1、高中英语阅读理解中的猜词教学案例高中英语阅读理解中的猜词教学案例溧阳市竹箦中学 殷丽娟一、教学内容和教学背景该课是针对高三学生设计的一堂专项训练课,具体介绍在高中英语阅读理解中的猜词技巧。“猜测词句意义”题型在高考阅读中占有一定的份量。而我们学生在这方面的技能显得薄弱,猜词能力比较差,猜词没有具体的系统的方法,因此,针对此题型的训练就显得很有必要。二、具体的教学设计流程本节课采用了“自主,探究, 总结,巩固”的教学方式,辅助以多媒体,达到较好的教学效果。教学流程如下:Step-one: Lead in by showing the common questions in reading mat
2、erials:(1). The author uses the word “” to mean _.(2). The underlined word (phrase, term) “” means _.(3). According to the passage, the word “” properly means _.(4). The word “” in paragraph refers to _.(5). By “”, the author means _.(6). Which of the following is closest in meaning to “”?(7). What
3、is “”?Step-two: Guessing Unknown Words / Vocabulary (猜词)The students will read the passages and guess by themselves. Then they will tell their answers and how they decide their answers.1). Definition and explanation 利用定义和解释猜测词义;nt give it up halfway.The underlined word means_.A. strong B. firm C. ki
4、nd D. clever2) Experience 根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义Eg.(1): Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. A. to work to live B. to eat to liveC. to teach to live D. to pay to use part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, th
5、ey say so.The word “audience” in the paragraph means _.A. students B. people who watch a playC. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something3) Related Information 即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。 he worked as an engineer.A. work B. study C. name D. interest4) Guessing from Comparison and Contrast
6、根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义;different from that inside the city.A. town B. capital C. country D. house5) Guessing word from deion exemplification 通过描述和例证猜词 Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.A. dictionaries B. story-books C. magazines D. newspapers6) Guessing word from Synonym and Antonym通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
7、。 young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _.A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uned
8、ucated D. sick7) Guessing word from Cause and Result 通过原因与结果关系猜词 am going to watch a movie on campus, an action movie called “Face Off”.The underlined words “a treat” here means _.A. an action movie B. something pleasant to enjoyC. a rest D. something nice to eat8) Word formation 即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识
9、判断生词的词义(1) Overwork may cause diseases.前缀over-的意思是“过分的、过量的”故overwork的意思应为“工作过度”。(2) There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes.satisfied的意思是“满意的”,前缀dis-的意思是“不”,故dissatisfied的意思应该是“不满意的”。Step-three: review the skills together and consolidate the skills through more exercisesGive students more
10、 passages to practise the words-guessing skills. Check the answers and check the ways.Step-four: homework: read more passages and do more practice in their books.三、本课设计的指导思想要使英语教学的效果达到最优化,关键的问题不是在于老师讲了多少,而是在于学生学好多少。而学生对知识和技能的掌握又不是靠老师灌输得到的,而是靠他们自身的体验获得的。因此,在高三的专项训练中,重点是让学生在体验中获得他们的学习和解题方法。老师需要介绍理论知识和
11、方法指导,但能变为他们自己的解题能力的方法只有在实践中才能转化。所以,这节课的出发点就是让学生在例子中仔细观察,找出其中的解题方法,然后对这些方法作总结,最后再次在练习里面印证和加固这些技巧,以最终变成他们自己的技能。四、教学方法分析基于以上所述的指导思想,这节课基本上都是学生在动手动脑动口,老师只是在某些地方作指点和总结。这种解题技能的习得只能是学生在实际训练中才得以提高,老师讲再多都不一定就有用。所以,本堂课遵循了学生语言学习的规律,技能掌握的规律,采用学生自主学习的方式,以学生动手动脑为主,让学生在实践中获得技能,并且在做题中增加的学生的信心和积极性,给学生一种继续前进的欲望。在教学过程
12、中,教师扮演的角色是组织者、引导者,诱导学生积极主动地参与教学活动并且在适当的时候给予帮助和总结。五、教学反思作为高三的老师,专项训练和复习有着极大的挑战性。在向其他老师学习的基础上,我根据自己班的实际情况进行了修正,因此,这是一个采纳他人之长,结合本班实际的教学案例。作为个人的方法指导课程,本节课也有着不够完美的地方。比如说,对具体情况下猜词的方法分析知道有时显得不够成熟,说服力不够,学生还是有点迷惑。但总体上来说,我相信学生的收获还是很多的:首先,这些解题技巧在以前的阅读中很少专门作总结和专项训练,因此,学生的第一感觉就是这些方法很有用。虽然他们平时也有猜词,但通常都没有什么系统的理论依据,所以,他们觉得耳目一新。其次,在做中学的方式对于这些专项训练还是很有效果的。学生能充分发挥他们的主观能动性,通过他们的观察和尝试找到正确的答案,并从中得到他们想要的方法,这会给他们带来激情和动力。在接下来的更多操练中得到再次的巩固,同时也是对他们能力的再一次印证,这就给学生树立了信心。最后,这种训练方法一改满堂灌的乏闷,给学习充足的学习和动手空间,同时也把老师从辛苦的讲课中解放出来。对学生对老师都是很好的上课方式。