1、 高级英语高级英语 精品课程精品课程 第二册第二册制作人：制作人：徐李洁徐李洁Unit 14General Analysis of the TextnA piece of expository writing nTextual structurenTheme:Loving and hating New York becomes a matter of alternating moods,often in the same day.nStyle:objective and emotional descriptionTextual StructurePart I(paras 1-5)General
2、 introductionPart II(paras 6-22)Explanation General Questions on the Text1.In what fields can New York no longer be regarded as the leading American city?New York no longer begets the styles and sets the sets the trends.It is no longer a pacesetter.2.What are its deficiencies as a pacesetter?Other c
3、ities have buildings more inspired architecturally.The center of music and sports have also shifted to other cities.As a tourist attraction it is inferior to New Orleans,San Francisco,Washington or Disneyland.Finally there are many better cities to live in than New York.3.Why do many Europeans call
4、New York their favorite city?The Europeans call New York their favorite city because they like its cosmopolitan complexities,its surviving European standards and its alien mixtures.Perhaps some of them are reassured by the international names of jewelers,shoe stores and designer shops.But what most
5、excites Europeans is the citys charged,nervous atmosphere,its vulgar dynamism.4.Where is the author from?Why did he go and live New York?The author is from Seattle,a seaport in west central Washington State.He went to people still go to New York because he liked to live there and he could practice t
6、he kind of journalism he wanted in that city.5.Why do many young New York?The young people go to New York to test themselves and to avoid giving in to the most banal and marketable of their talents.In New York they also find the company of many other young people similarly fleeing from the constrict
7、ing atmosphere of smaller cities.6.In what respects is New York still regarded as the leading American city?New York is still the banking and communications headquarters for America.The networks news centers,the largest book publishers,the biggest magazines,the ad agencies are all here,appraising an
8、d ratifying the films,the plays,the music,the books that other have created.7.What gives the city its sense of freedom?Newcomers can find or form their little groups and though these groups lie close to each other,there is no contact or intercourse between groups.This gives the city its sense of fre
9、edom.8.Why does a New Yorker who sees all the faults of the city still prefer to live in New York?Despite all the faults of the city,a New Yorker still prefers to live New York because he prefers the unhealthy hassle and vitality of urban life.What he finds attractive about New York is its rawness,t
10、ension,urgency;its bracing competitiveness;the rigor of its judgments;and the congested,democratic presence of so many other New Yorkers,encased in their own worlds.9.Does the writer really both love and hate New York?Cite examples to back up you analysis.The writer states that he both loves and hat
11、es New York,but the reader fails to see where or why he hates New York.It is clear that the writer loves New York and feels exhilarated living there.He may sometimes feel exasperated but this feeling is never strong enough to turn to hate.The writer shows his love for New York with the words such as
12、 energy,contention striving,etc.10.Why is New York called an international metropolis?Because here one finds a much wider mixture of nationalities -Asians,Africans,Latins and all varieties of Europeans.Words&Expressions of Part I(paras 1-5)nbush adj.rustic,countrified,belonging to small towns;second
13、-rate 二流的二流的-Critics tend to regard him as a bush writernbeget vt.Bring into being;produce,cause-Hate begets hate.冤冤相报冤冤相报.npreempt vt.radio and TV replace(a regularly scheduled program);take for oneself before others 抢先占有抢先占有-Their new launched product preempted the local market.nnightspot.n.(also
14、called nightclub).An establishment that stays open late at night and provides food,drink,entertainment,and music for dancing.nbilk vt.defraud,cheat,or swindle 欺骗欺骗,-to bilk his creditors 赖帐赖帐nput-down n.snub 轻待轻待,奚落奚落-Some feminists see the put-downs girls experience as means by which men control wo
15、men.nbilling n.The relative importance of performers as indicated by the position and type size in which their names are listed on programs,theater marquees,pr advertisementsWords&Expressions of Part II(paras 6-22)ngaudily adv.in a showy,but tasteless or vulgar way 华丽而俗气地华丽而俗气地-She was dressed gaudi
16、ly.njagged adj.marked by irregular projections and indentations on the edge or surface 参差不齐的参差不齐的-a jagged blade 剧齿形的刀刃剧齿形的刀刃ngamely adv.Pluckily;bravely-He challenged the authority in this field gamely.nencroach v.to tale anothers possessions or rights gradually or stealthily-Their new house encroa
17、ched the neighbors land.npristine adj.remaining in a pure state;uncorrupted by civilization 质朴质朴的的-pristine innocencenbanal adj.dull or stale as because of overuse;trite;commonplace 平庸的平庸的nsqualor n.the quality or condition of being squalid;filth and wretchedness 肮脏肮脏,悲惨悲惨,不幸不幸-the squalor of the sl
