1、英语长难句专题1Please put the following sentences in correct order2 Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,to help reduce unemployment pressures.(2009 江苏)1.带有较多成分的简单句：去枝叶带有较多成分的简单句：去枝叶,留主干。留主干。3找主干找主干
2、去枝叶去枝叶(修饰修饰)1.从句从句2.非谓语非谓语3.介短介短4.形容词形容词5.副词副词Strategies主谓（宾）/名词+动词三长两短4 Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,to help reduce unemployment pressures.(2009 江苏)1.带有较多成分的简单句：去枝叶带有较多成分的简单句：去枝叶,留主干
3、。留主干。介词短语介词短语定语介词短语介词短语同位语状语状语主干主干Schools are expected to hire college graduates 长难句分析示例5(2018年全国II卷 阅读理解C篇)The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.划出上句的主干，括出修饰成分，并说明其在句中的功能。划出上句的主干，括出
4、修饰成分，并说明其在句中的功能。2.2.含有多个从句的复合句：找主干含有多个从句的复合句：找主干,分析从句分析从句,理解句意。理解句意。6长难句分析示例(2018年全国II卷 阅读理解C篇)The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.主干主干The data shows evidence.定语定语状语介词短语介词短语7*复合句和并
5、列句并存的情况复合句和并列句并存的情况 The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships,jump-start interpersonal skills and,when tapped early,are employed ever after in life and work.（2019全国卷D）8 The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships,jump-start in
6、terpersonal skills and,when tapped early,are employed ever after in life and work.1.首先确定谓语，找出主语，去除附属成分，确定句子主干。主语为qualities，有三个并列谓语strengthen,jump-start,are employed。去掉枝叶之后，本句的主干为qualities strengthen friendships,jump-start skills and are employed 长难句分析示例谓语主语定语状语时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词 翻译句子讨人喜欢的人能与他人相处很好，讨人
7、喜欢的人能与他人相处很好，因而因而能增强校园友谊，激发人际能增强校园友谊，激发人际交往的能力。这些交往的能力。这些品质品质如能及早发现，会在未来的工作和生活中发挥作用。如能及早发现，会在未来的工作和生活中发挥作用。9 In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number oforganizations UNESCO and National Geographic among themhave formany years been documenting dying languages and thecultures they
8、reflect.Mark Turin,a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University,whospecializes in the languages and oral traditions of theHimalayas,isfollowing in that tradition (2014全国I卷D篇)3.3.含有插入语的句子含有插入语的句子:忽略插入成分忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题直奔句子主题.10scholarsIn an effort to prevent language loss,from a number of organiz
9、ationsand National Geographic among them UNESCOhavefor many years been documenting dyinglanguages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin,a scientist at the MacmillanCentre Yale University,who specializes in thelanguages and oral traditions of the Himalayas,is following in that tradition.1133.What
10、does“that tradition”in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Having full records of the languages.B.Writing books on language teaching.C.Telling stories about language users.D.Living with the native speakers.124.成分省略成分省略:把握大意把握大意,找出上文对应信息找出上文对应信息,补充补充省略成分省略成分 The magazine is male-targeting because young guys gener
11、ally wont pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females,whereas girls usually will.找出省略的内容找出省略的内容：pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females 翻译整句：翻译整句：这份杂志是男性导向的这份杂志是男性导向的，因而年轻小伙子通常不会捡起一本看上去指向女性的杂志因而年轻小伙子通常不会捡起一本看上去指向女性的杂志来看，而女性通常会来看，而女性通常会。135.倒装句倒装句:确定主语确定主语,调整语序调整语序,把握大
12、意把握大意.Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.In the west-central region lived the Welsh,who spoke a Celtic language,and in the north lived the Scots,whose language,though not the same as Welsh,was also Celtic.In the rest of the country
13、lived the Saxons,actually a mixture of Anglos,and other Germanic and Nordic peoples,who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon(or Old English),a Germanic language.If this state of affairs had lasted,English today would be closed to German.14 Q:The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great B
14、ritain before 1066 were .A.Welsh and Scottish B.Nordic and Germanic C.Celtic and Old English D.Anglo-Saxon and Germanic 15 Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward
15、 their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.In analyzing his and other research,Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion:Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes,but it is also responsible for those outcomes,too.(2019全国卷D篇)长难句分析示例16Enviable as the cool kids may have see
16、med,Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high school,as well as those least liked in elementary school,are“most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”as引导的让步状语从句句子主干句子主干注：注：as意为意为“尽管尽管”时，引导的让步时，引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序，其结构为：状语从句要用倒装语序，其结构为：形容词形
17、容词/名词名词/副词副词/动词原形动词原形+as+主语主语+谓语谓语主语谓语17“We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment,high status has just the opposite effect on u
18、s.”注：注：so意为意为“同样同样”、“也也”，接在肯定句后面，引起部分倒接在肯定句后面，引起部分倒装。其结构为装。其结构为“so+助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词/be动词动词+主语主语”。so倒装句助动词定语从句主语18In analyzing his and other research,Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion:Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes,but it is also responsible for those outcomes,too.“Bein
19、g liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,”he said.Para.6注：注：Not only but(also)连接连接两个并列分句时，两个并列分句时，not only所所在的句子要用部分倒装语序。在的句子要用部分倒装语序。主语谓语Not only but also引引起的部分倒装，起的部分倒装，is提前提前动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语19方法总结：方法总结：锁定谓语找主干；辨明首尾剔从句；理清逻辑辨分句；依据功能识短语。20
