1、初中英语语法初中英语语法第十二章第十二章（2）V-ing形式V-ing形式【思考】什么是【思考】什么是V-ing形式？V-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词,具有名词、代词、形容词、副词的特征,同时还具有动词的某些特征,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语。V-ingV-ing形式形式1.1.作主语作主语作主语的作主语的 V-ing V-ing形式是动名词形式是动名词,它往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。有时用它往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。有时用itit作形式主语作形式主语,把把 V-ing V-ing 形式置于句尾形式置于句尾,这种用法常用在这种用法常用在“Its no“Its no u
2、se/good doing.”use/good doing.”句型中。句型中。ReadingReading is an art.is an art.阅读是一门艺术。阅读是一门艺术。It is no useIt is no use crying crying over spilt milk.over spilt milk.木已成舟木已成舟,哭也无用。哭也无用。V-ingV-ing形式形式2.2.作宾语作宾语（1 1）作宾语的作宾语的 V-ing V-ing 形式是动名词形式是动名词,可跟在介词或某些动词后可跟在介词或某些动词后 Shall we have a rest or get down t
3、o Shall we have a rest or get down to doingdoing our work?our work?我们是休息呢我们是休息呢,还是开始干活还是开始干活?We should prevent the river from We should prevent the river from being being polluted.polluted.我们应防止河流被污染。我们应防止河流被污染。Some foreigners enjoy Some foreigners enjoy listeninglistening to Chinese folk music.to C
4、hinese folk music.有些外国人喜欢听中国民乐。有些外国人喜欢听中国民乐。V-ingV-ing形式形式常用必备常用必备后跟后跟 V-ing V-ing 形式作宾语的常用动词形式作宾语的常用动词delay delay 推迟推迟 allow allow 允许允许 avoid avoid 避免避免 enjoy enjoy 喜欢喜欢 miss miss 错错过过 finish finish 完成完成 a advise dvise 建议建议 mind mind 介意介意practise practise 练习练习 imagine imagine 想象想象 consider consider
5、 考虑考虑 keep keep 继续继续cannot help cannot help 禁不住禁不住suggest suggest 建议建议 permit permit 允许允许 risk risk 冒冒的危险的危险 V-ingV-ing形式形式高频考点高频考点动名词作宾语是非谓语动词中的常考语法点动名词作宾语是非谓语动词中的常考语法点,我们需要熟记那些只可以跟动我们需要熟记那些只可以跟动名词不可以名词不可以跟跟不定式作宾语动词。不定式作宾语动词。The enginThe engine eers will keep_ers will keep_ the project with the man
6、ager of the the project with the manager of the pany.A.discuss B.discussed C.discussing D.to discuss A.discuss B.discussed C.discussing D.to discuss【答案】【答案】C CV-ingV-ing形式形式高频考点高频考点 -What did she say in her letter?-What did she say in her letter?-She said she was looking forward to _ to her hometown
7、.-She said she was looking forward to _ to her hometown.A.return A.return B.retuned B.retuned C.returning C.returning D.returns D.returns 【答案】【答案】C CV-ingV-ing形式形式2.2.作宾语作宾语（2 2）V-ing V-ing 形式作宾语与不定式作宾语的区别形式作宾语与不定式作宾语的区别V-ingV-ing形式作宾语一般表示形式作宾语一般表示习惯性动作习惯性动作,不定式则侧重具体的不定式则侧重具体的一次性动作一次性动作,有些动词后用二者均可。有
8、些动词后用二者均可。有些及物动词后面既可以接有些及物动词后面既可以接 V-ing V-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语,又可以接不定式作宾语又可以接不定式作宾语,意意义几乎没有区别义几乎没有区别。常用的该类动词有。常用的该类动词有beginbegin、startstart、hatehate、likelike、lovelove、prefer prefer 等。等。V-ingV-ing形式形式The teacher said,“You The teacher said,“You begin readingbegin reading now,and the students now,and the stu
9、dents began to readbegan to read.老师说老师说:“:“你们现在就开始读吧。你们现在就开始读吧。”于是于是,学生们就开始读了。学生们就开始读了。SheShe prefers living/to prefers living/to live abroad.live abroad.她更喜欢住在国外。她更喜欢住在国外。I I like playinglike playing football,especially football,especially to playto play with friends.with friends.我喜欢踢足球我喜欢踢足球,特别是和朋
10、友们一起踢。特别是和朋友们一起踢。V-ingV-ing形式形式有些动词后既可跟有些动词后既可跟 V-ing V-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语,也可跟不定式作宾语也可跟不定式作宾语,但意义差别很但意义差别很大大。trytrytry doing sth.try doing sth.试着做某事试着做某事try to do sth.try to do sth.尽力做某事尽力做某事Lets Lets try knockingtry knocking at the back door.at the back door.我们试试敲后门吧。我们试试敲后门吧。Jack Jack tried to improve
11、tried to improve his spoken English but failed.his spoken English but failed.杰克尽力提高杰克尽力提高他的英语口语他的英语口语,但没成功。但没成功。V-ingV-ing形式形式regretregretregret doing sth.regret doing sth.后悔做过某事后悔做过某事regret to do sth.regret to do sth.遗憾地要做某事遗憾地要做某事 I really I really regret missing regret missing his lecture.his lec
