1、*在句子在句子不做谓语成分不做谓语成分的动词的动词叫做叫做非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词做什么句子成分？做什么句子成分？有哪些表现形式？有哪些表现形式？非谓语动词非谓语动词动词不定式动词不定式动名词动名词分词分词to+VV+ingVing/Ved一一动动词词不不定定式式做主语、做主语、表语表语To see is to believe.He likes to play.He asked me to go.I have a lot to do.Im here to meet you.I dont know how to do it做宾语做宾语做宾补做宾补做定语做定语做状语做状语疑问词疑问
2、词+to+V做主语做主语To be with you is very enjoyable.To learn a foreign language is not easy.和你们在一起很快乐。和你们在一起很快乐。学好一门外语并不容易。学好一门外语并不容易。ItIt is very enjoyable to be with you.ItIt is not easy to learn a foreign language.形式主语形式主语真正主语真正主语常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree agree to doto do(同意同意)hope hope to d
3、oto do(希望希望)decide decide to doto do(决定决定)needneed to do to do(需要需要)meanmean to do to do(打算打算)wishwish to do to do(希望希望)fail fail to do to do(失败失败)want want to do to do(想要想要)begin begin to do to do(开始开始)would like would like to do to do(想要想要)做宾语做宾语1)I mean _(stay)here for a long time.2)Im so hungry.
4、I cant wait _(eat)the cake.3)Li Ling made up her mind _(keep)a diary every day.4)He felt so sad that he fail _(see)the film.5)I agree _(go)for a picnic tomorrow.My My dreamdream is is to to be an engineerbe an engineer.His job His job is is to take care of the babyto take care of the baby.All you ha
5、ve to do All you have to do is is to study hardto study hard.做表语做表语The most important thing is _(work)out the problem.我的梦想是成为一名工程师。我的梦想是成为一名工程师。他的工作是照看一个婴儿。他的工作是照看一个婴儿。你要做的一切就是努力学习。你要做的一切就是努力学习。sb.sb.to doto do sth.sth.想要某人做某事想要某人做某事 sb.sb.to doto do sth.sth.邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事 sb.sb.to doto do sth.sth.期
6、待某人做某事期待某人做某事 sb.sb.to doto do sth.sth.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 sb.sb.to doto do sth.sth.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事 做宾补做宾补_ promisepromise sb.sb.to do to do 答应某人做某事答应某人做某事 warnwarn sb.not sb.not to do sthto do sth.告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事 allow allow sb.sb.to do sthto do sth.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 remindremind sb.sb.to do to do sth.sth.提醒
7、某人做某事提醒某人做某事 helphelp sb.sb.(to)do(to)do sth.sth.帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事_做宾补做宾补1)He is the first person _(get)to school.2)The doctor said he could do nothing _(help)the boy 3)I have a small bedroom _ A.living B.live in C.to live D.to live in 4)Have you got some pens _？A.to write B.writing with C.to write wit
8、h D.writing做定语做定语常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，且动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉后面的介词。且动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉后面的介词。live in the room write with the pens1)I heard her _(sing)when I passed by.2)I often heard her _(sing)in the evening.3)She was heard _(sing)in the next door last night.
