1、L91 Three men in a basket齐绪友1.他把身份证丢了，结果上不了火车2.她被门外的枪声吓得惊慌失措。3.这种药能帮你预防感冒。这种药能帮你预防感冒。He lost his ID card,as a result,he cant board a train.She was frightened out of wits by the gunshot outside door.This medicine will protect you against cold.Exercise1.自负自负 2.滥捕滥捕 3.滥建滥建 4.被吓昏了，被吓得惊慌失措被吓昏了，被吓得惊慌失措5.失
2、去理智失去理智6.无意中遇到，碰上无意中遇到，碰上7.海底下海底下 深海底深海底8.某物的供应某物的供应9.缺少缺少;不存在不存在10.结果是结果是overconfidentoverfishoverbuildbe frightened out of their witsout of ones witsbump intounder the seasupply of sth.absence ofas a resultinvent 和discover的用法区别：invent 意为“发明”，是发明或创造不曾存在的东西。而discover 意为“（先与他人）首次发现已经存在的东西。”例如：e.g:Who
3、 discovered the New World?谁发现了新大陆？Three men in a basketWhere was the stations Commanding Officer?balloon n.气球气球royal adj.皇家皇家spy v.侦察侦察track n.轨迹，踪迹轨迹，踪迹binoculars n.望远镱望远镱New words and expressions词汇学习词汇学习 Word study royal adj.王室的；皇家的；盛大的；极好的王室 a royal family盛大的欢迎 a royal welcome royal road to 通向的捷径
4、 练习是学习语言的捷径 Practice is the royal road to success when learning a languagespy spy v.侦察 n.间谍；侦探 He was arrested as an industrial spy 作为一个工业间谍，他被捕了 spy on sb.侦察某人 spy into sth.侦察某事 spy（1）vi暗中监视；侦察（通常与 on，upon连用）：Someone is spying on the station.有人正在对基地进行侦察。I noticed some policemen spying on the foreig
5、n tourists.我注意到一些警察在暗中监视那些外国游客。vt发现，看见：He spied a stranger in his garden.他在花园里发现了一位陌生人。She spied a cloud of smoke in the distance.她发现远处有一团烟。n间谍，密探：He was once a spy for the police/British government.他曾是警方英国政府的密探。They have arrested three spies.他们逮捕了3名间谍。1spy（1）vi暗中监视；侦察（通常与暗中监视；侦察（通常与 on，upon连用）：连用）：
6、Someone is spying on the station.有人正在对基地进行侦察。有人正在对基地进行侦察。I noticed some policemen spying on the foreign tourists.我注意到一些警察在暗中监视那些外国游客。我注意到一些警察在暗中监视那些外国游客。（2）vt发现，看见：发现，看见：He spied a stranger in his garden.他在花园里发现了一位陌生人。他在花园里发现了一位陌生人。She spied a cloud of smoke in the distance.她发现远处有一团烟。她发现远处有一团烟。（3）n间
7、谍，密探：间谍，密探：He was once a spy for the police/British government.他曾是警方英国政府的密探。他曾是警方英国政府的密探。They have arrested three spies.他们逮捕了他们逮捕了3名间谍。名间谍。track track n.足迹；痕迹；轨道；铁轨猎人追踪动物的足迹The hunter followed the animals trackson the right track 想得对；做得对on the wrong track 想得不对；做错spy v.侦察 vi.暗中监视；侦察（通常与on，upon连用）我发现有
8、一些警察在监视外国游客 I noticed some policemen spying on the foreign tourists.vt.发现，看见 他在他的花园里发现了一个陌生人。He spied a stranger in his garden.n.间谍，密探 他曾经是英国政府的密探。He was once a spy for the British government.spy v.侦察侦察1.名词名词 n.(1)间谍间谍;密探密探CShe liked the adventures of a spy.她喜欢间谍的冒险她喜欢间谍的冒险。(2)暗中监视暗中监视,暗中侦察暗中侦察U2.不及
9、物动词不及物动词 vi.(1)当间谍当间谍;暗中监视暗中监视;刺探刺探(+on/upon/into)We spied on the man.我们监视那个人。我们监视那个人。3.及物动词及物动词 vt.(1)暗中监视暗中监视;侦察出侦察出He sent out a party to spy the enemy.他派出一个小分队暗中监视敌人的行动。他派出一个小分队暗中监视敌人的行动。(2)察觉,发现We spied a stranger hanging around the corner.我们发现一位陌生人在拐角处闲荡。He was the first to spy the triangle fi
10、n of a shark coming towards us.他第一个发现一条鲨鱼的三角形鳍向我们游来。(3)仔细察看The visitors spied the exhibits at the fair.参观者细细察看展览会上的陈列品。track（1）n.（人、动物、车等的）轨迹，踪迹猎人跟著熊的足迹。The hunter followed the bears tracks.（2）n.（人、动物等踏成的）小径、小道一条小路穿过了小树林。A track runs through the woods.（3）n.路线、航线 the track of the storm 暴风雨的线路（4）铁轨、轨道
11、run off the track 出轨1、A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby.seem to be doing sth.似乎正在做 （1）to be making for为不定式的进行式，表示正在进行的动作：They seem to be talking about something important.他们似乎正在谈论某件重要的事情。She seems to be looking for somebody/something.nearbyprep.
