1、精选ppt1精选ppt2什么是定语？什么是定语？定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的单词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“的的”表示。表示。单词作定语一般前置单词作定语一般前置,句子或短语作定语则必须后置句子或短语作定语则必须后置.句子作定语句子作定语则叫定语从句则叫定语从句.a a blueblue sea sea a a handsomehandsome boy boy精选ppt3The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.精选ppt4The man who lives next to
2、us sells vegetables.先行词先行词放置于名词之放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句，修饰名词的从句关系词关系词连接作用连接作用1.2.在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分后后3.代替先行词代替先行词精选ppt5关系词关系词1.关系代词关系代词2.关系副词关系副词1.指人指人2.指物指物3.指某一情况指某一情况thatwhowhomwhosethatwhichwhosewhichas不能放于句首不能放于句首放于句中或句首放于句中或句首“正如正如”whenwherewhy(主语主语/宾语宾语)(状语状语)定语从句的位置定语从句的位置:1.1.紧跟在先行词的后面紧跟在先行词的后面:You m
3、ust do everything You must do everything that I do.that I do.I have found the book I have found the book which I lost.which I lost.I visited the schoolI visited the school where I studied.where I studied.2.2.定语从句后移定语从句后移/分隔式定语从句分隔式定语从句The days are gone when people suffered a lot.3.as3.as引导的定语从句可前移引导
4、的定语从句可前移As we all knowAs we all know,the earth is round.,the earth is round.精选ppt7定语从句定语从句Join the following sentences:1.A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.A plane is can fly.a machinethe machinea machinethat/which关系代词实际上是先行词的复关系代词实际上是先行词的复指指,that/which代指先行词代指先行词machine。精选pp
5、t8Think and concludeThink and conclude 1.意义：意义：定语从句是用来修饰名词的句子定语从句是用来修饰名词的句子.2.写法：写法：找出两个简单句的共有成分；找出两个简单句的共有成分；将从句中的共有成分去掉；将从句中的共有成分去掉；用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后接在被修饰词之后精选ppt92.2.The girl is Mary.We saw her The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.yesterday.The girl is The girl is Mary.Mary.Th
6、e girl is The girl is Mary.Mary.we saw her yesterdaywho/that we saw yesterday关系代词实际上是先行词的复指，关系代词实际上是先行词的复指，who/that代指先行词代指先行词the girl。精选ppt10I prefer the robot can play the guitarwhichthe robotThe robotb.How to make it?精选ppt111.The car which my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.2
7、.This is the city where I was born.定义定义：修饰名词或代词的从句。：修饰名词或代词的从句。先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。：被定语从句修饰的词。关系词关系词/连接词连接词：连接主句和定语从句的连词。：连接主句和定语从句的连词。引导定语从句的连接词，一定要在从句中充当成引导定语从句的连接词，一定要在从句中充当成分。分。关系代词关系代词(作主语作主语/宾语宾语/表语表语):):1.who/whom(that)2.which(that)3.that不能放在介词的后面不能放在介词的后面4.whose=of which 或或 of whom5.as关系副词关系副词(
8、作状语作状语):1.where=介词介词+which2.when=介词介词+which3.why=for+which4.way的特殊用法的特殊用法 the wayhe lives.that he lives.in which he lives.in which he lives.关系词的作用关系词的作用:1)1)连接；连接；2)2)代替先行词；代替先行词；3)3)在定从中作成在定从中作成分。分。精选ppt13一、关系代词一、关系代词1.The number of people _ lost homes reached as many as 250,000.A.who B.which C.whe
9、re D.whenA1.who作定从的主语作定从的主语/宾语宾语指人指人作主语时不可省略作主语时不可省略指代先行词指代先行词精选ppt142.The boy _ we saw yesterday was Johns brother.A.whom B./C.which D.whenAB2.whom作定从的宾语作定从的宾语指人指人可省略可省略指代先行词指代先行词精选ppt153.Spielberg won a prize for a short film _ he made.A.which B.who C./D.whereAC3.which作定从的主语或宾语作定从的主语或宾语指物指物作宾语可省略作
10、宾语可省略指代先行词指代先行词精选ppt164.Its about a big shark_ attacks swimmers _ are spending their holidays in a small village.A.where B.who C.that D.which E./4.that作定从的主语或宾语作定从的主语或宾语指物或人指物或人作宾语可省略作宾语可省略指代先行词指代先行词CDBC精选ppt175.Spielberg,_ mother was a music teacher,was born in 1946.A.who B.which C.whose D.thatC5.w
