1、Section BGrammar and usage1.division division between/within/among 之间的分歧division of sth.between/among/into的分隔/划分divide v.（使）分开；分配；除以；分隔；使产生分歧divide.between/among/with将分配/分享给divide.by.某数除以某数divide in half/into halves 把分成两半divided adj.分裂的；有分歧的练习：As the work can _(divide)among several people,it can be
2、finished ahead of schedule.be divided2.interrupt interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)（因某事）打断某人/某事be interrupted by 被所打断interruption n.阻断物；中断时间；打扰；插嘴；打岔without interruption不间断地；不受打扰地练习：Lets go somewhere where we can talk without _(interrupt).interruption/being interrupt3.motionmake a motion(with ones head/h
3、and)(用头/手)示意a motion to do sth./a motion that 一个的提议propose/table/put forward a motion 提出一项动议in motion 运动中的set/put sth.in motion 使某事开始motion to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事练习：The principal supported the motion that all the teachers _(give)the chance to receive further education.(should)be given4.votevote for
4、/against 投票赞成/反对；表决支持/不支持vote to do sth.投票去做某事take/have a vote on 对进行表决练习：Today,every citizen aged eighteen or over has the right _(vote).to voteHow were the Abu Simbel temples saved from the rising waters?An international team worked together to take the temples apart,moved their parts to a new loc
5、ation and then put them back together.They eventually managed to relocate all the Abu Simbel temples without incident.在复合句中，跟在一个名词后对其作进一步解释说明的从句叫作同位语从句。能跟同位语从句的名词有fact，news，idea，truth，doubt，belief，hope，problem，information，wish，promise，answer，possibility，question，evidence，report，explanation，suggestio
6、n，conclusion等抽象名词。Theres a feeling in me that well never know what a UFO is.我有一种感觉，我们永远都无法知道不明飞行物是什么。I dont like the idea that money is everything.我不喜欢金钱就是一切的观点。引导同位语从句的词有连词 that，whether，疑问代词who，which，what和疑问副词where，when，why，how等。（1）由连词that，whether引导的同位语从句。that，whether在从句中不做成分，不能省略。that无意义；whether有“
7、是否”之意。They heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon was coming.昨天他们从收音机里听到台风要来的消息。The problem whether he will be sentenced for drunk driving isnt clear.他是否会因酒后驾驶而被判刑这一问题还不清楚。（2）由疑问代词who，which，what引导的同位语从句。疑问代词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。The question who should go abroad required consideration.（who在从句中
8、做主语）谁应该出国这个问题还需要考虑。I have no idea which one I should choose.（which 在从句中做定语）我不知道该选哪一个。He has no idea what he should do next.（what在从句中做宾语）他不知道下一步要做什么。（3）由疑问副词 when，where，why，how引导的同位语从句。疑问副词在从句中做时间状语、地点状语、原因状语和方式状语。I have no idea when he will be back from Shanghai.（when在从句中做时间状语）我不知道他何时从上海回来。I still h
9、ave no idea why they left the party without a word last night.（why在从句中做原因状语）我仍然不知道昨晚他们为什么没说一句话就离开了宴会。It remains a mystery how it happened.（how在从句中做方式状语）那件事是怎么发生的仍然是个谜。The question where we will go to spend our holiday has not been discussed.（where在从句中做地点状语）我们要去哪里度假这一问题还没被讨论。（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为避免
10、头重脚轻，同位语从句常后置，构成分隔式同位语从句。Word came that the famous scientist would come to see us.有消息传来，那位著名的科学家要来看望我们。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到玛丽可能生病了。（2）名词doubt后可跟同位语从句，若用于肯定句中时用whether引导；若用于否定句中时则用that引导。There is no doubt that prices will go up.毫无疑问物价会上涨。There is some doubt wh
11、ether they will come to help us.他们是否能来帮助我们还不确定。注意：表达“是否”的概念时，要用whether而不用if引导同位语从句。I have no idea whether she likes the film.我不知道她是否喜欢这部电影。（3）名词 suggestion，order，demand，command，request，desire，proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。The general gave the order that the soldiers(should)
12、cross the river at once.将军下达了士兵立即过河的命令。Wed better accept his suggestion that we(should)start right now.我们最好接受他的建议，立刻动身。（1）that既可引导同位语从句也可引导定语从句。在同位语从句中that为连接词，仅起连接作用；在定语从句中that为关系代词，既起连接作用，还在从句中充当主语、宾语和表语等。The information that they got yesterday has no use.（定语从句）他们昨天得到的信息没什么用处。We have received the
13、information that they may have left the country.（同位语从句）我们已经得到消息，他们可能已经离开了这个国家。（2）wh-类引导词引导同位语从句有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句没有疑问含义。We had no idea who on earth did it.（同位语从句）我们不知道这事到底是谁干的。The girl who I met just now is one of my students.（定语从句）我刚才见的那个女孩是我的一个学生。（3）定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定；而同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进
14、行补充说明。They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.（同位语从句）对你生病这件事，他们都很担心。The fact that we knew just now shocked all of us.（定语从句）我们刚刚了解的事实震惊了我们所有人。（4）同位语从句对应的名词一般为抽象名词，而定语从句的先行词没这方面的限制。He is strongly for the idea that silence might be beneficial to our health.（同位语从句）他十分支持这种观点：沉默可能
15、对我们的健康有好处。The gift that he gave me on my birthday is a lovely bag.（定语从句）我生日时他给我的生日礼物是一个可爱的包。1.While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.2.The proposal had been put forward,and then arose the question _ we were
16、 to get the proofs needed.3.Mr Frank asked me a question _ I could go with him to what he called the treasure house the next week.4.We accepted his suggestion _ the whole class should be divided into three groups.5.There is some doubt _ the sports meeting will be held next week as planned.thatwherewhetherthatwhether