12、在附近adv.在附近adj.附近的，不定式有四种时态形式，一般式、进行式、完成式。一、一般式 to do 1.用作感官动词或 help 的宾语补足语，表示其行为与谓语动词同时发生，如：I saw him go out.我看到她出去了。Would you help me to put things in order before we leave.在我离开前你能帮我整理一下东西吗？2.多数情况下表示其行为发生在谓语动词之后，如：I hope to see you again.(to see 发生在 hope 之后)。The boy said he wanted to be a singer.(t
13、o be 发生在 whanted 之后)二、进行式 to be doing 表示其行为与谓语动词同时发生，如：He seems to be recovering.看来他正在痊愈。When he came in,I happened to be lying on the bed.他进来的时候，我碰巧正好躺在床上。三、完成式 to have done 表示其行为发生在谓语动词之前，如：I am sorry to have kept you waiting.(to have kept 发生在 am sorry 之前)对不起，让你久等了。For a moment I ssemed to have lo
14、st consciousness.(to have lost 发生在 seemed 之前)刹那间我似乎已经失去了知觉。make for为固定短语，其含义之一为“（匆匆）走向”、“向前进”：While the thief was making for his car,a policeman stopped him.当小偷匆勿走向他的汽车时，一位警察拦住了他。After leaving Calais,the ship made for Dover.离开加来后，那艘船便驶往多佛。动词动词 make 的一些固定短语的一些固定短语（1）make out“辨出”、“听出”，“理解”、“弄清”：I cant
15、 make out what this picture is about.我看不出这幅画的意思。Can you make out what the child wants?你能弄清那孩子想要什么吗？Jane is angry again.Sometimes I cant make her out at all.Her moods change quickly.简又生气了。有时候我根本不能理解她。她情绪变化很快。make out 的另一个含义是“写出”、“填写”（相当于 write out）：He made out a long list of all the foods which were
16、forbidden.他写了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。He made out a cheque of 1,000 dollars and gave it to the secretary.他开出一张1,000美元的支票并将其给了秘书。make up“编造”、“捏造”、“虚构”：Every time he played truant,Tom would make up an excuse.汤姆每次逃学都编个借口。Jane made up a story about a child and a monster.简编造了一个有关一个孩子和一个妖怪的故事。make up“（给）化妆化装”：
17、She always makes herself up/makes up her face before going out.她出门前总要化妆。Making up takes up a lot of her time.化妆占了她很多时间。She was made up as a boy.她被化装成一个小男孩。make up for 的含义是“补偿”、“弥补”：I had to walk faster to make up for lost time.为了补回失去的时间，我不得不加快走路的速度。She managed to make up for her mistake.她设法补救了她的过错。1
18、.He _a cheque of 1,000 dollars and gave it to the secretary2.Can you _what they are talking about?3.I cant _the bosss handwriting.4.Jane is angry again.Sometimes I cant _at all.Her moods change quickly.5.I could not _what he said.6.Every time he played truant,Tom would _an excuse.made outmake outmak
19、e outmake her outmake outmake up7.She always _her face before going out.8._takes up a lot of her time.9.I had to walk faster to _ lost time.10.She managed to _ her mistake.11.While the thief _his car,a policeman stopped him.makes herself up/makes upMaking upmake up for make up for was making for2.He
20、 informed the station at once,but no one there was able to explain the mystery.inform v.通知，告诉，报告 inform不能接双宾语，比如inform sb.sth这种用法是错误的，正确的表达是inform sb.of sth.例如：She hasnt informed me of her new number.她还没告诉我新的电话号码。inform sb.that/wh-告知某人 inform后面的sb.不能省略。比如：The headmaster informed us that the sports m
21、eeting will be held next Monday.校长通知大家下周一举行运动会。be able to和can的区别 a.can/could表示能力；可能（过去时用表示能力；可能（过去时用could），只用），只用于现在式和过去式（于现在式和过去式（could），而），而be able to可用于各种可用于各种时态。时态。b.只能用只能用be able to的情形的情形 位于助动词后；情态动词后；表示过去某时刻的动作时；用于句首表位于助动词后；情态动词后；表示过去某时刻的动作时；用于句首表条件；表示成功做成某事只能用条件；表示成功做成某事只能用was/were able to，不能
22、用，不能用could。c.can表示表示“能力能力”时是指现在的能力，时是指现在的能力，过去或将来的能力通常用过去或将来的能力通常用was/were able to或或will/shall be able to表示。表示。2.The officer in the control tower was very angry when he heard the news,3.because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft.can be.这里是指一种可能性，当我们要表达发生某事的实际可能性时通常用could（或may，might）。比如：Accor
