1、ReadingLanguage pointsUnit 1 Back to school Reading(II)Realizing your potential(P2)发挥你的潜能单词单词potential n.潜力；可能性潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的潜在的，可能的 show/have potential 有潜能 have the potential to do sth 有做某事的潜能She has shown great potential as a singer.她表现出做歌手的巨大潜能。He has the potential to become a good football p
2、layer.他具有成为一名优秀足球运动员的潜质。potentially adv.潜在地，可能地Electricity is potentially dangerous.电有潜在的危险。The path before you leads to a world full of challenges.(P2)你们面前的路通向一个充满挑战的世界。challenge n.&vt.挑战；质疑挑战；质疑 face a challenge 面临挑战 meet the challenge 迎接挑战 take on/accept a challenge 接受挑战Traditional industries mus
3、t meet the challenge of the new technology.传统行业必须迎接新科技带来的挑战。We are facing a serious challenge.我们正面临着严峻的挑战。He accepted the challenge to swim across the river.他接受了游到河对岸的挑战。challenging adj.挑战性的 challenger n.挑战者It was challenging,but she also made it fun.这很有挑战性，但她也让它变得很有趣。The second challenger is a heav
4、yweight.第二位挑战者是一名重量级选手。However,for those of you with a positive mind,opportunity lies in each challenge.(P2)不过，对你们当中思维积极的人来说，每一个挑战中都蕴藏着机遇。positive adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 be positive about 对积极乐观的 on the positive side 从好的方面看She has a very positive attitude towards life.她对生活持有非常乐观的态度。As a star,
5、he has a positive influence on teenagers.作为明星，他对青少年的影响是正面的。Be positive about your future and get on with living a normal life.要对自己的未来充满信心，继续过一种正常的生活。On the positive side,the waste of resources has been reduced.从好的方面看，资源的浪费减少了。negative adj.悲观的，消极的；否定的，拒绝的 Try not to let negative thoughts take over.尽量
6、别受消极的想法左右。When you rise to the challenges,you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.(P2)在迎接挑战的时候，你们将有机会掌握大量的知识，并享受个人的成长。acquire vt.获得，得到获得，得到She has acquired a good knowledge of English after ten years of learning.通过十年的学习，她的英语已经掌握得很好了。The couple acquired a ne
7、w flat recently.那对夫妇最近买了一套新公寓。acquisition n.（知识、技能等的）获得；购得物 language acquisition 语言习得He devotes his time to the acquisition of knowledge.他把时间用在获取知识上。Most importantly,your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.(P2)最重要的是，你们在高中阶段度过的时光、付出的努力将会为你们叩开潜能的大门。effort n.努力，费
8、力的事；试图努力，费力的事；试图 put effort into sth 努力做某事 with little/without much effort 不费力 spare no effort to do sth/make every effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事A lot of effort was put into making the invitation.制作请帖花了很多精力。He finished the task with little effort.他没费多少力就完成了任务。We will spare no effort to make our city a be
9、tter place.我们将不遗余力地把我们的城市建设得更美好。effortless adj.不需费力的，容易的He made playing the guitar look effortless.他弹起吉他来显得毫不费力。Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create,what medical advances you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop!(P3)谁知道未来你们能创作出哪些精美的艺术品，实现哪些医学突破，或者开发出哪些不可思议的技术！adva
10、nce n.进步，进展；前进，行进进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.&vi.发展，进步发展，进步 make advances in.在方面取得进步 in advance 预先，事先We made great advances in the chemical sciences.我们在化学研究中取得了重大进步。We arrived there half an hour in advance.我们提前半个小时到了那里。The armys advance towards the capital was fast.军队正在迅速向首都前进。advanced adj.先进的；高等的Advanced techno
11、logy has brought us great convenience.先进的科技给我们带来了巨大的便利。You need a dictionary for advanced learners.你需要一本供高阶学习者使用的词典。Of equal importance are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.(P3)同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能以及积极的态度。equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的相等的；平等的；相当的 n.同等的人（物）同等的人（物）linking v.与与相等相等 vt.比得上
