1、Words and expressions 2 Journey Across a Vast LandTravel far enough,you meet yourself.-David Mitchell 1._adj.令人愉快的；友好的令人愉快的；友好的_v.使使.开心开心_adj.高兴的高兴的_n.快乐快乐;高兴高兴 2.arise_vi.起身；出现；由起身；出现；由.引起引起 3._adj.巨大的；非常严重的巨大的；非常严重的_adv.非常严重地非常严重地 4._adv.字面上；真正地字面上；真正地_adj.字面上的；逐字的字面上的；逐字的 5._n.呼吸的空气呼吸的空气_vi.呼吸呼吸_
2、 adj.气喘吁吁的气喘吁吁的 6._n.风景；景色风景；景色_n.场景；布景；现场场景；布景；现场 7._adj.令人惊叹的令人惊叹的_v./n.使敬畏；敬畏，惊叹使敬畏；敬畏，惊叹 8.freeze_结冰；使冻住结冰；使冻住_adj.极极冷的；冰冻的冷的；冰冻的_adj.结冰的；（行为态度等）冷淡的结冰的；（行为态度等）冷淡的pleasantpleasepleasedarosearisenmassivemassivelyliterallyliteralbreathbreathescenerysceneawesomeawefrozefrozenfreezingfrozenpleasurebr
3、eathless9._ vt.预料；预见；期望预料；预见；期望_n.预料；预期预料；预期10._n.持续时间；期间持续时间；期间_prep.在在.期间期间 11._v.使加入；注册；登记使加入；注册；登记_n.登记；入伍登记；入伍12._vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊使十分惊讶；使吃惊_adj.吃惊的吃惊的 _adj.令人吃惊的令人吃惊的_n.吃惊的；惊讶的吃惊的；惊讶的13._n.薄雾；水汽薄雾；水汽_adj.多雾的；模糊的多雾的；模糊的14._n.广告广告_v.打广告打广告15._n.摄影师；拍照者摄影师；拍照者_v.拍照拍照anticipateanticipationdurationdurin
4、genrollenrollmentastonishastonishedastonishingastonishmentmistmistyadvertisementadvertisephotographerphotograph pleasant a.令人愉快的令人愉快的；友好的友好的；舒适的；礼貌而友善的；舒适的；礼貌而友善的 unpleasant a pleasant climate/evening/place 令人愉快的气候令人愉快的气候/夜晚夜晚/地方地方 be pleasant/friendly to sb 对对.友好友好 be pleasant to do sth.做某事很惬意做某事很惬
5、意 be pleasant to the eye/taste 悦目悦目/可口可口 pleasantly adv.愉快地愉快地 pleasantness n.愉快愉快;舒适舒适;和蔼可亲和蔼可亲 pleased a.欣喜的，高兴的，愉快的欣喜的，高兴的，愉快的 be pleased with=be content with 对对感到满意感到满意 be pleased to do sth.高兴高兴/乐于做某事乐于做某事 pleasing a.令人高兴的，令人满意的令人高兴的，令人满意的1.起身；2.出现；发生；产生(occur)3.由引起1.What problems may arise when
6、 humans are cloned?2.He arose from his seat.3.Accidents often arise from carelessness.arise【拓展】arisearosearisenarise from/out of=result from 由由引起，产生引起，产生【活学活用】When I _(arise)from the chair,my father and Eleanors father were deep in conversation.We should always keep in mind that _(事故源自粗心大意)while dri
7、ving.With _(很多问题出现),he didnt know what to do next.aroseaccidents arise from carelessness many questions arisingarise 作作“发生发生;出现出现”讲时讲时,主语多为主语多为抽象名词抽象名词,argument,problem,quarrel,question等。等。原形过去式过去分词现在分词含义arise(vi.)raz 主要用于借喻,指“出现;发生;产生”,也有“起立;起身”的意思。arouse(vt.)指“唤醒;激起;引起”,后常跟抽象名词。rise(vi.)raz 指“升起;上
8、升;(价格等)增长”,也可指“起立;起床;地位升高”等。raise(vt.)rez 指“升起;举起;增加(程度、价格等);提高(音量);提出;种植(农作物);养育;抚育(子女)”。arose arisenarisingarousedarousingroserisenrisingraisedraisingarouse ones interest/sympathy 唤起唤起某人的兴趣、同情心某人的兴趣、同情心用用rise,arise,raise或或arouse的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。The prices are _ fast these days.Nobody can get the pr
