1、2022届湖南省湘潭市高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解On August 4, 2021, the US toymaker of Mattel showed the latest additions to the collection of Barbie Role Models series-custom, one-of-a-kind dolls modeled after six ordinary female workers. To shine a light on their efforts, Mattel is sharing their s
2、tories to inspire the next generation to take after these heroes and give back. The company does not plan on selling these dolls.Amy OSullivanAmy OSullivan is an emergency room nurse at Wyckoff Heights Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York. She treated Brooklyns first COVID-19 patient, survived a dea
3、dly attack of COVID-19 herself, and then returned to care for others.Professor Sarah GilbertProfessor Sarah Gilbert, a professor at the University of Oxford in England has been battling the pandemic(疫情) out of the public sight. Ms. Gilbert helped develop the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-l9 vaccine(疫苗),
4、which has helped save the lives of millions of people worldwide.Dr. Audrey Sue CruzDr. Audrey Sue Cruz is the perfect role model for any young girl wishing to have a STEM career. The 31-year-old got a bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering before turning to a medical school. Sue Cruz has been on
5、 the front lines in both hospitals and clinics during the pandemic.Dr. Kirby WhiteDr. Kirby White, a doctor in the countryside of Australia, was honored for her work in providing frontline workers with protective gowns(长袍) during the pandemic. She started the movement, Gowns for Doctors, which attra
6、cted hundreds of local volunteers and companies to make thousands of re-usable gowns. They were given away to over 750 countryside medical clinics.1Why does the toymaker exhibit the dolls?ATo collect donations.BTo develop the market.CTo inspire the youth.DTo create civilian heroes.2Which worker is w
7、orking behind the scenes?ASarah Gilbert.BKirby White.CAmy OSullivan.DAudrey Sue Cruz.3What do the four female workers have in common?AThey are well-known for their work.BThey have courage against COVID-19.CThey graduated from medical colleges.DThey devoted themselves to toy making.Six-year-old Kenda
8、ll Rae Johnson has been in love with gardening all her life. Now, the Georgia native is the states youngest certified farmer. Taught by her grandmother, Kendall started her first garden on a backyard, and by her fourth birthday, she had a backyard garden filled with carrots, tomatoes, onions, cucumb
9、ers and strawberries. Her green thumb just didnt extend in the walls of her garden. She started a monthly gardening club with subscription food boxes, to help spread awareness about farming among her peers.Kendalls journey to becoming a certified farmer didnt happen overnight. First, she had to get
10、a business unit at the state and federal levels. Then she joined various farming organizations associated with Georgias Department of Agriculture and Georgia Farm Bureau. This made her qualified to be certified.The ambitious grower was to apply for scholarships so she can purchase her own land and r
11、un the business, which she can legally do now that she is certified. She also hopes to raise $10,000 for an outdoor agricultural science lab to begin composting. Kendalls mother told ABC News her daughter was “the example of young entrepreneurship and the future of Black farmers.”Black farmers are f
12、ew and far between. According to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, of the farmers in the United States, less than 2% are black. However, Black people do have a strong history in farming. In 1920 there were nearly a million black farmers in the United States: there are just 45,000 now. But Kendall
13、 can help change that. Kendall regularly attends farming conferences and Agriculture summits and is committed to making a difference in the field. Throughout it all, she is still a kid and says her main goal is to make new friends. But along the way she also hopes to motivate those friends to grow a
14、n interest in farming.4What can we learn about Kendalls gardening club?AIt took her over a month to prepare.BIt made her the youngest certified farmer.CIt was created as a gift for her fourth birthday.DIt is aimed at teaching other kids about farming.5What does the author intend to convey in paragra
15、ph 2?AGetting certified as a farmer is not easy.BKendall is the youngest farmer in the USACThe journey to Kendalls garden is difficult.DKendall is popular among farming organizations.6What enables Kendall to buy land for her business?AAsking for scholarships.BRaising money by delivering speeches.CEa
16、rning money through her science lab.DSelling her own produce from her garden.7What is Kendalls wish according to the last paragraph?ATo educate the black farmers.BTo organize more farming meetings.CTo teach other kids to plant vegetables.DTo make more friends and inspire them.Tobogganing, or sleddin
