1、 Grammar and usageNon-restrictive relative clausesOur class is adorable.Our class is adorable.Our class who likes singing is adorable.Our class who likes singing is adorable.Our class likes singing.Our class likes singing.Step One:Revision定语从句长相：名词+引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分先行词关系代词Our classroom is a place.Our c
2、lassroom is a place.Our classroom is a Our classroom is a placeplace wherewhere we study.we study.We study in the classroom.We study in the classroom.先行词关系副词1.I have a girlfriend who is keen on playing video games.2.I have a girlfriend,who is keen on playing video games.到底 几个女朋友呢?Step Two:Comparison
3、我有一个对电子游戏感兴趣的女朋友。我有一个女朋友，她对电子游戏很感兴趣。指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语定语定语whowhomwhosewhichAttention非限制性定语从句中，指物，不能用that关系词关系词先行词先行词在从句的作用在从句的作用where when for which whywhy 不可用不可用于引导非限于引导非限制性定语从制性定语从句，句，for for whichwhich代替代替whywhy表地点的词表地点的词地点状语地点状语表时间的词表时间的词时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语reason非限制性定语从句中介词后的关系代词指代人只能用whom,指代物只能用whic
4、h不能用其他。限制 性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上_逗号_逗号意义上去掉后句意_去掉后句意_作用上修饰限制可修饰_补充说明作用可修饰_翻译时译为.的可译为并列句关系词做宾语可以省略不可省略，且不可用that,why引导不完整不完整不用不用用用完整完整先行词或主句先行词或主句先行词先行词DistinctionWe often use a non-restrictive relative clause to add _ information to a noun,pronoun or noun phrase in the main clause or the main clause.A _ is
5、 usually used to separate the adding clause and the main clause.extracomma1.I love my dad,who never cuts down my allowance.2.Mom hates her,whose dog likes to shit at our door.3.IG won the championships,which made us thrilled to death.整个句子代词名词We usually introduce a non-restrictive relative clause wit
6、h a relative pronoun like who,whom,which and whose or a relative adverb like when and where.The relative pronoun and adverb _(can/cannot)be left out in a non-restrictive relative clause.cannot1:We can put some/half/many/most/both/all of before relative pronouns _ and _.Many people,some of _ are not
7、overweight,are going on a diet.I have been to many big cities,all of _ have left a deep impression on me.I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party,_(他们中的大部分)are from abroad.I earn only 1,000 dollars a month,_(其中一半)is spent on my car.Lu and Lay,_ are young and popular,started out as s
8、ingers in Korea.whomwhichmost of whomhalf of whichwhomwhichStep Three:Attentionboth of whom2:We can use _(which/who/where)in a non-restrictive relative clause to refer to the main clause as a whole.He missed the show,which was a pity.John told me he would join the Poetry Club,_ surprised me greatly.
9、The boy was away from home for a week,_ (这使他父母很担心).4)The fire lasted for a whole night,_(这造成了极大的破坏).whichwhichwhich worried his parents very muchwhich caused great damageStep Three:Attention3:We can use _ in a non-restrictive relative clause to refer to the main clause as a whole and the non-restric
10、tive relative clause can be placed before,among or after the main clause._ is known to all,the Moon travels around the Earth.The book is very interesting,_(正如)most readers say.asasAs1.固定句型：固定句型：The same.as;such.asI shall do it in the same way as you did.I want to buy such a book as you have.2.说明整个句子
11、，可放在主句前说明整个句子，可放在主句前,主句中或主句后，用逗号隔开。主句中或主句后，用逗号隔开。As we all knowAs is known to allAs is said above,.As is often the case,.(这是常有的事）这是常有的事）As is reported in the newspaper,.Step Three:AttentionLay Zhang,as you know,is a famous singer.Lay Zhang,as is shown in the picture,is a splendid boy.As is known to
12、all,China is a developing country.Lay is not such a fool as he looks.My Dad，as is often the case，forgets to flush the toilet.张艺兴没有看起来那么傻。张艺兴正如你所知道的，是一个著名的歌手。张艺兴，如图所示，是一个出色的男孩。众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。Practice makes Perfect1.I live in Beijing,where is the capital of China.2.I have a friend,whos name is Liu Me
13、i.3.His parents told him many times not to play beside the river,that didnt help4.During holiday seasons,I will live in the countryside,when air is fresh and people are friendly.5.Tom will put off the picnic until September 7th,why he wil be free.Exercise one:sentence correction.whosewhichwhichwhere
14、when Yesterday,I stood in front of my closet,tring to choose a suitable dress for my fiends wedding.Susan,_ wedding was scheduled for tomorrow,is one of my best friends.So I had to prepare well.However,all the dresses _ I tried on were not perfect.At that time,the doobell rang.I knew it was the post
15、man,_ was my favorite person in the world.I rushed to open the door and took the package,_ was addressed to me.When I opened the package,my mom came back.She asked,You bought a dress,again?Then she walked into my room,_ my clothes were lying|all over the floor.She said,See,you have a lot of dresses.