9、4)She was often heard _(sing)in the evening.a目的状语：目的状语：I come _(see)you He runs fast in order to _(get)there in timeb原因状语：原因状语：I am glad you here c作结果状语。作结果状语。Some of the apples are hard 返回返回做状语做状语疑问词不定式疑问词不定式 不定式前可带不定式前可带what，who，which，where，when，how,whose，等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、，等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补
10、足语、主语等。宾语补足语、主语等。例：例：He didnt tell me where to go.(直宾直宾)I dont know what to say now.(宾语宾语)I dont know what to do next（宾语）（宾语）He taught us how to use the computer（宾语补足语）（宾语补足语）Its still a question how to get there（主语）（主语）返返回回 一些省略一些省略to的句型的句型(1)Why not+动词原形动词原形(2)Why dont you+动词原形动词原形(3)Youd better+动
11、词原形动词原形(4)Youd better not+动词原形动词原形(5)Will/Would you please+动词原形动词原形(6)Will/Would you please not+动词原形动词原形(7)sb do nothing but+动词原形动词原形(8)help sb.（to）do sth(9)Would rather do宁愿做宁愿做(10)情态动词情态动词+do 助动词助动词+do感官动词感官动词“一感，二听一感，二听 ，三让，三让 ，四看，四看”1.feel 2.hear,listen to3.let,make,have4.look at,see,watch,notic
12、e look forward to doing sth.（盼望）（盼望）pay attention to doing sth.（注意）（注意）be used to doing sth.（习惯于）（习惯于）prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更（更喜欢）喜欢）devote to doing sth （致力于）（致力于）make a contribution to doing（做贡献）（做贡献）1)1)_(eat)_(eat)too much is bad for your health.too much is bad for your health.2)What abo
13、ut2)What about _(go)shopping_(go)shopping？3)Do you min3)Do you mind_(lend)d_(lend)the interesting the interesting book to me?book to me?*动名词有动名词有动词动词和和名词名词的性质。的性质。动名词作主语谓语用第三人称单数动名词作主语谓语用第三人称单数介词介词+V-ing+V-ing动词动词+V-ing+V-ing动名词动名词 V+ingEatingEating goinggoinglendinglending常见接常见接V-ingV-ing的动词有的动词有:动
14、词词组动词词组:finish,enjoy,practice,mind,keep,go,finish,enjoy,practice,mind,keep,go,considerconsider,suggest,imagine,insist,advoidsuggest,imagine,insist,advoidhave fun doing sth.make a living doing.spenddoing.be busy doing.feel like doing.keep sb doing.高兴做某事高兴做某事.以做以做.为生为生花时间做花时间做.忙于做忙于做.想做想做.使某人一直做使某人一直做
15、.不定式与动名词的比较不定式与动名词的比较哪些动词后接不定式或动名词哪些动词后接不定式或动名词意义差别不大的？意义差别不大的？like like to doto do like like doing doing hate hate to doto do hate hate doing doing begin begin to doto do begin begin doing doing start start to doto do start start doing doing 哪些动词后接不定式或动名词哪些动词后接不定式或动名词意义差别较大的？意义差别较大的？1.忘记做过某事（已做过）忘记
16、做过某事（已做过）忘记要去做某事（还没做）忘记要去做某事（还没做）3.把正在做的某事停下来把正在做的某事停下来停下去做另外的事停下去做另外的事4.尝试去做某事尝试去做某事努力去做某事努力去做某事2.2.记得做过某事记得做过某事(已做已做)记住要去做某事（未做）记住要去做某事（未做）forget doing sthforget to do sth remember doingremember to do stop doing sth stop to do sthtry doing sth.try to do sth.5.try to do5.try to do努力，企图做某事努力，企图做某事 t
17、ry doingtry doing 试验，试着做某事试验，试着做某事 6.stop to do6.stop to do停下来去做另一件事停下来去做另一件事 stop doingstop doing停止正在做的某事停止正在做的某事 7.go on to do7.go on to do接着做另一件事接着做另一件事 go on doinggo on doing 继续做原来做的事继续做原来做的事 8.mean to do8.mean to do 打算、想打算、想 mean doing mean doing意味着意味着9.be afraid to do9.be afraid to do主观上主观上“害怕
18、做某事害怕做某事”be afraid of doingbe afraid of doing客观上担心后果，意为客观上担心后果，意为“生怕，恐怕生怕，恐怕”感官动词感官动词 ：see,watch,look at,notice,see,watch,look at,notice,hear,listen to,feelhear,listen to,feel 可跟动词什么形式？可跟动词什么形式？+do+do表示动作的表示动作的完整性完整性，真实性真实性+doing+doing表示动作的表示动作的连续性连续性，进行性进行性see sb.see sb.doing doing see sb.see sb.do
19、 sth.do sth.hear sb.hear sb.doing doing hear sb.hear sb.do sth.do sth.watch sb.watch sb.doing doing watch sb.watch sb.do sth.do sth.notice sb.notice sb.doing doing notice sb.notice sb.do sth.do sth.典型例题典型例题1）They knew her very well.They had seen her _ up from childhood.A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.
