho/that
10、1）Thats all that I know.2）Is there anything that I can do for you?3）He answered few questions that the teacher asked.1，当先行词是或被它们修饰时。one2，当先行词形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。1）Thats the most interesting sport that I have ever played.2）The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3，当先行词有 the very,the only,t
11、he same等修饰时。1）Thats the only thing that I can do now.2）These are the very words that he used.4，当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that，而不用which或who。2）Which is the pen that you lost?1）Who is the boy that played football with you just now?身是 t ha t先行词本找出下列复合句中只能用找出下列复合句中只能用thatthat，不用，不用whichwhich连接连接的定语从句（的定语
12、从句（）。1.In China,parents always do everything _ they can to support their children.2.This is the place _ we visited yesterday.3.It was the largest map _ I ever saw.4.This is the last thing _ I want to do.5.He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels _ filled his bus.6.Chatting is the only t
13、hing _ interests her most.P70 C 同步导练01The forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy,a teenage girl.She had a problem with her best friend Jenny.She was a popular girl.She was willing to make friends with me.David also had a friend.He trusted the friend a lot.合并同类项合并同类项找替身找替身The forum excha
14、nge below includes a post written by Amy,a teenage girl who had a problem with her best friend Jenny.She was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me.David also had a friend whom he trusted a lot.Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses.Part B1 1.Common inte
15、rests provide rich ground.Many friendships grow from rich ground.Common interests provide rich ground _.whichfrom which many friendships grow2.When friends communication is warm and open,friendships grow best.Friendships grow best between friends _.friends communication=whose communication=the commu
16、nication of whichwhose communication is warm and openof which the communication is warm and openCommon interests provide rich ground from which many friendships grow.Preposition+which Preposition+that Friendships are like flowers which/that need to be taken good care of.A relationship with a true fr
17、iend(whom/who/that)you can count on will surely produce fruit.A relative pronoun can only be ignored when it acts as an object.3.Friendships are like flowers.These flowers need to be taken good care of.Friendships are like flowers _.which/thatwhich/that need to be taken good care of 4.A relationship
18、 with a true friend will surely produce fruit.You can count on a true friend.A relationship with a true friend _will surely produce fruit.whom/who/that you can count onwhom/who/that5.You have been helped by others.To make friends,you should help others in the same way.To make friends,you should help
19、 others the way _.01她说话方式很礼貌。She speaks in a polite way.你这样想不对。You were wrong to think this way.The way _ she speaks impresses me deeply.她说话的方式给我留下了深刻印象。that/in which(that/in which)How她是这样成功的。This is how she succeeded.She succeeded in this way.The way was not difficult to understand.He explained the
20、 sentence to us in the way.The way was not difficult to understand.He explained the way to us.The way(that/in which)he explained the sentences to us was not difficult to understand.The way(that/which)he explained to us was not difficult to understand.I dont like the way _ you talk to your parents.I
21、dont understand the way _ you thought of to solve the problem.(that/in which)(that/which)Difficult points5.You have been helped by others.To make friends,you should help others in the same way.To make friends,you should help others the way _.in which/that you have been helped by others 同步导练TipsFind
22、the relative pronouns/adverbs.Find two verbs.先行词先行词+(关系词关系词+1st谓语谓语).2nd谓语谓语 1st谓语谓语.先行词先行词+(关系词关系词+2nd谓语谓语).whowhomwhichthatwhose主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhom（优先）（优先）whothatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose 先行词中有人又有物时。先行词中有人又有物时。Do you know the things and perso
23、ns that they are talking about?只能用只能用that不能用不能用which的的5种情况种情况:先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。等时。This is all that I want from the school.先行词被先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。等修饰时。This is the very book that I have been looking for these days.当先行词被最高级修饰
24、时。当先行词被最高级修饰时。The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.当先行词被序数词修饰时。当先行词被序数词修饰时。The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.In pairs,describe a friend of yours using restrictive clauses.Part B3 My best friend is Hannah.I met her in a park where we play badmint
25、on.One day,the friend who I normally play with had to go to home early,and I was about to leave too.That was the moment when Hannah came up to me and asked if I wanted to play with her.We got on really well and soon became close friends.I know she is someone that I can rely on in times of difficulty
26、.Express your opinion on friends or friendship using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness.Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy.When in trouble,we need friends who can give us support and enc
27、ouragement.With success achieved,we also need friends that can share our joys.We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable.)the subject of the clausewhichsunshinethatantecedent Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness.Friendship is also one of the greatest ple
28、asures that we can enjoy.(one of the greatest pleasuresthe object of the clauseantecedent()the subject of the clausewhofriendsthatfriendsthe subject of the clauseantecedent antecedent When in trouble,we need friends who can give us support and encouragement.With success achieved,we also need friends
29、 that can share our joys.(We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable.()friends whoseantecedents A real friend is someone(whose support we can count on).whose support=someones support I saw a man shouting at a driver _ car was blocking the street.This is the little girl _ parents were killed in the great earthquake.whosethe drivers carwhosethe little girls parentsFind an article about friendship from books and appreciate sentences using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.