11、hose作定从的定语作定从的定语指物或人指物或人不可省略不可省略指代先行词指代先行词=sbs/sths精选ppt18I once lived in a house _ was broken.A.whose roof B.which roofC.of which the roof D.the roof of whichACD5.whosenof which/whom the+n=the+n+of which/whom她父母不想把女儿嫁给一个家境贫穷的男人。她父母不想把女儿嫁给一个家境贫穷的男人。Her parents dont want to marry their daughter to a
12、man_ is poor.whose family=the family of whom=of whom the family the roof of the house精选ppt19精选ppt20I still remember the day.=when(1)(2)on the dayI came here=on which我仍然记得（我来到这里的）那天。我仍然记得（我来到这里的）那天。(1)我仍然记得这天。我仍然记得这天。(2)在这天我来到这里。在这天我来到这里。精选ppt211.Do you know the date _ Lincoln was born?A.which B.on w
13、hich C.when D.where1.whenBC作定从的时间状语作定从的时间状语指时间指时间,在从句中表示在从句中表示在在.时时间间=in/on.+which先行词为时间名词先行词为时间名词精选ppt22 This is the house.last year.=in which=whereI lived in the house (1)(2)就是这所（我去年住过的）房子。就是这所（我去年住过的）房子。(1)就是这所房子。就是这所房子。(2)我去年在这所房子住过。我去年在这所房子住过。精选ppt232.The farm _ we picked cotton was 90 kilomete
14、rs away.A.when B.where C.why D.on whichBD2.where作定从的地点状语作定从的地点状语指地点指地点,在从句中表示在从句中表示在在.地地点点=in/on.+which先行词为地点名词先行词为地点名词(situation,business,case,point,surroundings,environment,scene等为地点概念的名词等为地点概念的名词)精选ppt24He gave a reason.=for which=why(1)(2)for the reason.people like music(1)他给了一个原因他给了一个原因(2)因为这个原
15、因人们喜欢音乐。因为这个原因人们喜欢音乐。他给了一个（人们喜欢音乐的）原因。他给了一个（人们喜欢音乐的）原因。精选ppt253.I dont know the reason _ he looks unhappy.A.that B.why C.for which D./BC3.why作定从的原因状语作定从的原因状语指原因指原因,在从句中表示在从句中表示因为因为.原因原因=for which先行词为先行词为reasonI disapprove the reasons _ he came up with.A.that B.why C.for which D./AD 因此先行词虽然为因此先行词虽然为r
16、eason,但如果连接但如果连接词在从句中作主语或者宾语词在从句中作主语或者宾语,则只能用则只能用that/which精选ppt261.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is
17、the reason _he gave us.when(which/that)where(which/that)why(that/which)几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词in whichin whichfor which精选ppt274.以以way为先行词的定语从句问题。为先行词的定语从句问题。I dont like the way _ he talked to his mother.I dont like the way _ he chose to do it.A.that B.in which C./D.howABCACwayway方式，方式
18、，方法方法1.1.连接词如果在从句中作状语时连接词如果在从句中作状语时,用用thatthat或者或者in whichin which且可以略。且可以略。2.2.连接词如果在从句作主语或宾连接词如果在从句作主语或宾语，用语，用thatthat或或whichwhich 精选ppt28指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？精选ppt29指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom 何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略精选ppt30
19、解题方法和技巧解题方法和技巧1.首先是确定关系代词和关系副词在定首先是确定关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中作什么成分。若是作主语、宾语从句中作什么成分。若是作主语、宾语，则在关系代词中选择。若是作状语，语，则在关系代词中选择。若是作状语，则在关系副词中选择。则在关系副词中选择。2.其次是看先行词是人还是物；是时间、其次是看先行词是人还是物；是时间、地点还是地点还是reason,way。精选ppt311.She looked at Jeff_ was waving his arms.2.The girl _ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to
20、 hospital.3.And there she saw a wall of water _ was quickly advancing towards her.A.who B.that C.whose D.which1 1、判断关系词在定从中的成分是关键；、判断关系词在定从中的成分是关键；2 2、再看先行词。、再看先行词。ABCBD精选ppt323.3.whosewhose引导定语从句，先行词既可是人也可以引导定语从句，先行词既可是人也可以是物，是物，whosewhose在从句中作定语：在从句中作定语：whose+nwhose+n =the+n.+of+which/whom.=the+n.