9、ices down.Whatever troubles_,we must maintain a calm state of mind.Youll have to _ your voice if you want to be heard in here.Something he said as he was leaving really _ my curiosity.risingariseraisearoused massive msv:adj.巨大的巨大的;非常严重的非常严重的 mass n.块，团；群众，民众；大量，众多块，团；群众，民众；大量，众多 enormous:adj.巨大的巨大的;
10、极大的极大的 huge:adj.巨大的巨大的;庞大的庞大的 giant:adj.巨大的巨大的;庞大的庞大的 vast:adj.巨大的巨大的;广阔的广阔的;浩瀚的浩瀚的 (多指空间、面积、范围巨大的多指空间、面积、范围巨大的)literally ltrli adv.字面上字面上;真正地真正地 literally speaking 照字义来说，不夸张地说照字义来说，不夸张地说 be literally understood 按照字面意思理解按照字面意思理解 literal adj.字面上的字面上的;原义的原义的;逐字的逐字的;言辞刻板的言辞刻板的 literature n.文学，文学作品文学，文学
11、作品1.I took what she said literally,but afterwards I knew she really meant something else.2.Until next payday,I was literally without any money.breathbre1.We had to stop for breath before we got to the top.2.The weather was hot,without a breath of wind.3.Reaching the top of tower,he was out of breath
12、.4.I was breathless after climbing the stairs.n.n.呼吸呼吸一丝，丝毫一丝，丝毫 hold ones breath 屏息屏息;屏气屏气 catch ones breath 缓一口气，歇一口气缓一口气，歇一口气 take a deep breath 深呼吸深呼吸 breathe in/out 吸气吸气/呼气呼气 out of breath=breathless 气喘吁吁气喘吁吁 take sbs breath away 令人惊叹令人惊叹draw in a breath of fresh air吸一口清新的空气吸一口清新的空气 【翻译句子】When
13、I went to the Grand Canyon for the first time,the sight there took my breath away.当我第一次去科罗拉多大峡谷的时候,_.生命并不是以我们活多久来衡量的,而是要看我们经历多少精彩瞬间。【完成句子】It was the sight of the beautiful mountains _(令我们惊叹不已)._(令人叹为观止)to see how much the small village has changed in such a short time.那里的景色让我惊叹。那里的景色让我惊叹。that took o
14、ur breath away It takes ones breath away单句填空As I got closer,I saw him kicking his legs in the air and(breathe)heavily.We were all holding our(breathe)when the teacher announced the results of the election.If you dont mind,Ill stop and take deep breath.breathingbreathabound v.a.n.1.The little girl bo
15、unded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.2.The ball bounded from the wall.3.Thomas is independent,so he is bound to refuse our help.4.This is a plane bound for Beijing.5.Her reading is improving in leaps and bounds.vi.跳动 vi.弹回 a.必定的，一定的 a.正旅行去（某地）；准备前往（某地）n.(pl.)限制范围，界限，一跳(be)bound for(be)
16、bound for 准备前往准备前往/开往开往 be bound to do sth.be bound to do sth.一定会做某事一定会做某事be bound up with be bound up with 与与有联系有联系;和和.密切相关密切相关This is a bus(which is)bound for epidemic areas.We are bound to win the battle.【活学活用】Youve done so much workyoure bound _(pass)the exam.She was on a plane bound _ Moscow wh
