1、UNIT 4 Looking good，feeling goodGRAMMAR AND USAGE 1关系副词关系副词l 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因时间、地点、原因状语状语时，应使用关系副词whenwhen，wherewhere，whywhy。l 还有一个万能关系副词thatthat.状语是一种用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句的词，说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。关系副词的作用指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。在从句中充当句子成分-状语。连接：把主句和定语从句连接起来。关系副词关系副词修饰的先行词修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分在从句中所作的成分when时间名词时间名词时
2、间状语时间状语where地点名词地点名词地点状语地点状语why原因名词原因名词原因状语原因状语thattime,place,reason,waytime,place,reason,way时间、地点、原因、方式时间、地点、原因、方式状语状语whenwhen 引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的词，如timetime，moment moment，monthmonth，dayday，yearyear 等，在定语从句中作时间状语。Do you remember the day whenwhen he was born?你记得他出生的日子吗？We dont know the exact time wh
3、enwhen he will return.我们不知道他将要回来的确切日期。wherewhere 引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词，如school，house，place等；也包括抽象的地点position、stage；隐形的地点：news，story，words在定语从句中作地点状语。This is the house wherewhere he was born.这座房子就是他出生的地方。Can you think of a situation wherewhere the phrase can be used?你能想出一个可以使用这个词组的场合吗？whywhy引导的定语从句修饰的
4、先行词是表示原因的词先行词是表示原因的词，在定语从句中作原因状语。Tell me the reason why you were angry yesterday.告诉我你昨天生气的原因。thatthat是一个多功能词，它可以用作关系副词引导定语从句关系副词引导定语从句，修饰表示时间时间（timetime）、地点（）、地点（placeplace）、原因（）、原因（reasonreason）、方式（）、方式（wayway）。that作关系副词时，相当于whenwhen，wherewhere，whywhy，“介词+which”，而且一般可以省略。表示时间时，that相当于when或“介词+which
5、”，可省略。I still remember the time the time(that/when/in which)I helped my father on the farm.我仍然记得在农场里帮助我爸爸的那段岁月。表示地点时，that相当于where或“介词+which”，可省略。I have never been to the placethe place(that/where/in which)the Americans live.我从未到过那些美国人居住的地方。表示原因时，that相当于why或for which，可省略。The reason（that/why/for which
6、）he lost his life was lack of medical care.他的死是由于医疗护理的缺乏。表示方式时，that相当于in which，可省略。Can you work out a way(that/in which)we can solve this problem?你能找出一种我们能够解决这个问题的方法吗？不能用不能用howhow引导定语从句！引导定语从句！howhow从不引导定语从句。从不引导定语从句。做题技巧一一判：判：判断从句成分结构是否完整。句子不完整：缺少主、宾、表、定主、宾、表、定用关系代词；句子完整：只是缺少状语缺少状语用关系副词。一一找：找：看主句，找
7、先行词，指人还是指物。二二看：看：看是否有特殊情况看是否有特殊情况；看定语从句中的动词是看定语从句中的动词是及物动词及物动词还是还是不及物动词不及物动词，及物动词及物动词后无宾语，用后无宾语，用关系代词关系代词，不及物动词则用关不及物动词则用关系副词系副词。举个This is the factory _I visited last year.(从句缺少宾语，故用关系代词；先行词是物，可选用that/whic;无特殊情况，两个都可以选。)This is the factory_he used to work.（从句句意完整，故用关系副词；the factory是地点，故用where。）Well
8、never foget the day_we work(不及物动词)in the village.Well never forget the day_we spent(及物动词)in the village.that/whichwherewhenthat/which 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which/whom，不可用that，先行词指物时，用which；指人时，用whom.根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定。This is the book on which I spent 5 yuan.This is the book from which I learnt a
9、 lot.介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定I remember the day on which I settled in China.I remember the month in which I stayed there.介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定Can you see the river across which there is a bridge？Fill in the blanks with proper relative pronouns or adverbs.Do you remember the days _ affected us a lot?_ we spent toge
10、ther?_ we stayed together?_ effect is still existing?which/thatwhich/thatin which/whenwhoseDo you remember the farm _ was built twenty years ago?_ we visited together?_ we stayed together?_ products are sold all over the world?which/thatwhich/thaton which/wherewhoseDo you believe the reason caused h
11、is sickness?he gave to us yesterday?_ he did not come to school yesterday?which/thatwhich/thatfor which/why Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good nights rest?One of the reasons why people fail to get a good nights sleep is pressure from school or work.They a
12、re still growing,and night is the time when their bodies grow faster.Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations where body development slows down,and their health suffers.Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good nights rest?Do you remember a time
13、?You had no worries stopping you from getting a good nights rest at the time.One of the reasons why people fail to get a good nights sleep is pressure from school or work.One of the reasons is pressure from school or work.People fail to get a good nights sleep for the reason.They are still growing,a
14、nd night is the time when their bodies grow faster.They are still growing and night is the time.Their bodies grow faster at the time.Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations where body development slows down,and their health suffers.Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience sit
15、uations.Body development slows down,and their health suffers in the situations.Night is the time when.Teenagers may experience situations where.One of the reasons why.is pressure from school/work.Learn by imitation The school where he once studied is very famous.The school in which he once studied i
16、s very famous.This is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.Do you remember the day when you joined our club?Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful,teenagers
17、sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.他们没有理由担心。There is no reason why they should be worried.我还记得我上初中的那一天。I still remember the day when I entered junior high school.Translate the sentences using restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs.Rewrite the following sentences using
18、 relative adverbs or“preposition+which”.I did not perform well at school last week.The reason was my poor-quality sleep.Those were the days.I used to sleep really well in those days.for the reason.The reason was my poor-quality sleep.for which/why I did not perform well at school last weekThose were