23、ing to the weather forecast,it could rain this afternoon.根据天气预报，今天下午可能会下雨。Even experts can make mistakes.即使是专家也可能会出差错。danger danger既可作不可数名词 表示危险，也可作可数名词表示危险物（或人），威胁。比如：Nowadays,greenhouse effect is a great danger to ecosystem.现在，温室效应成为生态系统的一大威胁。常用短语：in danger of 有的危险 We are in danger of becoming a n
24、ation of isolates,我们正面临着即将成为一个孤立民族的危机，in danger.处在危险中 Your life is in danger.你的生命正处在危险中。danger area 危险区；危险领域 aircraft 常用作集体名词，也可指一架飞机，所以其复数形式也是aircraft，其含义包括直升机和飞艇等。4He said that someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep track of the strange object.他说有可能有人正对基地进行侦察，因此命令
25、那个飞行员跟踪那个奇怪的飞行物。（1）might be doing sth表示对正在进行的动作的推测：情态动词表推测的三种时态1.对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词+动词原形”。（1）She must/may/might/could arrive before 5.5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。（2）She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。2.对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词+be”，“情态动词+be doi
26、ng”或“情态动词+动词原形”。（1）He must/may/might/could be listening to the radio now.他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。（2）He cant(couldnt)/may(might)not be at home at this time.这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。（3）Mr.Bushis on time for everything.How can(could)he belatefor the opening ceremony?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？3.对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词+have+过去分词”。（1
27、）It must/may/might/could have rained last night.The ground is wet.地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。（2）The door was locked.He can(could)not/may(might)not have been at home.门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。（3）Can/Could he have gotten thebook？难道他找到书了吗？注：情态动词 should/ought to表推测时，意为“想必会，理应”但与“have+过去分词”连用时，则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。例如：（4）I
28、ts seven oclock.Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.现在七点钟了，杰克理应随时到达。（推测）（5）She should/ought to have attended your birthday party,but she had to look after her mother in hospital.（虚拟）她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。（6）Tom should not/ought not to have told me your secret,but he meant no harm.（虚拟）汤姆本不
29、该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。spy on sth.暗中监视，窥探 spy既可作名词，表示“间谍，侦探，侦察”，也可作动词表示“侦探，监视，看到，找出”spy into 侦查 He was expelled from the country for spying on their naval bases.他因刺探该国海军基地的情报而被驱逐出境。（2）keep track of 为固定短语，表示“追踪”、“保持联系”、“记录”等（其反义词为 lose track of）：Keep track of the man wearing a grey hat.He looks suspicious
30、to me.跟踪那个戴顶灰帽子的人。我觉得他看上去可疑。She managed to keep track of her friends.她设法保持了与朋友们的联系。object （1）n.物体、东西 那是什么奇怪的东西在箱子里？Whats that strange object in the box？我可以看到一个物体在天空中闪耀。I could see a shining object in the sky.（2）n.对象、目标 感兴趣的內容 an object of interest （3）n.目的、目标（aim,purpose）他的人生目标就是富有。His object in life
31、 is to be rich.你來访的目的是什么？Whats the object of your visit？5.The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time.manage to do sth 法做成某事 你找到房子了没有?Did you manage to find the house?Circle（1）v.绕行、环绕 飞机在机場上空盘旋 The airplane circled the airport.（2）n.圆（圈）draw a circle 画一個圆圈6He could make out three men in a b