17、en she got sick.Who said that making a robot so much like a man was bound _(cause)trouble?Having robbed the bank,the man took a train bound _the border.【完成句子】You will have to wait a long time if you dont _(乘坐下一班到印度的轮船).to passforto causeforare bound to succeed/achieve successtake the next ship bound
18、 for India awesome sm:adj.令令人惊叹的人惊叹的;极好的，了不起的极好的，了不起的非正式非正式 可怕的可怕的;很好的很好的 awe n.敬畏，惊叹；敬畏，惊叹；v.使敬畏，使惊叹使敬畏，使惊叹 awful fl:adj.极坏的极坏的;可怕的可怕的;非常的非常的 awkward kwd:adj.笨拙的笨拙的;棘手的棘手的;尴尬尴尬的的peakpik1.the peaks of the roof2.a 3.sb.career4.Traffic between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning.5.peak hours a peak season6.W
19、ind speeds 105 miles per hour yesterday.n.Cn.C1.1.尖形，尖头；尖形，尖头；2.2.山峰，山顶山峰，山顶3.3.高峰，顶峰高峰，顶峰(height)(height)5.a.5.a.最高的，最高的，最高峰的最高峰的6.vi.6.vi.达到最高点达到最高点 summit smt n.最最高点高点;顶点顶点;山山顶顶;首首脑会议脑会议;峰会峰会peak 语义网络图语义网络图物体的物体的“尖尖”山峰的山峰的“尖尖”抽象事物的抽象事物的“尖尖”尖形；尖头尖形；尖头山峰；山顶山峰；山顶高峰；顶峰高峰；顶峰尖尖（基本义）（基本义）peakvt.highligh
20、t 突出，强调One of the highlights of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal.n.最精彩的场面/部分【翻译】(1)The highlights of the match will be shown later this evening._(2)Ive highlighted the important sentences in yellow._(3)The report highlights the major problems facing society today._n.最精彩的部分最精彩的部分v.突出突出v.强调强调【完成句子】Al
21、though it may cost a lot to get to Florida,it _(将是你的旅行中一个最精彩的部分).In recent years,scholars _(强调的重要性)listening comprehension in college English teaching.will be the highlight of your triphave highlighted the importance offreeze冰雪奇缘冰雪奇缘（Frozen）是2013年迪士尼出品的3D动画电影，于2013年11月27日在美国上映。该片改编自安徒生童话白雪皇后（The Sno
22、w Queen），讲述小国阿伦黛尔因一个魔咒永远地被冰天雪地覆盖，为了寻回夏天，安娜公主和山民克里斯托夫以及他的驯鹿搭档组队出发，展开一段拯救王国的历险。影片中处 处 体 现“追 寻 自 我”“做 回 自己”“真情消融冻结的心”等元素，令观众心有触动。freeze 的词源义和基本义是“（使）结冰”vi&vt（使）结冰：（使）结冰：1.The lake was frozen over.2.Fresh water freezes at 0C.vi&vt（人）冻僵；（水管、机器等）冻住：（人）冻僵；（水管、机器等）冻住：3.Two men were frozen to death on the mo
23、untain.4.Our water pipes froze(up)last winter.freeze friz（使）人或物体（使）人或物体“结冰结冰”（使）液体（使）液体“结冰结冰”vi（天气）冰冷：（天气）冰冷：1.It may freeze tonight,so bring those plants inside.vi&vt 冷冻；冷藏：冷冻；冷藏：2.Tomatoes dont freeze well.3.Ill buy extra meat and just freeze it.vi&vt 停住不动停住不动 to stop moving suddenly：4.Freeze,or I
24、ll shoot!（使）空气（使）空气“结冰结冰”（使）食物（使）食物“结冰结冰”（使）身体、笑容等（使）身体、笑容等“结冰结冰”（使）结冰（使）结冰freeze（使）结冰（使）结冰基本义基本义（使）液体（使）液体“结冰结冰”（人）冻僵；（水（人）冻僵；（水管、机器等）冻住管、机器等）冻住停住不动停住不动（使）身体、笑容等（使）身体、笑容等“结冰结冰”（使）人或物体（使）人或物体“结冰结冰”freeze freeze 语义语义网络网络图图（天气）冰冷（天气）冰冷（使）空气（使）空气“结冰结冰”冷冻；冷藏冷冻；冷藏（使）食物（使）食物“结冰结冰”It is freezing cold.He is
25、 frozen.They were frozen to death in the battle.极冷的冻住了 freezing freezing point 冰点 adj.冷冻的，冷冻的冷冻的，冷冻的freezing cold极冷的;冻僵的 adv.极冷地极冷地 above freezing零上 below freezing零下 n.冰点冰点 frozen adj.冷冻的冷冻的;冷藏的冷藏的;冻僵的冻僵的frozen food 冷冻食品 mall ml:n.购物商场购物商场;购物广场购物广场=shopping mallmarket mkt:n.市场市场;集市集市;商场商场supermarket