12、ture.我真的很后悔错过了他的讲座。我真的很后悔错过了他的讲座。I I regret to say regret to say that I am unable to help him.that I am unable to help him.真遗憾真遗憾,我不能帮助他。我不能帮助他。V-ingV-ing形式形式cant helpcant helpcant help doing sth.cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help(to)do sth.cant help(to)do sth.不能帮忙做某事不能帮忙做某事 I I couldnt help
13、shakingcouldnt help shaking with so few clothes on.with so few clothes on.穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦来。穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦来。I I cant help(to)finish cant help(to)finish the task.the task.我不能帮忙完成这个任务。我不能帮忙完成这个任务。V-ingV-ing形式形式meanmeanmean doing sth.mean doing sth.意味着意味着mean to do sth.mean to do sth.打算做打算做Wasting time
14、Wasting time means wasting means wasting life.life.浪费时间就意味着浪费生命。浪费时间就意味着浪费生命。I I meant to gomeant to go,but my father would not allow me to.,but my father would not allow me to.我本打算去我本打算去,但我爸爸不让我去。但我爸爸不让我去。V-ingV-ing形式形式forgetforgetforget doing sth.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事忘记做过某事forget to do sth.forge
15、t to do sth.忘记去做某事忘记去做某事He He forgot turning forgot turning the light off.the light off.他忘记已经关过灯了。他忘记已经关过灯了。The light in the office is still on.He The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turnforgot to turn it off.it off.办公室的灯还在亮着。他忘记关了办公室的灯还在亮着。他忘记关了V-ingV-ing形式形式go ongo ongo on doing sth.g
16、o on doing sth.继续做某事继续做某事(继续的是同一件未做完的事继续的是同一件未做完的事)go on to do sth.go on to do sth.继续做某事继续做某事(继续做另外一件事继续做另外一件事)。Get the children to Get the children to go on singing go on singing one by one.one by one.让孩子们继续一个一个地唱。让孩子们继续一个一个地唱。The music band The music band went on to play went on to play another co
17、untry music.another country music.乐队接着弹奏另一首乡村乐曲。乐队接着弹奏另一首乡村乐曲。V-ingV-ing形式形式remember remember remember doing sth.remember doing sth.记得做过某事记得做过某事remember to do sth.remember to do sth.记着要做某事记着要做某事 I still I still remember being remember being sent to school for the first time.sent to school for the fi
18、rst time.我仍记得第一次被送到学校上学的情景。我仍记得第一次被送到学校上学的情景。PleasePlease remember to give remember to give my best regards to your family my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。请记着代我向你的家人问好。V-ingV-ing形式形式高频高频考点考点V-ing V-ing 形式与不定式作宾语的意义区别需要仔细区分。形式与不定式作宾语的意义区别需要仔细区分。-Come and see!The baby is crying.Come and se
19、e!The baby is crying.-Please do something to make him-Please do something to make him_._.A.stop cryingA.stop crying B.stop to cry B.stop to cry C.crying C.crying D.cry D.cry【答答案】案】A AV-ingV-ing形式形式高频高频考点考点To live a low-carbon life,we must rememberTo live a low-carbon life,we must remember_the lights
20、 when we the lights when we leave the room.leave the room.A.to turn offA.to turn off B.turning off B.turning off C.not to turn off C.not to turn off【答答案】案】A AV-ingV-ing形式形式高频高频考点考点-Mary dances best in our school.-Mary dances best in our school.-I I agree.Ill never forget _ her dance for the first ti
21、me.agree.Ill never forget _ her dance for the first time.A.sA.se eeing eing B.to see B.to see C.seeC.see D.seen D.seen【答案】【答案】A AV-ingV-ing形式形式3.3.作补足语作补足语作补足语的作补足语的 V-ing V-ing 形式是现在分词形式是现在分词,可以用在可以用在 see see、hearhear、noticenotice、watchwatch、feelfeel、smellsmell、observe observe等表示感官和心理状态的动词，等表示感官和心理
22、状态的动词，havehave、getget、leaveleave、keepkeep等使役动词及等使役动词及findfind、catch catch等动词后面作补足语等动词后面作补足语,和宾语一起构成复合宾语和宾语一起构成复合宾语,表示一个正在进行的动作表示一个正在进行的动作.I I heard a girl cryingheard a girl crying not far away.not far away.我听见不远处有个女孩在哭泣。我听见不远处有个女孩在哭泣。Can you Can you smell something burningsmell something burning?你能
