1、 从从 句句 主语从句主语从句 表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句名词性从句名词性从句定语从句定语从句基本概念基本概念组成组成关系词关系词先行词先行词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词What is an attributive?(何为定语？)There is a huge cake This is the real me 用于用于修饰名词、代词修饰名词、代词的句子成分为定语。的句子成分为定语。定语常由定语常由形容词形容词或或形容词性短语形容词性短语来充当。来充当。What is an attributive clause?(何为定语从句？何为定
2、语从句？)在主从复合句中，用于在主从复合句中，用于充当主句的定语成分充当主句的定语成分(用于用于修饰某名词修饰某名词,代词或名词短语代词或名词短语)的从句，称为定语的从句，称为定语从句从句(形容词性从句形容词性从句)。There is a cake that is huge.This is the part of me that is real.Justin Bieber is a famous singer.+He sings the song As long as you love me in the album of Believe.Justin Bieber is a famous s
3、inger who sings the song As long as you love me in the album of Believe.He is a little boy.He is eating.He is a little boy who is eating.He is a popular singer.His song is popular among young people.He is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people.I showed him the letter.I received it
4、 this morning.I showed him the letter(which)I received this morning.定语从句的结构定语从句的结构e.g.Justin Bieber is a famous singer who sings the song Baby.先行词（可放入从先行词（可放入从句中充当一定成分）句中充当一定成分）定语从句（在先行词后；定语从句（在先行词后；从句中常缺成分）从句中常缺成分）Do you know the man?He spoke just now.Do you know the man who spoke just now?关系词（引导定从
5、；代关系词（引导定从；代替先行词；在从句中作替先行词；在从句中作一定成分）一定成分）谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体真正的友谊犹如健康的身体,失去时失去时方知其可贵。方知其可贵。ProverbsFriendship is like health,the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.He who laughs last laughs best.定语从句定语从句基本概念基本概念组成组成关系词关系词先行词先行词关系代词：关系代词：that，which，who,whose,whom关系副词：关系副词
6、：when,where,whywho,whom区别区别that(the same as,the same that区别）区别）which，that区别区别who，that区别区别指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略Who,whom区别He is a man _ we should learn from.He is a man from_ we should learn.缺主语用who，缺宾语用whomwho、whomwhomwho/
7、whom，that用法：指人就用who/whom；既有人又有物用thatwhich，that用法：1.非限制性定语从句（有逗号）用which；2.关系词前有介词用which；3.其他均用that练习练习1.The man-is talking with my father is a pliceman.2.The professor-you wish to see has gone abroad.3.He is the doctor to-your mother spoke.4.He lives in a room-window faces north.5.He is the doctor-yo
8、ur mother spoke to.6.This is the woman scientist-name is known all over the country.7.The poor man-lost his money just now is called John.8.I have read all the books-you lent me.9.dont like the job_she offered me.10.I shaved off the beard _I grew during my trip to Australia.11.That is the man _I tol
9、d you about.12.The men_were repairing the road made all the noise.13.It is the English proverb_made me think a lot.考点二1.when关系副词关系副词when，where，why1.Do you know the date _ Lincoln was born?A.which B.on whichC.when D.where作定从的时间状语作定从的时间状语指时间指时间,在从句中表示在从句中表示在在.时间时间=in/on.+which先行词为时间名词先行词为时间名词2.The far
10、m _ we picked cotton was 90 kilometers away.A.when B.where C.why D.on which作定从的地点状语作定从的地点状语指地点指地点,在从句中表示在从句中表示在在.地点地点=in/on.+which先行词为地点名词先行词为地点名词(situation,business,case,point,surroundings,environment,scene等为地点概念的等为地点概念的名词名词)2.where3.I dont know the reason _ he looks unhappy.A.that B.why C.for whic
11、h D./3.why作定从的原因状语作定从的原因状语指原因指原因,在从句中表示在从句中表示因为因为.原因原因=for which先行词为先行词为reasonI disapprove the reasons _ he came up with.A.that B.why C.for which D./因此先行词虽然为因此先行词虽然为reason,但如果连接词在从句中作主语但如果连接词在从句中作主语或者宾语或者宾语,则只能用则只能用that/which4.以以way为先行词的定语从句问题。为先行词的定语从句问题。I dont like the way _ he talked to his mothe
12、r.I dont like the way _ he chose to do it.A.that B.in which C./D.howwayway方式，方式，方法方法1.1.连接词如果在从句中作状语时连接词如果在从句中作状语时,用用thatthat或者或者in whichin which且可以略。且可以略。2.2.连接词如果在从句作主语或宾连接词如果在从句作主语或宾语，用语，用thatthat或或whichwhich I still remember the day.=when(1)(2)on the dayI came here=on which我仍然记得（我来到这里的）那天。我仍然记得（
13、我来到这里的）那天。(1)我仍然记得这天。我仍然记得这天。(2)在这天我来到这里。在这天我来到这里。This is the house.last year.=in which=whereI lived in the house (1)(2)就是这所（我去年住过的）房子。就是这所（我去年住过的）房子。(1)就是这所房子。就是这所房子。(2)我去年在这所房子住过。我去年在这所房子住过。He gave a reason.=for which=why(1)(2)for the reason.people like music(1)他给了一个原因他给了一个原因(2)因为这个原因人们喜欢音乐。因为这个原因
14、人们喜欢音乐。他给了一个（人们喜欢音乐的）原因。他给了一个（人们喜欢音乐的）原因。I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.I dont like the way that you speak.on the day=on which=whenin the house=in which=wherefor the reasons=for which=whyin the way=
15、that=in which关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these
16、two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况3 Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?固定动词或介词短语搭配固定动词或介词短语搭配1.Do you like the book she spent$10?2.Do you like the book she paid$10?3.Do you like the boo
17、k she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book she often talks?5.He built a telescope he could study the skies.6.There is a tall tree outside,stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _is the Yellow River.8.The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9.The man _ I spok
18、e on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.练习练习1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to
19、 the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _he gave.几种易混的情况几种易混的情况1.Is this the factory _ his father visited last year?2.Is this the factory _ his father worked last year?3.I will never forget the time _ I spent with the villagers.4.I will never forg
20、et the time _ I stayed with the villagers.5.I dont believe the reason _ he gave for his absence.6.I dont believe the reason _ he was absent.7.It is this shop _ I bought all these things.8.It is in this shop _ I bought all these things.9.It was 1949 _ PRC was founded.10.It was in 1949_ PRC was founded.11.All _ I do is for you.12._ I do is for you.13.It is so difficult a question _ no one can solve it.14.It is so difficult a question _ no one can solve.15._ is announced,the meeting was put off.16._ is announced that the meeting was put off.17._ is announced is that the meeting was put off.