26、 supmkt:n.超市超市;超级市场超级市场department store:百百货公司货公司;大百货商店大百货商店 prairie preri:n.北美草原北美草原plain:n.平原平原grass:n.青草青草;牧草牧草;草地草地;草场草场;牧场牧场grassland n.草原；牧草地草原；牧草地From Edmonton,the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie.火车从埃德蒙顿出发，向东南方向行驶，穿越火车从埃德蒙顿出发，向东南方向行驶，穿越加拿大加拿大大草原大草原。craft krft:n.手艺手艺;工艺
27、工艺;技艺技艺 craftsman n.工匠，手艺人工匠，手艺人 antique ntik:n.古物古物;古董古董 adj.古古老的老的;古董的古董的 ancient ennt:adj.古老的古老的;古代的古代的unique junik:adj.唯一的唯一的;独独特特的的an antique shop:古玩店古玩店anticipate vt正式用语先于正式用语先于之前做：之前做：1.Did the Vikings anticipate Columbus in discovering America?预期；预料预期；预料 to expect sth will happen and be read
28、y for it：2.A good speaker is able to anticipate an audiences needs.3.When they arrived in Canada,they did not anticipate seeing such an open country.人教新选必 4改 期待；期盼（好事）期待；期盼（好事）to think about sth that is going to happen,especially sth pleasant(look forward to)：4.构词：构词：anti-(=ante-,before)+cip(to take
29、)+-ate 在在之前抓住之前抓住 先于先于做做 预期预期expect词汇拓展词汇拓展 预期；预料：预期；预料：1.He bought extra food in anticipation of more people coming than hed invited.期待；期盼：期待；期盼：2.She waited in eager anticipation for Robert to arrive.anticipation n UWe must anticipate the difficulties we will face in our work.1)anticipate doing st
30、h 期待做某事 （expect to do sth）It is widely anticipated 普遍预料2）anticipation n.希望，预感 in anticipation(of)预料，预计1)The more I anticipate _(arrive)somewhere,the more disappointed I was.2)After months of _(anticipate),the holiday was a bit of a disappointment actually.3)We are glad that the eagerly _(anticipate)
31、movie will be released next month.arrivinganticipationanticipateda bunch of flowers a bunch of work 一束花一大堆工作thunder nd(r)vi.打雷打雷 轰隆隆地响轰隆隆地响 轰隆隆地快速移动轰隆隆地快速移动 un.雷声雷声 轰隆声轰隆声thunderous adj.雷鸣般的雷鸣般的 the thunder of applause 雷鸣般的掌声“闪的、声大闪的、声大”火车在雷雨中轰隆隆前进.The train thundered on in the thunder storm.thunder
32、 and lightning 闪电闪电 frost frst:n.霜霜;严寒天气严寒天气;霜霜冻冻 v.使蒙上霜使蒙上霜;结霜结霜frost over/up:结满霜结满霜;蒙上霜蒙上霜 frosty adj.严寒的严寒的;霜冻的霜冻的;冷淡的冷淡的;灰白的灰白的;frostily adv.寒冷地，冷漠地寒冷地，冷漠地;冷峻地冷峻地;curtain ktn:n.窗窗帘帘draw/pull/open/close a curtain:拉拉上上/打开打开/关上窗帘关上窗帘pull back the curtain:拉开窗帘拉开窗帘border bd(r):n.国界国界;边界边界;边边疆疆;边界地区边界
33、地区frontier frnt(r):n.国界国界;边界边界;边境边境(UK)boundary bandri:n.边界边界;界限界限;分界线分界线cross the border:穿越边穿越边界界写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.As thunder crashed in the sky,a train thundered past,shaking the whole house._2.My fridge is not cooling and the freezer is frosting up.Maybe I should buy a new frost-f