17、g (雪橇), likely comes before the colonization of North America. Records show that Canadas First Peoples used small sleds to transport their belongings and food between camps, Raymond Flower writes in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports. But modern-day sled races can trace their origins back
18、 to the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s when British tourists decided to race in wooden luges (a sled used by one person) that locals had used to travel through snow. The origin is debatable in snowy northern New York, however, where there $ evidence that Albany held bobsled (a sled used by two or more
19、 people) races as early as 1885.Wherever they began, sled races quickly became popular. The famous Cresta Run, named after the Swiss town near the base of its course, was built in 1885 using snowbanks. The first organized competition was in 1898, hosted by the first bobsled club in nearby St.Moritz
20、(a city in Switzerland). It was then that sledding began to separate from the luge to include two new sports: bob sledding, and skeleton sledding (俯式雪橇).Cresta Run is considered the birthplace of the skeleton, a particularly daring form of sledding. Unlike the luge, where competitors ride feet-first
21、 on a sled with metal runners, the skeleton sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance. Riders lie down on the sled headfirst, then drop suddenly down an ice track. Bobsledding, meanwhile, involves teams of two to four in which the person in front controls directions and the player in back brak
22、es when needed. It earned its name after competitors started swinging back and forth to speed up the sled.Bobsledding initially overtook skeleton sledding in popularity, becoming one of a handful of sports played at the first Winter Games in 1924. The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta Run
23、for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton sled. But in the 1970s, adjustments were made to both the skeleton and bob runs in order to include the event at future winter games.8What can we infer about Raymond Flower?AHe is a writer.BHe is good at sleddi
24、ng.CHe invented the sledding race.DHe set the first record of sledding.9How does skeleton sledding differ from the luge?ASkeleton sledding runs on metal runners.BSkeleton sledding doesnt have back brakes.CRiders on Skeleton sledding sled with their feet.DSkeleton sledding needs players to lie down o
25、n it headfirst.10What limited the popularity of skeleton sledding?AIts special shape.BIts speed.CIts steel runners.DIts unsuitable adjustments.11What can be the best title for the text?AWhy is sledding so popular?BHow did sledding develop in Switzerland?CWhat are sledding adventures about?DHow did p
26、eople kill time in North America?Notpla is a London-based firm that makes a seaweed- based substitute for single use plastic packaging. Although some of Notplas products are suitable to be eaten, they are designed to be dissolved (溶解) after usage. The company s film wrap is made of seaweed lining in
27、stead of a conventional plastic based coating. This makes the film fully biodegradable and ideal for use as packaging for cupboard and bathroom supplies like coffee and toilet paper.According to the United Nations, 331 million kilograms of plastic garbage is produced annually around the world. Rough
28、ly 60% of the estimated 9.15 billion tons of plastic produced since the early 1950s has been taken to landfills or abandoned outdoors.Plastics harm the water, the air, and our bodies. Many experts agree that single-use plastics are unnecessary and dangerous. Some governments and towns in the Unite S
29、tates have taken action. New York has banned most plastic shopping bags, while plastic straws (吸管) have been banned in Miami Beach. Overseas, India stated in August that it plans to put a wide ban on single-use plastics this upcoming summer, with the European Union already implementing this ban.Seaw
30、eed comes in a variety of species and can be harvested or farmed. Notpla uses plants that have been farmed. Rodrigo Garcia Gonzalez and Pierre Paslie, the inventors of Notpla, initially considered seaweed as a solution to the worlds plastic problem for several reasons. Seaweed is abundant and grows
31、quickly. Additionally it doesnt compete with land crops and is highly favored for its ability to remove some waste products like carbon from the atmosphere.In cooperation with the online food ordering service Just Eat, the startup recently tested its product. Last year, the two companies handed out
32、30,000 takeaway boxes at various UK restaurants. Plans are in the works to offer the boxes across Europe in 2022. Notplas team intends to replace single use plastic in the supply chain more generally as they scale The company recognizes the difficulty of such a job given the volume of plastics consu