32、asket under it 他看清了气球下面有3个人呆在一只筐里make out是固定短语，它在这里的含义是“（勉强）看出”、“辨认出”、“听出”：In the darkness of night,he could just make out three men coming toward them.在黑夜中，他只能看出有3个人在向他们走来。Can you make out what they are talking about?你能听清他们在谈什么吗？I cant make out the bosss handwriting.我辨不出老板的字迹。She has grown up and I
33、 cant make her out any more.a pair of binoculars 一副双筒望远镜与与make连用的短语连用的短语 make out 写出，填写（相当于write out）（勉强）看出，辨认出，听出，理解 make up 编造，捏造，虚构 （给）化妆/化装 make up for 补偿，弥补 make for （匆匆）走向，向前进 1.He _a cheque of 1,000 dollars and gave it to the secretary2.Can you _what they are talking about?3.I cant _the bosss
34、 handwriting.4.Jane is angry again.Sometimes I cant _at all.Her moods change quickly.5.I could not _what he said.6.Every time he played truant,Tom would _an excuse.made outmake outmake outmake her outmake outmake up7.She always _her face before going out.8._takes up a lot of her time.9.I had to walk
35、 faster to _ lost time.10.She managed to _ her mistake.11.While the thief _his car,a policeman stopped him.makes herself up/makes upMaking upmake up for make up for was making forWhen the balloon was over the station，the pilot saw one of the men taking photographs.see sb doing 看見某人正做某事 see sb do看見某人
36、做完某事 take photographs 拍照6.Soon afterwards,the balloon began to descend and it landed near an airfield.soon afterwards=shortly afterwards 随后，不久以后 Soon afterwards the election began,he decided to quit.选举开始后不久，他就决定退出。descend 降落，缓缓下降 descend from sb.（财产，权利）由父传子 descend on/upon 突然袭击，突然降临 land既可作名词表示“陆地；国
37、土”，也可作动词表示“着陆；靠岸”afterwards4、The police were called in,but they could not arrest anyone,for the basket contained two Members of Parliament and the Commanding Officer of the station!call in:召来 Sam has a temperature.Wed better call in a doctor.萨姆发烧了。我们最好请医生来。When he discovered that some important thin
38、gs were missing in his room,he called the police in.当他发现屋子里少了一些重要东西之后，他便把警察召来了。call up:1.使回忆起 The scene called me up my childhood memories.这情景勾起我对童年的回忆。2.应征入伍 The old man was called up in 1917.call on:正式访问 I will call on him tomorrow.As the Commanding Officer explained later,one half of the station
39、did not know what the other half was doing！as是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句.as 作从句中动词explained 的宾语,as 指代主句的全部内容。如：As we all know,the earth moves around the sun,The earth moves around the sun,as we all know=The earth,as we all know,moves around the suncan do和和be able to do和和manage to do区别区别1.can could 表示能力；可能表示能力；
40、可能(过去时用过去时用could),只用于现在式和过去式只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以可以用于各种时态。用于各种时态。2.表示成功地做了某事时，只能用表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用不能用could。3.be able to:可以做可以做,能够做能够做 manage to 是做了但是费了很大的力是做了但是费了很大的力,或者尽力或者尽力去做去做.be able to 可以表示能力，而可以表示能力，而manage不可以不可以表示能力，只可以表示成功做了某事。表示能力，只可以表示成功做了某事。make for，走向，飞向，走向，飞向
41、circle sth.绕行 环绕at once，立即，立即 the control tower 塔台塔台spy on 侦查，窥探侦查，窥探order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事keep track of 跟踪跟踪 manage to do sth.尽力做成某事尽力做成某事make out 看出，辨认出看出，辨认出 take photographs 拍相片拍相片 call in 召来召来Useful phrases:练习答案 Key to written exercises1关键句型练习答案A was able to explain(1.3);can be a great danger(1.5);managed to circle(1.7);could make out(1.8);could not arrest(1.11)C 1 Can/Could 2 could/was(soon)able to 3 were able to 4 can2难点练习答案1 out 2 out 3 for 4 up 5 up for3多项选择题答案1 d 2b 3c 4b 5c 6d7b 8b 9c 10 b 11c 12b
