1、Unit 1 Past and present课时 4 Grammar译林版初中英语八年级下册译林版初中英语八年级下册感 谢 您 的 聆 听课时 4 Grammar译林版初中英语八年级下册译林版初中英语八年级下册目目录录课堂导入01语法知识02课堂练习03课堂小结040101课 堂导入dodiddonebewas/werebeencomecamecomechoosechosechosen0202语 法知识Present perfect tense 现在完成时现在完成时1含义:含义:(1)表示过去发生的事持续到现在;表示过去发生的事持续到现在;(2)表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响。表示过去发生
2、的事情对现在产生影响。eg:Mr Wang has lived here since he came to Anhui.自王先生来到安徽,他就住在这儿了。I have lost my mobile phone.我的手机丢了。单元语法知识梳理2构成:构成:have/has(not)动词的过去分词。动词的过去分词。eg:He has not returned the book to me yet.他还没有把书还给我。She has never seen this film.她从没看过这部电影。单元语法知识梳理(2)规则动词的过去分词的变化规则规则动词的过去分词的变化规则3.动词的过去分词动词的过去
3、分词构词法示例a.一般直接在词尾加edworkworkedopenopenedb.以不发音的字母e结尾的词直接加dlivelivedskateskated(1)不规则动词的过去分词需牢记课本上的不规则动词表。不规则动词的过去分词需牢记课本上的不规则动词表。单元语法知识梳理构词法示例c.以“辅音字母y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加studystudiedhurryhurriedd.以“元音字母y”结尾的词,直接加edplayplayedstaystayede.以“元音字母一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加edstopstoppedplanplannedpreferprefer
4、red 单元语法知识梳理4常用时间状语:常用时间状语:just 刚刚;yet 用于疑问句,表示“已经”,用于否定句表“还”;ever 曾经;already 用于陈述句,表示“已经”,否定句中改为yet;never 用在句中表示否定,从未,从不;recently 近来,最近。单元语法知识梳理eg:Have you found your lost key yet?你已经找到你丢失的钥匙了吗?I have never heard of this singer before.我以前从未听说过这个歌手。单元语法知识梳理0303课 堂练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.I _(study)in Americ
5、a for over three years.2.The young man _(live)alone since he graduated from college.(兰州)3.This is the best film that I _(see)so far.4.Hello.Can I speak to Miss Brown?Sorry,she _(fly)to Canada already.Shell be back in a week.have studiedhas livedhave seenhas flown5.In the past two weeks,the artist _(
6、draw)many pictures about his hometown.6.I _(know)Jimmy for over two days and now we are good friends.7.Why are the windows so dirty?Because we _(not clean)them for a long time.8.My life _(change)a lot in the past few years.(枣庄改编)as drawnhave knownhavent cleanedhas changed 二、单项选择9.Dave,we will leave
7、in 10 minutes.Are you ready?No,I_ our guidebook and towels yet.(玉林)A.dont pack B.didnt packC.have packed D.havent packed【点拨点拨】考查现在完成时的用法。根据考查现在完成时的用法。根据No可知还没有准备好,可知还没有准备好,排除排除C;根据句意;根据句意“戴夫,我们将在十分钟后出发。你准备好戴夫,我们将在十分钟后出发。你准备好了吗?了吗?没有,我还没有,我还我们的旅游指南和毛巾。我们的旅游指南和毛巾。”可知到现可知到现在还没准备好,对现在有影响,用现在完成时态。故选在还没准备
8、好,对现在有影响,用现在完成时态。故选D。D10.The singers _ many concerts in the countryside since 2001.(湘潭)A.hold B.held C.have held【点拨点拨】语法判定法。语法判定法。当句子的时间状语为当句子的时间状语为“since 过过去的时间点去的时间点”时,句子用用现在完成时,所以选时,句子用用现在完成时,所以选C。C11.Have you finished your homework?_.Just half of it.How about you?(苏州)A.Not at all B.Not likely C.
9、Not a bit D.Not yet【点拨点拨】本题用交际法。考查交际用语。根据答语中本题用交际法。考查交际用语。根据答语中“只只完成了一半完成了一半”可知,还没有完成家庭作业,故选可知,还没有完成家庭作业,故选D。D12.Ann is a nurse in our hospital.She_ here for ten years.A.works B.has worked C.worked D.was workingB【点拨点拨】本题用题眼法。由本题用题眼法。由“for ten years”可知本句为现可知本句为现在完成时。故选在完成时。故选B。13.Wow!You _ dinner!Let
10、s eat now.(河北)A.cook B.are cookingC.will cook D.have cooked14.I am surprised at the new look of my hometown,for it _ a lot over the years.(安徽)A.Changed B.changesC.will change D.has changedDD15.You speak English so well._ have you learned English?For 5 years.(吉林)A.How many B.How longC.How often D.How farB【点拨点拨】考查特殊疑问词组的用法。根据答语考查特殊疑问词组的用法。根据答语“For 5 years.”可知,提问的是可知,提问的是“时间段时间段”,故选,故选B。0404课 堂小结本节课主要学习了以下知识点,请同学们及时巩固本节课主要学习了以下知识点,请同学们及时巩固练习:练习:现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法课堂小结