33、med around the world.12How does the author mainly develop paragraph 2?ABy comparing facts.BBy presenting figures.CBy raising questions.DBy giving examples.13What can best replace the underlined word implementing in paragraph 3?ALifting.BProtecting.COpposing.DPerforming.14What does paragraph 4 mainly
34、 talk about?AThe wide use of seaweed.BThe next goal of the new study.CThe huge market of the plastic bags.DThe advantages of choosing seaweed.15What does the company think of its plan to replace the whole single use plastic?AIt will be unpractical.BIt will be richly rewarded.CIt will be a little tou
35、gh.DIt will be rather successful.二、七选五How to Respond when Someone Judges YouDealing with judgment from other people can be tough, especially when its coming from a friend, family member, or colleague. Judgmental people are unavoidable, but you can easily deal with their criticism using positivity an
36、d compassion.Rid yourself of the judgment. Remember that a judgmental persons words are a reflection of their own beliefs-and not yours. Critical people criticize themselves more than anyone else. _16_.Be sympathetic. Practice sympathy to understand the source of this persons judgment. It could be t
37、hat they were judged by parents, family, or friends, in which case this persons critical attitude would be something they learned(and not necessarily intentional). While that doesnt excuse their behavior, having sympathy can inform your response. Say things like “_17_,” or “I see where youre coming
38、from, but” when you respond to someones judgment.Ask for clarification. _18_. Ask this person to explain what they said, and find out their motivation for saying it. You could ask then, “What are you trying to say? If you have constructive criticism, Im open to hearing it.” That way, youre giving th
39、e other person a gentle reminder to phrase their words constructively._19_. Be polite but firm when you call out judgmental people. If somebody crosses a line and makes you feel criticized, tell them how you feel. If someone is giving you criticism you didnt ask for, you could say, “_20_, and I have
40、 a plan that works for me.”AStop talking like thisBSet boundaries in the conversationCI understand why you feel that wayDI feel like I need to deal with this in my wayEI know you want to talk but this is a sensitive subject for meFJudgmental people may not know theyre being rude or unreasonableGSo t
41、he judgment they pass isnt actually about you, though it can feel personal三、完形填空As a child, I was crazy about flying. I spent hours watching birds fly, noting how the angle of their _21_ affected their flight. I would then waste tons of fresh printer paper, much to the disappointment of my parents,
42、to _22_ various wing types by constructing paper airplanes.One day, I decided to _23_. I built a plane out of a wooden clothes rack, with plastic bags as parachutes. After being in the air for a second, the world came _24_ around me as I fell onto the bed with pieces of wood flying everywhere.As I g
43、rew older, my inner _25_ to discover why produced a desire to solve problems, allowing my great _26_ for flying to turn into a deep-seated love for engineering.I began to _27_ myself academically, taking the hardest STEM classes offered. I also elected to participate in my schools engineering path.
44、_28_, I sought to solve problems that affect the real world. Inspired by the _29_ crisis in India, I _30_ a new purification system that can purify water more efficiently and cost-effectively than conventional plants.Working on the project, I saw the raw power of engineering a/an_31_ idea gradually
45、becoming reality. I was spending most of my days _32_ the why behind things, while also discovering solutions to common problems.Thirteen years have passed since that first flight, and I have yet to _33_ the difficulty of physical human flight. My five-year-old self would have seen the crash as a hu
46、ge _34_. But the great curiosity that I found in myself that day is still with me. It has continued to push me to challenge myself to _35_ ever more complex problems, absorbed in the promise and applicability of engineering.21AeyesBwingsCtailsDheads22Atake offBmake upCput onDtest out23AjumpBsingCflo
47、atDfly24ArunningBburningCcrashingDliving25AdoubtsBpainCdriveDconflicts26ApassionBsympathyCpatienceDpraise27AconvinceBbehaveCrelaxDchallenge28ABy the wayBMost of allCIn other wordsDStrange enough29AriverBwaterCenergyDidentity30AdevelopedBchangedCadvocatedDinformed31AabstractBbasicCabsurdDmain32ArememberingBtransportingCquestioningDseeking33AannounceBreserveCovercomeDregister34AeruptionBfailureChonourDenterprise35ArecordBcollectCaddressDaccept四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Three Chinese astronauts Zha