12、比得上 be equal to sth 能胜任 be equal in 在方面相等 be without equal 无与伦比He wasnt equal to the job,so wed better pay him off.他无法胜任这份工作，所以我们最好打发他走人。These two pieces of wood are equal in length.这两块木头一样长。His chess-playing skill is without equal.他的棋艺无人能敌。equally adv.平等地；同样地 unequal adj.不平等的；不相同的 She felt unequal
13、to the task she had set herself.她觉得难以完成给自己定下的任务。In fact,Im looking forward to being more independent.(P5)事实上，我期待着可以更加独立independent adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的自主的，有主见的；自立的 be independent of 不依赖于Going to college will make you more independent.上大学会使你更加独立。Your questions should be independent of each other.你们的问题应该是
14、相互间毫无关联的。He wants to be financially independent of his parents.他不想在经济上依靠父母。dependent adj.依靠的；取决于 independence n.独立；自立The area is heavily dependent on tourism.这个地区非常依赖旅游业。He was afraid of losing his independence.他担心丧失自己的独立。I cant wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.(P5)我迫不及待地
15、要向你们描述高中生活的模样。*what引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句what引导的从句作describe的宾语。本句原为describe sth to sb的结构，但因从句充当的宾语太长，故置于句末，而what在宾语从句中充当介词like的宾语。what引导的宾语从句可以表示两种不同的意义，即疑问意义和关系意义。疑问意义是指what表示“什么”，关系意义是指what表示“的东西”，可以解释为the thing(s)which或all that。如：I asked the teacher what impressionism is.（疑问意义）我问老师印象主义是什么。I shared with m
16、y classmates what I read in the vacation.（关系意义）我跟同学们分享了假期读的东西。what在宾语从句中也可以充当其他成分。如：We dont know what will be done next.（what在从句中作主语）我们不知道下一步要怎么办。I havent been told what the plan is.（what在从句中作表语）还没有人告诉我计划是什么。句式句式 Of equal importance are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.同样重要的还有
17、良好的学习习惯、实用的技能以及积极的态度。*完全倒装完全倒装句子的主语是good study habits,useful skills and a positive mind，但作者为了实现句子的平衡，把谓语动词are置于主语之前，这是一种倒装语序，而且是完全倒装。通常使用倒装语序是为了实现句子的平衡或使上下文衔接紧密。如：Gone are the days when my mum would read me a bedtime story.妈妈给我讲睡前故事的日子一去不复返了。He found an old tree in the garden.Lying under the tree wa
18、s a white cat.他发现花园里有一棵老树，树下躺着一只白猫。(1)表示方位的副词（out、in、away、up、down、off等）或表示地点的介词短语（in the room、on the table等）置于句首时，谓语动词置于主语前，构成完全倒装。如：Up flew the balloon.气球飞上了天空。On the wall hangs a photo.墙上挂着一张照片。(2)当only修饰状语置于句首时，当否定副词never、hardly、little等以及表示否定意义的介词短语at no time、in no case等置于句首时，以及当so后面接形容词或副词置于句首时，
19、只把谓语动词的一部分置于主语之前，构成部分倒装。如：Only by setting a goal can we find the focus of our life.只有设定了目标，我们才能找到生活的重心。Never will I forget the help she gave me when I was in trouble.我永远都不会忘记她在我困难时给予我的帮助。So fast did he run that nobody caught up with him.他跑得如此之快，以至于没有人能赶上他。In time you will find yourself growing into
20、a well-rounded individual.最终，你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。*find+宾语宾语+宾补宾补本句式意为“发现某人/某物”，宾补是说明宾语的意义、状态等。本句中的动词-ing形式短语growing into a well-rounded individual对宾语起补充说明的作用，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，表示正在进行。find+宾语+doing 发现正在做（宾语与构成宾补的动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系）find+宾语+done 发现被做（宾语与构成宾补的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系）I often find him talking to himself.我经常发现他自
21、言自语。We found the problem unsolved.我们发现问题还没有解决。(1)在see、watch、observe、notice、hear、listen to、feel等感官动词的宾语后面也经常接不带to的不定式、动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。如：I heard her singing when I passed by the music room.我路过音乐教室的时候听到她在唱歌。I heard her sing an English song just now.我刚听她唱了一首英文歌。I saw some students criticized by o
22、ur principal.我看到有些同学被校长训斥了。(2)在“感官动词+宾语+宾补”的结构中，不定式不带to，而在该结构的被动语态中，to要还原。如：She was heard to sing that song.她被人听到唱了那首歌。As Lao-Tzu wisely said,“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”正如老子睿智的箴言所说的那样：“千里之行，始于足下。”*as引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句替代整个主句“A journey of a thousand miles
