1、2018 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题 (第 3 套）Part IWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the importance of building trust between business and consumers.You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more tha
2、n 200words.Part II ListeningComprehension(30minutes)（说明：由于 2018 年 6 月六级考试全国共考了 2 套听力，本套真题听力与前 2 套内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。）Part IIIReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a l
3、ist of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any
4、 of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of t
5、wo tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever
6、 people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so 29 that theyll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with speed and care.And just think of how wo
7、nderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, 31 , be like having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one-or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musks imagined machine, at least someone to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained,
8、 this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to read a公go众od号b【ook语. 听颖想】That is why we welcome Mr. Musks latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum ofhuman happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world-class journalism
9、, we should be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A). amassed C). emotional E). eventually G). extravagant I). misleading K). rewardM). sphereO). ventureB). casual D). enablingF). exaggerated H). generously J). preciousL). smartN). terrified第 7 页Section BDirectio
10、ns: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter
11、. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA. As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into the right college. I diligentlyattended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement
12、test preparation courses. I juggled （ 尽 力 应 付 ）cross- country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my churchs youth group and drama team. I didnt drink,party, or even do much dating. The right college, I thought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didnt have to be the Ivy League, but it
13、 needed to be “top school.”B. Looking back now, nine years later, I cant remember exactly what it was about these universities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps ？ Or an alumni network that I hoped would open doors down the line ？ Maybe. “I d
14、o think there are advantages to schools with more recognition,” notes Marybeth Gasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylvania. “I dont necessarily think thats a reason to go to one.”C. In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bit
15、snobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern schools, believing their curriculum to be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed of living in New York City and my parents obliged me with a visit to New York Universitys （ NYU ） campus. During the t
16、our, tuition fees were discussed.（ NYU is consistently ranked one of the countrys most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards of $64,000 a year.） Up until then, I hadnt truly realized just how expensive an education can be. Over the next few months, I realized not only could I
17、 not afford my dream school, I couldnt even afford the ones where Id been accepted. City University of New York （CUNY）, Rutgers University, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Mississippi State and the University of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees. Further complicat
18、ing my college search was a flourishing stack careerI wanted to keep running but my times werent quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.D. And so, at 11pm on the night of Georgia State Universitys （ GSU） midnight deadline, I applied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes Lists Top Colleges, No. 1
19、83 in Research Universities, and No. 108 in the South, I cant say it was my top choice. Still, the track coach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a decent consolation prize after New York City.E. While it may have been practical, it wasnt prestigious, But he
20、res the thing： I loved my “lower-tier” （ 低层 次 的 ） university. （ I use the term “low-tier” cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded research institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all over the country. ） We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools and
21、 getting the best grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future. But what if lower-tier colleges and universities were the ticket to escaping the rat race ？ After all, where else can you leave school with a decent degreebut without a lifetime of debt？F M公y s众cho号ol【did语n听t co颖m想e p】re-
22、packaged like the more popular options, so we were left to take care of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no one was championing for us to succeed in. What Im saying is, Iloved my university because it taught us all to be resourceful and we could make what
23、 we wanted out of it.G.I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded scholarship called HOPE（HelpingOutstanding Pupils Educationally） When I started college, the HOPE scholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered to graduating high school seniors with a GPA of 3.0 or
24、 higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during high school, supplemented by a small college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings account my parents created when I was born.H. So what about all that name recognition？ Sure, many of my colleagues and compet
25、itors have more glamorous alma maters（母校）than I do. As a journalist, I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer has ever asked me about myeducational background. In fact, almost every interview Ive ever had was due to a connectionone
26、 that Ive gained through pure determination, not a school brand.I. According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelors in 2012 have an average monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduated in 2004. Ultimately, thats the thing universities dont want to
27、admit. Private universities are money-making institutions. If you can afford to buy prestige, thats your choice. For the rest of us, however, our hearty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J.Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates； namely, strong alumn
28、i networks, star faculty, and a rsum boost. But you neednt attend an Ivy League school to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the former CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis are alumni of my college, as well as VICEs first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successful people tend to be successful no matt
29、er where they go to school. And lower-tier schools can have alumni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tier school alumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recognize that you didnt necessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be more will
30、ing to offer career help, because your less famous school denotes that, like them., you are also full of energy and perseverance.K. The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, in which college graduates, who applied to the most selective schools in the 12th grade were com
31、pared to those who applied to slightly less selective schools. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where they went to school.L. Likewise, star faculty is not always found where youd expect. Big name schools are not necessar
32、ily the best places for professors ； plus, many professors split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This means, for instance, a CUNY student could reasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professor as they would if they were enrolled i
33、n the same class at NYU.M. Its possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational rsum, but its no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in The Atlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluating graduates f
34、or hire, beaten out by top factors like internships, employment during college, college major, volunteer experience, and extracurriculars.N. Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to succeed because they aredetermined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I could do it a
35、gain, Id still make the same choice.Today Im debt-free, resourcefuland I understand that even the shiniest packaging cant predict w公ha众t y号ou【ll 语fin听d o颖n t想he】inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school h
36、elped pay for her living expenses and books at college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying to choose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduates salary is determined by their potential, not the university they attended.40. The aut
37、hor cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities appear a lot better. 41.None of the authors job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigiousuniversity.43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, t
38、he author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expensive. 45.Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in th
39、is section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centrepassage oneQuestions 46 to
40、50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking， are we better off than we were ten years ago？ Twenty years ago？ In their thirst for evidence on this issue， commentators seized on the recent report by theCensus Bureau ， which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfo
41、rtunately， that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful， but flawed and incomplete， statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Censuss measure are that ： 1 ） it excludes taxes ， transfers， and compensation like employer-provided health insurance ； and 2 ） it is based on surveys rath
42、er than data. Even if precisely measured ， income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being ， such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question， we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow ， which proposes an int
43、eresting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect ， it is considerably more comprehensive than average income ， taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time ， life expectancy， and inequality. Moreover， it can be used to assess econo
44、mic performance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.In 2005， as the authors observe， real consumption per person in France was only 60% as
45、 high as the U.S.， makiIn 2005， as the authors observe， real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S.， making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However， that comparison omits other relevant factors： leisure time， life expe
46、ctancy， and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier ， so typically work fewer hours ； they enjoy a higher life expectancy， presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care， diet， lifestyle， and the like； and income and consumption are somewhat more equall
47、y distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences， comparing Frances consumption with the U.S.s overstates the gap in economic welfare.公众号【语听颖想】Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example， this calculation puts economic welfare in the United
48、Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels， but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economys performance over time. According to this measure， as of the early-to-mid-2000s， the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007， economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However，the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically， the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important qualit