21、+of+which/whom.=of which/whom+the+n.=of which/whom+the+n.Please show me the book Please show me the book whose coverwhose cover is black.is black.请把封面是黑色的书拿给我看看。请把封面是黑色的书拿给我看看。=Please show me the book=Please show me the book_is black_is blackThis is the scientist This is the scientist whose namewhos
22、e name is is known all over the world.known all over the world.=This is the scientist_=This is the scientist_is known all over the world.is known all over the world.=the=the name of whomname of whomof whom theof whom the namenamethe cover of whichthe cover of which=of which the cover=of which the co
23、ver精选ppt33定语从句使用中的特殊情况定语从句使用中的特殊情况一、只能用一、只能用thatthat的情况：的情况：1.1.先行词既有物又有人时。先行词既有物又有人时。He spoke of He spoke of the persons and thingsthe persons and things thatthat he had seen abroad.he had seen abroad.2.2.先行词先行词something,anything,everythingsomething,anything,everything，all,nothingall,nothing等不定代词时或
24、被修饰时。等不定代词时或被修饰时。Is there Is there anything thatanything that I can do for I can do for you?you?3.3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This is This is the best film thatthe best film that I have ever I have ever seen.seen.This is the first place that I visited last time.精选ppt34定语从句使用中的特殊情况定语从句使用中
25、的特殊情况.在疑问词在疑问词whowho、whichwhich、whatwhat开头的句子中。开头的句子中。Who is the man that is speaking over there?.关系代词在从句中作表语时。He is no longer the boy that he was 10 years ago.当先行词前有当先行词前有all,the very,the all,the very,the only,the justonly,the just修饰时修饰时This This the very(the very(正好，恰好正好，恰好)purse)purse that that y
26、ou lost.you lost.精选ppt35二、不用二、不用thatthat的情况：的情况：1.1.介词后指代人用介词后指代人用whom,whom,指物用指物用which.which.不用不用关系词关系词thatthat。I heard of the man,I heard of the man,about whomabout whom he he talked.talked.Do you like the book Do you like the book from whichfrom which I I learned much.learned much.定语从句使用中的特殊情况定语从
27、句使用中的特殊情况about that(X)about that(X)from that(X)from that(X)精选ppt362.2.非限制性定语从句里非限制性定语从句里指代人用指代人用who,who,whom,whom,指物用指物用which.which.不用关系词不用关系词thatthat 。BettyBetty,who who has never been abroad,has never been abroad,is reading now.is reading now.BettyBetty,whomwhom you met is reading you met is readi
28、ng now.now.She was late againShe was late again,whichwhich made made me unhappy.me unhappy.that (X)that (X)精选ppt371.He did all/everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the wo
29、rk.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.that,which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat精选ppt38The teacher praised the student.His English is the best in
30、our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.Join the following pair of sentences.whose=the students关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格the English of the students=the English of whomThe teacher praised the student,the English of whom(of whom the English)is the best
31、in our class.难用的难用的 whose精选ppt39The house is mine.The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of sentences.The house whose window is broken is mine.whose=the houses windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken=the window of the house=the window of
32、which精选ppt40二、不用二、不用thatthat的情况：的情况：1.1.介词后禁用关系词介词后禁用关系词thatthat。I heard of the man,I heard of the man,about whomabout whom he he talked.talked.2.2.非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句。She was late again,She was late again,whichwhich made me made me unhappy.unhappy.定语从句使用中的特殊情况定语从句使用中的特殊情况about that(X)about that(X)tha
33、t(X)that(X)精选ppt41三三,介词关系代词的问题。介词关系代词的问题。精选ppt42介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?精选ppt43介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away
34、.toinAre these two sentences right?精选ppt44介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?精选ppt45介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinA
35、re these two sentences right?精选ppt46介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?精选ppt47介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are th