23、begins with a single step.”as引导的非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可位于主句前面，或插在主句中，或位于主句后面，通常用逗号将其与主句隔开，译为“正如，正像”。如：He is an American,as we can know from his accent.他是个美国人，正如我们从他的口音上可以得知的那样。As we all know,practice makes perfect.众所周知，熟能生巧。(1)as引导限制性定语从句时，经常用于以下句式中：such+名词+as 像一样的 the same+名词+as 和一样的No one will believe su
24、ch stories as he told.没人会相信他讲的故事。This is not the same city as we saw ten years ago.这座城市已经不是我们十年前看到的那样了。(2)as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：句中位置：as可在句前，可在句后，也可在句中；which只能置于主句之后。替代内容：as替代整个主句；which替代整个主句或主句中的某个词。There are some apples,the biggest of which is given to Mike.有一些苹果，其中最大的给了迈克。The price of the machine,
25、as we had expected,was well above what we could afford.正如我们所预料的，那台机器的价格远远超出了我们的承受能力。Building your languageB1Maggie,a new student,wrote about her first day at senior high school.Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.challenge confidence acquire rise to
26、effort responsible balance take advantage ofIve just finished my first day of senior high school and I really enjoyed it.Ive been told that schoolwork will present more of a(n)(1)_ in the years ahead,and that the teachers will hold us to higher standards.This means Ill have to put a lot of(2)_ into
27、my studies.Ill also need to be very careful about(3)_ my schoolwork and hobbies.This is all quite new and different from my life at junior high school,but Im sure Ill(4)_ all these challenges.In fact,Im looking forward to being more independent and(5)_ for my own learning.There is so much knowledge
28、I need to(6)_,so Ill work harder than ever.I also plan to(7)_ every opportunity to improve my communication skills.Ill make more friends by joining some clubs.I have(8)_ in my ability to do well at senior high school!challengeeffortbalancingrise toresponsibleacquiretake advantage ofconfidenceB2The s
29、peech uses some adjectives.Note the following suffixes and think of more adjectives formed with them.Then fill in the table below with as many words as you can.Forming adjectives with suffixesWe can form adjectives by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs.Sometimes we need to leave out or change the fin
30、al letter(s)of a word before adding a suffix,e.g.:centrecentral,decidedecisive.Parts of speechSuffixesWordsNouns-fuluseful,-lessendless,-alnatural,Verbs-iveactive,-ouscontinuous,beautiful,helpful,careful,meaningful,successful,colourful,wonderful,skilful,powerfulpriceless,careless,meaningless,jobless
31、,homeless,fearless,useless,harmlesspersonal,cultural,governmental,national,educational,criticalattractive,protective,impressive,creativevariousB3The speech uses a number of parallel structures.Find them in the speech and use a similar structure to encourage someone who is unhappy.Parallel structures
32、 use the same pattern of words or sentences.They can add balance to sentences and make the language more powerful and effective.Learn this Today is the start of a new term,the start of a three-year journey and the start of a promising future.The path before you leads to a world full of challenges:a
33、new environment,new knowledge and new ways of thinking.Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create,what medical advances you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop!The possibilities are endless,and I have confidence in your ability to make a difference to your family,to yo
34、ur community and to our country.Take advantage of your classes,learn from your teachers and classmates,and make use of our school facilities.Of equal importance are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.Carefully plan your study,set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.Be confident,do your best and make us proud!Review the words and expressions learned this class.