20、to grow 2）The missing boy was last seen _ near the river.A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play分词分为分词分为现在分词现在分词和和过去分词过去分词。区别：区别：现在分词现在分词-主动主动过去分词过去分词-被动被动The man standing by the windows is our teacher.站在门边的人是我们的老师。站在门边的人是我们的老师。The house built last year has become our lab.去年建的房子已成了我们的实验室。去年建的房子已成
21、了我们的实验室。分词分词现在分词现在分词-正在进行的动作正在进行的动作过去分词过去分词-完成的动作完成的动作 falling leaves 正在飘落的树叶正在飘落的树叶fallen leaves 落叶（已落下）落叶（已落下）developing country 发展中国家发展中国家developed country 发达国家发达国家小结：非谓语动词小结：非谓语动词1.1.不定式不定式 to do to do 有还没有做的含义有还没有做的含义.2.2.动名词动名词doing doing 表示抽象的名词意义表示抽象的名词意义3.3.现在分词现在分词doing doing 表示主动或进行的意义表示主
22、动或进行的意义.4.4.过去分词过去分词done done 表示被动或完成的意义表示被动或完成的意义.1.He seems _ happy.1.He seems _ happy.A.be B.is C.to be D.becomeA.be B.is C.to be D.become2.Im hungry.Please get me something _2.Im hungry.Please get me something _A.A.e eat B.to eat C.eatingat B.to eat C.eating D.for eating D.for eating3.I havent g
23、ot a house _3.I havent got a house _A.A.to liveto live B.live in B.live in C.for livingC.for livingD.to live inD.to live in4 4.They are busy_ about the Internet.They are busy_ about the Internet.A.A.learn B.to learn learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned C.learning D.learned 5 5.It.It s very hot in t
24、his room.Why dons very hot in this room.Why don t t you_you_ _your_your coat?coat?put on B.put away put on B.put away A.A.C.take off D.C.take off D.get onget on3.No matter how hard it is,well keep_until 3.No matter how hard it is,well keep_until we make it.we make it.A.failed A.failed B.failing C.tr
25、ied D.trying B.failing C.tried D.trying 4.It4.It s too dark and I cans too dark and I can t see it clearly.t see it clearly.Would you mind _ the light?Would you mind _ the light?No problem.No problem.A.to turn on B.turning on A.to turn on B.turning on C.to turn off D.turning offC.to turn off D.turni
26、ng off3535.We couldnWe couldn t help _ after we heard the t help _ after we heard the funny storyfunny storyA.A.to laugh B.to laugh B.laughlaughing ing C.laughC.laughs s D.laugh D.laughed ed1.To read 1.To read Chinese is necessary for youChinese is necessary for you.=_ _necessary_ _=_ _necessary_ _
27、同义句：同义句：=_ _very kind _ _=_ _very kind _ _2.You are very kind to give me some help.2.You are very kind to give me some help.to read to read Chinese.Chinese.to give me some helpto give me some help（for for 引出动作发出者）引出动作发出者）It is+adj+It is+adj+for for sb to do sthsb to do sthIt is+adj+It is+adj+of of sb to do sthsb to do sth（ofof 侧重对人的品格、特征、性格的描述）侧重对人的品格、特征、性格的描述）for for you you It is It is It is It is of of you you 帮助我回信给帮助我回信给MichaelMichael，鼓励他学习中，鼓励他学习中文，告诉他学好中文的方法。文，告诉他学好中文的方法。提示：提示：1.have problem/trouble doing.2.had better do.3.spend.doing.4.be used to doing.