18、umsnplush adj.luxurious(Ame.Slang)-a plush new cinemangrubby adj.dirty,grimy-grubby work clothesnprecincts n.the neighborhood or surrounding area.-within the city precincts 在市区内在市区内ncatchy adj.easily remembered-He likes a sing with a catchy tune.nboutique n.a small shop,or a small department in a st
19、ore,where fashionable,usu,expensive,clothes and other articles are sold 时装时装精品店精品店.nestrange v.turn(a person)from an affectionate or friendly attitude to an indifferent,unfriendly,or hostile one,alienate the affections of 使疏远使疏远-He is the kind of guy who enjoys estranging people.nancillary adj.auxil
20、iary;helping-The transport corps is ancillary to the infantry.nbrittle adj.brilliantly sharp,as in percussive sound 尖利的声音尖利的声音ncondescending adj.displaying a patronizingly superior attitude 屈尊的屈尊的-She was so condescending that her neighbors always kept her at arms length.nmalleable adj.easily contro
21、lled or influenced;tractable 温顺的温顺的,顺从的顺从的-a large group of malleable consumers.nturnstile n.a similar structure that permits the passage of an individual once a charge has been paid or that counts the number of individuals passing through 旋转门旋转门nhype n.Exaggerated or extravagant claims made especia
22、lly in advertising or promotional material 天花乱坠的广告宣传天花乱坠的广告宣传-It was a pure hype so he did not take it seriously.nscruple n.An uneasy feeling arising from conscience or principle that tends to hinder action 顾虑顾虑 unscrupulous 肆无忌惮的肆无忌惮的-Dont forget he is a man of no scruples.不要忘记他是个不择手段的人不要忘记他是个不择手段的
23、人.namenity n.a feature that increases attractiveness or value,especially of a piece of real estate or a geographic location 生活便利设施生活便利设施-Gyms and swimming pools are just some of the towns local amenities.nsuccumb v.give way;yield;submit 服从服从-succumb to temptationntawdry n.cheap and showy;gaudy,sleaz
24、y 俗气的俗气的,花哨的花哨的,俗丽的俗丽的-She hated the tawdriness of the furniture in the house.nastir adj.moving about;being in motion-The town was astir with his death.nbrusque adj.rough and abrupt in manner or speech;curt 粗鲁的粗鲁的,鲁莽的鲁莽的-the brusqueness of their behaviorncabana n.a small shelter used as a bath house
25、 on the beach,a cabin(海海滩等地滩等地)简易浴室简易浴室nantiseptic adj.untouched by life,its problems 超然的超然的,不受打搅的不受打搅的-In this matter I am afraid he cant judge antiseptically.nenclave n.a minority culture group living as an entity within a larger group 少数派集团少数派集团;孤立的小块地区孤立的小块地区-ethnic enclaves(城市中城市中)的少数民族居住地的少数民族
26、居住地nhassle(Ame.Slang)n.A state of commotion or confusion,turmoilncongenial adj.suited to ones needs or nature;agreeable 相相宜的宜的-Is the climate congenial there?nbracing adj.invigorating;stimulating;refreshing 令人振奋令人振奋的的-a bracing speechncongest v.overfill or overcrowd-The streets used to be heavily co
27、ngestednwrong adj.designating the side,as of garment,that is less finished and not intended to show 反面的反面的-a sweater worn wrong side outnmongrel adj.of mixed origin or character 杂种的杂种的,混血儿混血儿的的-a mongrel breednturf n.(slang)a neighborhood area regarded by a street gang as its own territory to be def
28、ended against other gangs 地盘地盘,势力范围势力范围-They dislike these strangers invading their turf.njar v.clash or conflict,disagree,quarrel sharply-The style of a house should not jar with its surroundings.njuxtaposition n.putting side by side or close together 并列并列,并置并置nfortitude n.the strength to bear unfo
29、rtunate,pain etc.,calmly and patiently;firm courage 坚忍不拔坚忍不拔,刚毅刚毅nexasperate v.make very angry or impatient,annoy greatly 激怒激怒-Their constant insults exasperated him.nout of phrase:out of harmony-The driver found out that the windshield wipers were out of phase.npay host to:provide the place,food,et
30、c.,for a special meeting or event 招待招待-Beijing will play host to the Olympics in 2019.Summary of the text Those ad campaigns celebrating the Big Apple and those“I love New York”T-shirts implies that New York has lost its former status as the top city in America.It is no longer the leader in fashion.
31、Its deficiencies as a pacesetter are more and more evident in such fields as architecture,music,sports,etc.In terms of tourism and living conditions,it lows too.However,many Europeans call New York their favorite because they like its cosmopolitan complexities,its charged,nervous atmosphere and its
32、vulgar dynamism.The writer expresses that he loves it more than any other else.The city and the life there have a series of characteristics,which,according to the writer,can be lovable and hatable at the same time.Natures pleasures are very limited there.People compete vigorously to win in their lif
33、e and t make the best of their talents.There are rigorous judgments,impersonal commercialism,loneliness as well as freedom.But seeing all the faults of the city,a New Yorker,or rather the writer himself still prefers to live here,because he loves its vitality,rawness and tension and he loves the con
34、gested,democratic presence of New Yorkers,encased in their own worlds,New York is a real international metropolis,with a wide mixture of different nationalities and people need to learn to live in a diversity of races.In the city wealth and poverty are also jarringly juxtaposed.So the citys sadness and fortitude must be celebrated along with its treasures of art and music.Through the description of New York and the life in this city,the writer explains why“Loving and hating New York becomes a matter of alternating moods,often in the same day.”