16、And can you cleanyour room?My mom kept nagging,_annoyed me a bit.I said,I have to choose a perfect dress for Susans wedding.But my mother still cant understand.and I didnt plan to apologize,beacuse this time,I bought the dress for Susan,_is my classmate and my best friend.whowhosethatwhowhichwherewh
17、ichExercise two:fill in the blanks All of us have something annoying in our life.Today,you have a chance to roast(吐槽)an annoying person or an unhappy experience.Now,you can roast anything or anyone freely.1.I am worried about my deskmate,_ is too intelligent and pretty.2.I just scored 145 in the mat
18、h exam this time,_upset me a lot.3.As is known to all,Nana is the one _ is admired by every girl.whowhichwho4.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,_ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvat
19、ion in the wild.5.The Double 11 shopping event has just passed,_ means I might live on dirt for the rest of the year.6.Leehom Wang attended the Talk Show Roast,_ his holey socks were revealed.whenwhichwhereMeituan take-away has changed our way of eating.Its service is very efficient and convenient.M
20、eituan take-away has changed our way of eating，whose service is very efficient and convenient.Exercise three:make sentences.2018年，华为成功研发出了5G技术，赢得了世界的关注。In 2018,Huawei developed 5G technology,which won the worlds attention.文本讲解 1.The prices of tourist essentials such as transport,accommodation,and fo
21、od usually increase too,which brings even wealth to the surrounding community.n.住所；住宿住所；住宿 accommodate vt.提供住宿提供住宿用用surround的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(1)The _ villages have been absorbed by the growing city(2)Some insects take on the color of their _ to protect themselves(3)He tried to run away but gave up when
22、 he found himself _surroundingsurroundingssurrounded2.Where man and nature live in harmony,harmony n和谐，协调，融洽和谐，协调，融洽 harmonious adj和谐的，融洽的和谐的，融洽的 live in_ with natureOnly when we realize the importance of helping each other canwe be devoted to building a _ society harmonyharmoniousMy parents went on
23、 a tour of Japan with 20 people,some of whom had never been abroad before.My favorite place to visit is a little village near Shanghai,where my grandma was born.Dr Luo,who is an expert in Chinese history,will give us a tour of Beijing.Id rather visit Europe in summer,when the weather is at its best.
24、Im reading a guidebook to Rome,which is really fascinating and helpful.PracticecadbExpressions:1.服务行业2.繁荣的产业3.称心如意的境遇4.和谐相处5.野生物栖息地6.处于危险中7.使受到伤害8.目的在于service industry booming business a bed of roseslive in harmony with wildlife habitatsat riskput in harms wayaim to 9.尊重10.对负责11.可持续发展的旅游业12.产生积极的影响1
25、3.用环境友好的方式14.削减15.征求许可16.归结为(show)respect for be responsible for sustainable tourismmake a positive impact on in an environmentally friendly manner cut back on ask for permissioncome down to Expressions:Practicewhichwhowhenon whichwhere/in whichAsof whomwhoseof whichas/which“非限定”使用说明书 1.从句中所有的关系词都不可
26、省略 2.从句通常不能用that引导 3.在“非限定”中,指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom,不能用who替换,也不能省略。4.从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替why 5.从句置于句首时,不能用which引导;而用as 引导(as 可放主句前,中，也可放主句后)Conclusion(总结)非限制性定语从句写作运用非限制性定语从句写作运用1.人物介绍There is a girl called Xiao Fang _ is nice and kind _ eyes are beautiful and big _hair is thick and long The nig
27、ht _I was back to the townThe river_ you and me came toThe tears_ I never shed With which it ran.whowhosewhosewhenwhichwhich1.I have a good friend,She is my clasmate,her name is Bonnie.2.She is a petty girl,She studies in Yangzheng Midde school.3.And she can speaks English very well.So she often hel
28、p my English.I thank her help.4.And I help her math,too.Because my math is very good.I have a good friend,She is my clasmate,whose name is Bonnie.She is a petty girl,who studies in Yangzheng Midde school.And she can speaks English very well.So it is the reason why she often help me with my English,f
29、or which I am thankful.In return,I help her math.Because my math is veru good.Im Li Hua,a Senior Three student.I am writing this letter to talk about the problem,_ is becoming worse and worse.In front of our school gate lies a narrow street,_ many vendors(小贩)put stalls on both sides during rush hour
30、 every day.Whatsworse,the only way to the school,_ is taken up too much space by those stalls,are also full of rubbish.I do hope to see a normal traffic and clean and quiet surroundings _ we will feel happy to live and study.That is the reason _ I am writing this letter.I would appreciate it if you could help us solve the problem.2.写作运用