19、 the days in which/when I used to sleep really well.The hospital is near my home.I visited a doctor for advice on sleep problems in that hospital.I still remember that afternoon.That afternoon I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop.The hospital is near my home.in which/where I visited a doct
20、or for advice on sleep problemsI still remember that afternoonin which/when I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop.In that afternoon1.We have entered into an age.In the age dreams have the best chance of coming true.2.Self-driving is an area.In the area China and the rest of the world are on
21、 the same starting line.We have entered into an age in which/when dreams have the best chance of coming true.Self-driving is an area in which/where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.Rewrite the sentences using restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs.3.Their chi
22、ld is at a stage.At this stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.4.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week.Next week the weather may be better.5.He told me the reason.He didnt come to school for the reason.Their child is at a stage at which/where she can say individu
23、al words but not full sentences.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week when the weather may be better.He told me the reason for which/why he didnt come to school.Rewrite the sentences using restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs.Complete the passage with correct relative
24、pronouns,relative adverbs or“preposition+which”where necessary.l Complete the clause with the antecedent.l Use the right relative pronoun,relative adverb or“preposition+which”to replace the antecedent.l Find the antecedent.which/thatwhen/at whichwhere/in whichwhich/thatwhy/for which单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-
25、12-829单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-82929单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-829单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-82929单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-829Write a short passage paragraph using restrictive relative clauses where necessary.单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-830单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83030单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-830单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83030单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12
26、-830In a society where people are under a lot of pressure,sleep problems have become very common.That is the reason why World Sleep Day is celebrated every year on the Friday of the second full week of March.Its aims are to make people understand the importance of good and healthy sleep and to draw
27、societys attention to sleep problems.It is a time when people have discussions and give talks about the importance of healthy sleep.单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-831单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83131单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-831单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83131单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-831Exchange your writing with your partners and corr
28、ect the mistakes if there is any.单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-832单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83232单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-832单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83232单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-832把下列句子用定语从句改写成一个句子把下列句子用定语从句改写成一个句子(1)The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago._(2)The school lies in the east of the town.H
29、e once studied at the school._(3)Do you remember the days?We played together during the days._(4)Today，we will discuss a number of cases.Beginners of English fail to use the language properly._(5)The time was the happiest for me.At that time I taught at a village school._The house where he lived 10
30、years ago has been pulled down.The school where he once studied lies in the east of the town.Do you remember the days when we played together?Today，we will discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.The time when I taught at a village school was the happie
31、st for me.单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-833单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83333单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-833单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83333单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-833用合适的关系词完成句子用合适的关系词完成句子(6)Sales director is a position communication ability is just as important as sales themselves.(7)By 16：30，was almost closing time，nearly all the pai
32、ntings had been sold.(8)We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.(9)Between the two parts of the concert is a break，the audience can buy ice-cream.(10)A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.(1
33、1)The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living.(12)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend，we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.where which whenwhen where when where 单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-834单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-83434单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-834单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-8343
34、4单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-12-834(13)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.(14)This is the museum we saw an exhibition the other day.(15)As a child，Jack studied in a village school，is named after his grandfather.(16)The reason he didnt come to class was that he was ill.(17)Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers I go.Its only 15.where where which why where THE END
