1、考点五非谓语动词第一部分语法突破考向研究在语法填空和短文改错中常考查:谓语动词和非谓语动词的混用;非在语法填空和短文改错中常考查:谓语动词和非谓语动词的混用;非谓语动词作目的、结果、伴随状语;非谓语动词作定语;谓语动词作目的、结果、伴随状语;非谓语动词作定语;with复合结复合结构中的非谓语动词;独立主格结构;构中的非谓语动词;独立主格结构;-ed和和-ing形容词的区别等。形容词的区别等。非谓语跟踪训练栏目索引非谓语 技技法法口口诀诀1分析句子结构分析句子结构,确定确定动词形式。动词形式。1.若句中找不到谓语,则所给动词应该作谓语若句中找不到谓语,则所给动词应该作谓语一个句子无论是主句还是从
2、句,必须要有谓语。一般来讲,空格所在的一个句子无论是主句还是从句,必须要有谓语。一般来讲,空格所在的句子中无其他动词,那么这个空就应填谓语动词。若填谓语动词需考虑句子中无其他动词,那么这个空就应填谓语动词。若填谓语动词需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。时态、语态、主谓一致等。2.若句中找到了谓语动词,而又找不到连词若句中找到了谓语动词,而又找不到连词(并列连词或从属连词并列连词或从属连词)时,则时,则所给动词一定用作非谓语动词。所给动词一定用作非谓语动词。非谓语动词需确定是非谓语动词需确定是v.-ing形式、形式、v.-ed形式还是不定式。形式还是不定式。技法点击单句语法填空单句语法填空1.(1)
3、He volunteered to help control traffic,(donate)an hour of his time every week.(2)He volunteered to help control traffic and (donate)an hour of his time every week.答案解析解析解析第第(1)句中已有谓语动词句中已有谓语动词volunteered,空格处为现在分词作伴随状语,空格处为现在分词作伴随状语;第第(2)句空格处与句空格处与volunteered并列作谓语。并列作谓语。donatingdonated过关检测解析解析分析句子结构可
4、知,第分析句子结构可知,第(1)句为句为and连接的两个并列句,通过时态、连接的两个并列句,通过时态、语态的分析可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态语态的分析可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态;第第(2)句为独立主格结构句为独立主格结构(with复合结构复合结构);第第(3)句为现在分词短语作伴随状语。句为现在分词短语作伴随状语。2.(1)Jim was listening attentively to the lecture and all his attention _ _(fix)on it.(2)Jim was listening attentively to the lecture,(with
5、)all his attention _(fix)on it.(3)Jim was listening attentively to the lecture,(fix)all his attention on it.wasfixedfixedfixing答案解析3.(1)He went into the room,(sit)at the table and began to read newspapers.(2)They walked along the stream together,(talk)and laughing.答案解析解析解析两句看似结构一致,但仔细分析却是大相径庭两句看似结构一
6、致,但仔细分析却是大相径庭。第。第(1)句为句为and连连接三个并列谓语接三个并列谓语;第第(2)句为句为and连接两个伴随状语。连接两个伴随状语。sattalking4.(1)The guide (lead)the way,we had no trouble getting out of the forest.(2)The guide (lead)the way,so we had no trouble getting out of the forest.答案解析解析解析两句的差别是连词两句的差别是连词so。分析句子结构可知,第。分析句子结构可知,第(1)句前半句为独立句前半句为独立主格结构
7、作原因状语主格结构作原因状语;第第(2)句为句为so连接两个并列句,空格处所填词应与第二个并列分句的谓语连接两个并列句,空格处所填词应与第二个并列分句的谓语动词一致。动词一致。leadingled5.(1)The party will be held in the garden,weather (permit).(2)The party will be held in the garden,if weather (permit).答案解析解析解析两句的差别是连词两句的差别是连词if。分析句子结构可知,第。分析句子结构可知,第(1)句后半句为独立句后半句为独立主格结构作条件状语主格结构作条件状语
8、;第第(2)句为句为if引导的条件状语从句。引导的条件状语从句。permittingpermits 技技法法口口诀诀2逻辑主语巧利用逻辑主语巧利用,确定确定主动与被动。主动与被动。如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语或其修饰的词之间是主动关系,则非如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语或其修饰的词之间是主动关系,则非谓语动词用主动式;若两者之间是被动关系,则用其被动式;若两者之谓语动词用主动式;若两者之间是被动关系,则用其被动式;若两者之间没关系,则可把非谓语动词的逻辑主语添上,构成独立主格结构。间没关系,则可把非谓语动词的逻辑主语添上,构成独立主格结构。技法点击单句语法填空单句语法填空1.(wear)his br
9、ight red armband(红袖章红袖章)and speaking fluent Mandarin,62-year-old Gao Tianrui could be taken for any regular Chinese man.(2018河北唐山一模河北唐山一模)答案解析解析解析句意为:戴着鲜艳的红袖章,说着一口流利的普通话,句意为:戴着鲜艳的红袖章,说着一口流利的普通话,62岁的高岁的高天瑞能被误认为是一个普通的中国男士。主语与天瑞能被误认为是一个普通的中国男士。主语与wear之间是主动关系,之间是主动关系,且且wear的动作和谓语动词的动作是同时进行的,故用现在分词作原因状的动
