1、1 遣词方面:用词要贴切丰富,善用短语词汇是语言的建筑材料,文章的好坏,选词很关键,如果用词精湛,就会使文章“亮”起来。1、措辞要贴切具体试比较下面句子:A man is walking down the street.A man is strolling down the street.通过比较可以看出,前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体,那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它,就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人,如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛,我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人,如 generous(大方的,慷
2、慨的),humorous(幽默的),smart(漂亮的,潇洒的),kind-hearted,warm-hearted,hospitable(好客的,招待周到的),gentle(文雅的),optimistic(乐观的),easy-going(随和的),spirited(英勇的),cultivated(有教养的),manly(有男子气概的),knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。2、要善于运用短语短语用得好,会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如:When he was a child,he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)When he was a child,he
3、had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)3、要避免汉语思维用词要符合英语习惯,避免汉语思维的影响,如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成,不能随意打乱其搭配习惯,否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”,英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”,而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功),gain reputation (获得声誉),attain ones end (达到目的)等。2 造句方面:句式要准确而多变,活用复合句简单句用得太多,会造成文章读起来乏味。在
4、评卷员看来,同样意思的内容,能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达,当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强,评分自然就高。1、巧用非谓语动词运用非谓语动词,可使文句看起来更简洁,使语言更加丰富多彩,重点更加突出,增加文采。如:I covered my ears,trying to keep the noise out,but failed. 2、巧用with复合结构 “with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构,常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性,使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较:I couldnt go on studying because ther
5、e was so much noise troubling me. (普通)I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)3、巧用复合句高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性,鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构,并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句,就会使文章出彩。如:(定语从句) Whats more,people have easy access to the Internet,which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever th
6、ey like.4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动,加强语气,使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.(感叹句)I thought,“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”5、巧用排山倒海句如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语,可令文章增色不少,会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如:The purpose of the program are to make our school
7、more beautiful,to make the air cleaner and fresher,and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.3 谋篇方面:结构要清晰而流畅,巧用过渡词众所周知,语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子,而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确,要点齐全,更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此,恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子,是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用,对高考写作很有帮助:
8、(1)Firstly.,secondly.,thirdly.,finally.(2)In the first place.,in the second place.,in the third place.,lastly.(3)to begin with.,then.,furthermore.,finally.(4)to start with.,next.,in addition.,finally.(5)first and foremost.,besides.,last but not least.(6)most important of all.,moreover.,finally.如果只有两层意思,可选用下列两组中的任一组:(1)On the one hand.,on the other hand.(2)For one thing., and for another thing.