23、闻到什么东西正在燃烧吗你能闻到什么东西正在燃烧吗?Dont Dont have your children workinghave your children working at their homework all the time.at their homework all the time.不要让你的孩子们一直做作业。不要让你的孩子们一直做作业。ften he found the girl quietly reading in the classroom.ften he found the girl quietly reading in the classroom.他常常发现那个女孩他
24、常常发现那个女孩静静地在教室里读书。静静地在教室里读书。V-ingV-ing形式形式3.3.作补足语作补足语用法比较用法比较表示感官的动词后面用表示感官的动词后面用 V-ing V-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语,表示正在进行的动作表示正在进行的动作;用不带用不带toto的不定式作宾语补足语，的不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程或经常性表示动作的全过程或经常性。I I heard heard the doorbell the doorbell ringingringing.我听见门铃在响。我听见门铃在响。(听的时候听的时候,门铃正在响门铃正在响)I I sawsaw him ente
25、r the him enter the buildingbuilding.我看见他进了楼。我看见他进了楼。(看到进入的全过程看到进入的全过程)V-ingV-ing形式形式4.4.作表语作表语作表语的作表语的 V-ing V-ing形式可以是动名词也可以是现在分词。形式可以是动名词也可以是现在分词。动名词动名词作表语用以说明主语的内容作表语用以说明主语的内容;现在分词现在分词作表语说明事物的特点、性质等作表语说明事物的特点、性质等,作表语的现在分词已形容词化作表语的现在分词已形容词化。Your task is Your task is cleaningcleaning the windows.t
26、he windows.你的任务就是擦窗户。你的任务就是擦窗户。The speech you delivered is very The speech you delivered is very interesting and encouraging.interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣且很鼓舞人。你的演讲很有趣且很鼓舞人。V-ingV-ing形式形式 常用必备常用必备具有形容词性质的具有形容词性质的 V-ing V-ing 形式形式exciting exciting 令人兴奋的令人兴奋的 encouraging encouraging 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的 d
27、isappointing disappointing 令人失望的令人失望的 frightening frightening 今人害怕的今人害怕的 interesting interesting 有趣的有趣的 moving moving 令人感动的令人感动的 picasing picasing 令人高兴的令人高兴的 surprising surprising 今人惊奇的今人惊奇的 tiring tiring 今人厌烦的今人厌烦的 sworrying sworrying 令人担优的令人担优的 puzzling puzzling 令人困感的令人困感的 shocking shocking 令人震惊的令
28、人震惊的 V-ingV-ing形式形式5.5.作定语作定语作定语的作定语的 V-ing V-ing形式可以是动名词也可以是现在分词。形式可以是动名词也可以是现在分词。动名词动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种用途作定语表示被修饰词的某种用途,常置于被修饰词的前面常置于被修饰词的前面;现在分词现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作作定语表示正在进行的动作,单个的单个的 V-ing V-ing形式作定语前置形式作定语前置,V-ing,V-ing 短语作短语作定语后置。定语后置。a a walking walking stick(=a stick for walking)stick(=a stick for w
29、alking)拐杖拐杖a a washing washing machine(=a machine for washing)machine(=a machine for washing)洗衣机洗衣机 Have you got any Have you got any interesting interesting storybooks for children?storybooks for children?你有什么有趣的儿童故事书吗你有什么有趣的儿童故事书吗?Make less noise.Theres aMake less noise.Theres a sleeping sleeping
30、child.child.小点声。有个孩子在睡觉。小点声。有个孩子在睡觉。V-ingV-ing形式形式6.6.作作状语状语作状语的作状语的 V-ing V-ing 形式是现在分词形式是现在分词,一般用于修饰动词一般用于修饰动词,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。HearingHearing the exciting news,the boy jumped for joy.the exciting news,the boy jumped for joy.听到这则令人激动的消息听到这则令人激动的消息,那个男孩高
31、兴得跳了起来。那个男孩高兴得跳了起来。(作时间状语作时间状语)LivingLiving far from the company,I have to get up early every morning.far from the company,I have to get up early every morning.由于由于住得离公司太远住得离公司太远,我每天早晨不得不早起。我每天早晨不得不早起。(作原因状语作原因状语)V-ingV-ing形式形式6.6.作作状语状语The fire lasted nearly an hour,The fire lasted nearly an hour,l
32、eaving leaving nothing valuable.nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个小时大火持续了近一个小时,几乎没剩下什么有用的东西。几乎没剩下什么有用的东西。(作结果状语作结果状语)WorkingWorking hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.在你的功课上多用功在你的功课上多用功,你会成功的。你会成功的。(作条件状语作条件状语)Talking and laughing,Talking and laughing,the children walked one by one into the classroom.the children walked one by one into the classroom.孩子们有说有笑地一个接一个进了教室。孩子们有说有笑地一个接一个进了教室。(作伴随状语作伴随状语)thanksTHANK YOU WATCHING THIS ONE