10、作和谓语动词的动作是同时进行的,故用现在分词作原因状语,故答案为语,故答案为Wearing。Wearing过关检测2.The website asks visitors (join)in the movement to reduce the number of illiterate people in the world.(2018内蒙古呼和浩特一模内蒙古呼和浩特一模)答案解析解析解析句中句中visitors和和join之间是主动关系,且是之间是主动关系,且是ask sb.to do sth.结构,结构,故填不定式的主动式故填不定式的主动式to join。to join3.The countr
11、ys chief exports are coal,cars and cotton goods,cars _(be)the most important of these.(2018江苏泰州中学二模江苏泰州中学二模)答案解析解析解析句意为:该国的主要出口产品是煤、汽车和棉花制品,其中汽车句意为:该国的主要出口产品是煤、汽车和棉花制品,其中汽车是最重要的。此句中有谓语动词是最重要的。此句中有谓语动词are,中间无连词,因此此处要用非谓语,中间无连词,因此此处要用非谓语动词,动词,being the most important of these有自己的逻辑主语,即有自己的逻辑主语,即cars,此
12、,此部分在主句中充当状语,起到对主句进行补充说明的作用。部分在主句中充当状语,起到对主句进行补充说明的作用。being4.Look!Here s a photo (take)in my classroom at primary school.Can you recognize me in it?(2018北京朝阳区一模北京朝阳区一模)答案解析解析解析句中句中photo与与take之间是被动关系,且之间是被动关系,且take的动作已经发生,故用的动作已经发生,故用过去分词作后置定语。过去分词作后置定语。taken5.In addition,national parks protect anima
13、ls from the danger of _ (hunt).(2018四川乐山二模四川乐山二模)解析解析介词介词of后跟动名词,后跟动名词,hunt跟其逻辑主语跟其逻辑主语animals之间是被动关系,之间是被动关系,故填故填being hunted。beinghunted 技技法法口口诀诀3研判动作先与后研判动作先与后,非非谓形式不硬凑。谓形式不硬凑。若非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词之后或还没发生,常用动词不若非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词之后或还没发生,常用动词不定式的一般式;若非谓语动词发生在谓语动词之前,则常用非谓语动词定式的一般式;若非谓语动词发生在谓语动词之前,则常用非谓语动词的
14、完成式或过去分词;若非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作同时发生或非谓的完成式或过去分词;若非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作同时发生或非谓语动词表示经常性、习惯性的动作,则用语动词表示经常性、习惯性的动作,则用-ing形式的一般式。形式的一般式。技法点击单句语法填空单句语法填空1.(1)The question (discuss)tomorrow is very important.(2)The question (discuss)yesterday is very important.(3)The question (discuss)now is very important.答案解析解析解析(1)由句中的
15、由句中的tomorrow可知可知discuss还未发生,故用不定式的被动式。还未发生,故用不定式的被动式。(2)由句中的由句中的yesterday可知可知discuss已经发生,且又是一个被动的动作,故已经发生,且又是一个被动的动作,故用过去分词。用过去分词。(3)由句中的由句中的now可知,可知,discuss是一个正在发生的被动动作,故用是一个正在发生的被动动作,故用being discussed作定语。作定语。to be discusseddiscussedbeing discussed过关检测2.The artist is said (cheat)during the producti
16、on and thus a pirated video was sold in every part of Kenya.(2018江苏泰州中学二模江苏泰州中学二模)答案解析解析解析句中考查句中考查be said to do表示表示“据说据说”,再根据后半句可知事情,再根据后半句可知事情已经发生,故用不定式的完成式。句意为:据说这位艺术家的作品已经已经发生,故用不定式的完成式。句意为:据说这位艺术家的作品已经被窃取了,因此在肯尼亚的每一个地方都有盗版视频出售被窃取了,因此在肯尼亚的每一个地方都有盗版视频出售。to have been cheated3.(receive)your purchase
17、s in time,make sure the express company knows your address exactly.(2018天津部分区一模天津部分区一模)答案解析解析解析句意为:为了及时收到你购买的东西,要确保快递公司准确地知句意为:为了及时收到你购买的东西,要确保快递公司准确地知道你的地址。道你的地址。receive动作还未发生,在句中作目的状语,故应用不定式。动作还未发生,在句中作目的状语,故应用不定式。To receive4.An archaeological(考古考古)survey,(use)advanced technologies,has concluded t
18、hat the Ming walls measure 8,850 km.(2018东北三校联考东北三校联考)解析解析此处是现在分词短语作定语,故答案为此处是现在分词短语作定语,故答案为using。using跟踪训练答案解析.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.The giant panda (love)by people throughout the world.解析解析分析句子结构可知,句子中没有谓语动词,故空格处应作谓语。分析句子结构可知,句子中没有谓语动词,故空格处应作谓语。大熊猫为世界各地的人们所喜爱是个客观事实,应用一般现在时,且大熊猫为世界各地的人们所喜爱是个客观事实,应用一般现在时,且p
19、anda和和love之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。is loved123456789101112141315答案解析2.Chen Xiao,30,a tourist (stay)in a minsu in Lijiang,Yunnan Province thought highly of minsu.(2018辽宁大连一模辽宁大连一模)解析解析通过分析句子可知,该句中已有谓语动词通过分析句子可知,该句中已有谓语动词thought,且此句中没有,且此句中没有连词,所以此句是一个简单句,故连词,所以此句是一个简单句,故stay应用其非谓语形式,
20、且应用其非谓语形式,且a tourist与与stay之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作定语,故填之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作定语,故填staying。staying123456789101112141315答案解析3.(ignore)for many years,the novelist suddenly became famous.解析解析分析句子结构可知,此句中已有谓语动词分析句子结构可知,此句中已有谓语动词became,且句子中没有,且句子中没有出现连词,所以此处应填非谓语形式,又由于出现连词,所以此处应填非谓语形式,又由于the novelist与与ignore之间之间是被动关系且是
21、被动关系且ignore的动作发生在谓语动词之前,故用现在分词的完成的动作发生在谓语动词之前,故用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词作状语。被动式或过去分词作状语。Having been ignored/Ignored123456789101112141315答案解析4.(surround)the Forbidden City,many alleys were built during the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties.(2018湖南教育联盟联考湖南教育联盟联考)解析解析句意为:在紫禁城周围,许多胡同都是在元、明、清王朝时期修句意为:在紫禁城周围,许多胡同都是在元、明
22、、清王朝时期修建的。此处建的。此处many alleys是句子的主语,与是句子的主语,与surround构成主动关系,所以构成主动关系,所以用现在分词作伴随状语,答案为用现在分词作伴随状语,答案为Surrounding。Surrounding123456789101112141315答案解析5.My mom and dad tried to help by (give)me simulated(模拟的模拟的)interviews one after another.(2018辽宁瓦房店一模辽宁瓦房店一模)解析解析介词介词by后跟动名词作宾语。故答案为后跟动名词作宾语。故答案为giving。gi
23、ving123456789101112141315答案解析6.(get)your free tickets,you should e-mail this program by midday on Friday.(2018广东茂名五大联盟学校联考广东茂名五大联盟学校联考)解析解析句意为:为了得到免费的票,你应该在星期五中午前给这个节目句意为:为了得到免费的票,你应该在星期五中午前给这个节目发电子邮件。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式,故填发电子邮件。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式,故填To get。To get123456789101112141315答案解析7.The study finds tha
24、t 20%of the injuries (cause)by car accidents are linked to sleepy drivers.(2018新疆一模新疆一模)解析解析“(cause)by car accidents”作定语,修饰作定语,修饰injuries,cause与与injuries是被动关系,用过去分词表示被动。故填是被动关系,用过去分词表示被动。故填caused。caused123456789101112141315答案解析8.In places such as Shanghai,people eat tangyuan,a kind of small dumpling
25、 ball (produce)with sticky rice flour(粉粉).(2018安徽安庆二模安徽安庆二模)解析解析句意为:在像上海这样的地方,人们吃汤圆,这是一种用糯米粉句意为:在像上海这样的地方,人们吃汤圆,这是一种用糯米粉制成的小饺子球。此处是过去分词作后置定语,故答案为制成的小饺子球。此处是过去分词作后置定语,故答案为produced。produced123456789101112141315答案解析9.Each year,Zhangjiajie hosts the International Country Music Week Festival,(feature)int
26、ernational acts such as American country music group Lucy Angel.解析解析feature与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故此处用现在分词短语作与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故此处用现在分词短语作状语,表示状语,表示“以以为特色为特色”。featuring123456789101112141315答案解析10.Scientists from the University of York,UK,found that chimps dont appreciate listening to music,despite their DNA (be)
27、96 to 98 percent similar to that of humans.(2018安徽六校教育研究会联考安徽六校教育研究会联考)解析解析“their DNA (be)96 to 98 percent similar to that of humans”是介词是介词despite的宾语,介词的宾语需用名词或动名词,故该空填的宾语,介词的宾语需用名词或动名词,故该空填being。being123456789101112141315答案解析11.I wont call myself the most accomplished person when it comes to _(hold
28、)chopsticks.(2018湖北八校联考湖北八校联考)解析解析在在when it comes to.这一固定句型中,这一固定句型中,to是介词,后接名词或动是介词,后接名词或动名词。故填名词。故填holding。holding123456789101112141315答案解析12.As for travel by road,the electronic toll collection system helps enhance the efficiency of travel with the system (update).解析解析句意为:至于公路旅行,电子收费系统的更新帮助提高了旅行的
29、句意为:至于公路旅行,电子收费系统的更新帮助提高了旅行的效率。此处是效率。此处是with复合结构作状语,复合结构作状语,update与与system之间是被动关系。之间是被动关系。故用故用updated。updated123456789101112141315答案解析13.With time (go)by,some people forget their ambitions.(2018贵州黔东南州一模贵州黔东南州一模)解析解析句意为:随着时间的流逝,一些人忘记了他们的雄心壮志。此处句意为:随着时间的流逝,一些人忘记了他们的雄心壮志。此处是是with的复合结构作状语,的复合结构作状语,with名
30、词名词/代词代词doing,用现在分词表示主,用现在分词表示主动关系,故答案为动关系,故答案为going。going123456789101112141315答案解析14.The researchers got the idea after (inspire)by the film,Star Wars.(2018江西重点中学协作体联考江西重点中学协作体联考)解析解析介词介词after后跟后跟v.-ing形式,且形式,且inspire与与researchers之间是被动关系,之间是被动关系,故填故填being inspired。being inspired12345678910111214131
31、5答案解析15.I happened (stand)next to him when the old man fell.解析解析句意为:当老人摔倒时,我碰巧站在他旁边。句意为:当老人摔倒时,我碰巧站在他旁边。happen to be doing sth.碰巧正在做某事,故答案为碰巧正在做某事,故答案为to be standing。to be standing123456789101112141315答案.单句改错单句改错(每小题仅有每小题仅有1处错误处错误)16.In addition,spare some time to build up your body on a regular bas
32、is to make you energetic and relaxing.(2018山东枣庄八中一模山东枣庄八中一模)17.Now I want to tell you an impressive story happen in my first lesson.18.I praised him for his deeds and asked the students to sing a song naming Mother together.happeningrelaxednamed答案19.As is proved,some UK primary schools will use 36 m
33、ath textbooks,exercise books,and teachers guides publishing by the Shanghai Century Publishing(SCP).20.The hot pot,dated back to several thousand years ago,is one of the traditional Chinese diets,which enjoys wide popularity.21.We managed to sending her to the nearest hospital.(2018安徽合肥二模安徽合肥二模)publ
34、isheddatingsend答案22.They can pull a sled,carrying things and do many other important things.(2018河南衡阳一模河南衡阳一模)23.They bought a kite which they liked very much and then the family went to the suburbs where Chris enjoyed himself fly the kite.(2018青海西宁一模青海西宁一模)carryflying答案24.This afternoon,our class i
35、nvited an old craftsman teach us about Chinese papercut art.(2018山东淄博一模山东淄博一模)25.Seen me,he waved something:It was my cap.(2018四川德阳二诊四川德阳二诊)toSeeingdsfdbsy384y982ythb3oibt4oy39y409705923y09y53b2lkboi2y58wy0ehtoibwoify98wy049ywh4b3oiut89u983yf9ivh98y98sv98hv98ys9f698y9v698yv98x98tb98fyd98gyd98h98ds98
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