34、ree fridge._3.It snowed heavily last night,and the ground was covered with thick snow._ 4.Seeing her leaving in the pouring rain,I felt tears rain down my cheeks._5.The morning was quite bright with no clouds in the sky,but it clouded over in the afternoon._英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。英语中有很
35、多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示天气的名词常可转化为动词。例如，表示天气的名词常可转化为动词。contrary adj.相反的相反的;相对立的相对立的 be contrary to=be opposite to 与.相反 n.相反的事实相反的事实(或事情或事情)(常与常与the连用连用)onthecontrary 与此相反(作状语，位置灵活)to the contrary 相反的/地(相当于形容词或副词，常 放在修饰的名词后做后置定语)1.What you did is contrary _ what you said.2.You think you
36、are clever;_(与此相反),I assure that you are very foolish.3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the contrary to our intention.“拔苗助长”往往会事与愿违。on the contrary to 单句语法填空单句语法填空Contrary _ his expectation,he found the atmosphere exciting.Im not ill._ the contrary,Im very healthy.toOnast
37、onish vt.使吃惊使吃惊/惊讶惊讶astonishing adj.令人惊讶的令人惊讶的 astonished adj.感到惊讶感到惊讶/惊奇的惊奇的astonishment n.惊讶惊讶 What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话令在场所有人感到吃惊。surprise/amaze/shockan astonished look/expressionit astonishes sb.that 让某人感到惊讶的是be astonished at/by sth.因某事而吃惊be astonished to d
38、o sth.因做某事而吃惊to ones astonishment 使某人惊讶的是in astonishment 吃惊地1.用astonish及其相关形式和短语填空1)To my _,they seemed very _ at/by the news,and looked at me in astonishment.2)When he opened the book,he was astonished _(see)that the page was blank.4)_ astonished me that the man survived the air crash.astonishmenta
39、stonished to see It proceed vi.行进行进;继续做继续做proceed with sth 继续做某事继续做某事proceed to do sth 继续做某事，进而做继续做某事，进而做/参加某事参加某事 =continue/go on to do （另一件事）go on doing=continue doing 继续做(同一事)proceed towards/to朝朝行进行进1.Were not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.2.Passengers for Rome should procee
40、d to Gate 32 for boarding.3.He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more details.4.They only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip.own v.拥有拥有&adj.自己的自己的owe vt.欠欠(账、债、情等账、债、情等);应该做；把应该做；把.归功于归功于owe sb sth=owe sth to sb 欠某人某物owe it to sb.t
41、o do sth.应该为某人做某事owe A to B 把A归功于Bowe it to sb.that从句 把归功于某人 owing to 因为，由于1.You owe me a favour.=You owe a favour _ me.2.You owe it to your supporters to straighten up now.3.He owes his good health to his regular life.4.We owe _ to the Chinese Communist Party that we can live a good life.5._(由于下了大雨),the match was cancelled.to itOwing to the heavy rainowe money