36、ese two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 精选ppt48介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin精选ppt49介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3He lives in a lonely village.At the back of it is a hill.He lives in a lovely village,at the back of _ is a h
37、ill.He has three sisters.All of them are abroad.He has three sisters,all of _ are abroad.whichwhomJoin the following sentences:精选ppt50n介词+关系代词n1.由先行词的习惯搭配或根据先行词的需要nThe speed at which light travels is 300,000km per second.nThe room in which there is a blackboard is their classroom.n介词可能是从句谓语的一个部分,或动词
38、所需要的搭配nDont bring children to see the animals of which they are afraid.nThis is the job at which they laughed.精选ppt51n3.表示所有关系或整体的一部分,常用of whichnChina has hundreds of islands,the largest of which is Taiwan.nI have many friends,_ some are business.A.of them B.from which C.who of D.of whom nSome,any,s
39、everal,many,most,all,both,neither,none,half,one 等和形容词比较级,最高级之后接 of whom/which D精选ppt52nThe North Island is famous for an area of hot springs,some of which throw hot water high into the air.nThere are altogether 11 books on the shelf,_ five are mine.nA.on which B.in which C.of which D.from whichnTher
40、e are 2 buildings,_ stands nearly 100 feet high.nA.the larger B.the larger of them nC.the larger one that D.the larger of whichCD精选ppt53介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?3.3.固定
41、动词或介词短语搭配固定动词或介词短语搭配精选ppt541.Do you like the book she spent$10?2.Do you like the book she paid$10?3.Do you like the book she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book she often talks?5.He built a telescope he could study the skies.6.There is a tall tree outside,stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of riv
42、ers,the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8.The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whi
43、chthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.I dont like the way that you speak.on the day=on which=whenin the house=in which=whe
44、refor the reasons=for which=whyin the way=that=in which关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词精选ppt56Fill in the blanks with“prep+whom/which”.n The teacher _ _ I learnt most was Mrs.Zhu.nWhats the name of the sport _ _ you go in a boat?nMathematics is the subject _ _ I am most interested.nThis is the question _
45、_ we have had a discussion.nThis is the house _ _ I was born.from whomin whichabout whichin whichin which精选ppt57nThis is the pen _ _ I wrote the letter.nIs that the girl _ _ you lent your bicycle?nHere is the address _ _ you should writenThese are the things _ _ I spoke just now.nIs that the fish _
46、_ you asked the waiter?with which to whichto whichabout whichfor which精选ppt58nThe moon is a ball _ _ there are no living things.nWater is very important to fish,_ _ it cant live.nWe love the village _ _ we work for two years.nPeter,_ _ I played tennis on Sundays,was stronger than I.on whichwithoutwh
47、ichin whichwith whom精选ppt59介词关系代词的问题。介词关系代词的问题。1.of which/whom 结构很多时候表示结构很多时候表示“其中其中Class 14 has 75 students,Class 14 has 75 students,of whof whomom 3535 students students are girls.=are girls.=35 35 students students of whof whomom are girls.are girls.2.when/why/where2.when/why/where很多时候可转换为介很多时候可转
48、换为介词词+关系代词。关系代词。This is the house This is the house where where I live.I live.Everyone knows the reasonEveryone knows the reason why why he he succeeded.succeeded.I remember the day I remember the day whenwhen I visited I visited the temple.the temple.in whichin whichfor whichfor whichon whichon whi
49、ch精选ppt60On her birthday,she received from On her birthday,she received from her parents a nice present _a her parents a nice present _a note was attached,_“We love note was attached,_“We love you so much”.you so much”.A.that,saying B.to which,saying A.that,saying B.to which,saying C.to which,said D
50、.in which,saidC.to which,said D.in which,said Alec asked the policeman _he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.With him B.who A.C.with whom D.whom精选ppt611.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten
