1、时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时含有情态动词do/doesdidwill doam/is/are doingwas/were doinghave/has donehad done情态动词情态动词+doam/is/are donewas/were donewill be doneam/is/are being donewas/were being donehave/has been donehad been done情态动词情态动词+be+done1)I write a diary every day.2)They w
2、ill plant trees tomorrow.3)You must lock the door when you leave.4)He has held two parties so far.5)I taught him English two years ago.6)He had finished his homework before I came back.7)They are building an activity center at present.8)My father bought me a new bike.9)They were painting the house w
3、hen I arrived there.1)I write a diary every day.2)They will plant trees tomorrow.3)You must lock the door when you leave.4)He has held two parties so far.5)I taught him English two years ago.A diary is written every day(by me).Trees will be planted(by them)tomorrow.The door must be locked(by you)whe
4、n you leave.Two parties have been held(by him)so far.He was taught English(by me)two years ago.English was taught toto him(by me)two years ago.6)He had finished his homework before I came back.7)They are building an activity center at present.8)My father bought me a new bike.9)They were painting the
5、 house when I arrived there.His homework had been finished before I came back.An activity center is being built(by them)at present.I was bought a new bike(by my father).A new bike was bought forfor me(by my father).The house were being painted(by them)when I arrived there.不用被动语态的几种情况：不用被动语态的几种情况：1)不
6、及物动词不及物动词(vi.)无被动；无被动；2)系动词系动词(link.-v)无被动无被动;3)当当cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash,cook,lock,shut,dry,drink等动词遇上等动词遇上well/badly等副词等副词表示主语的性质或特征时，用主动语态表示被动表示主语的性质或特征时，用主动语态表示被动4)不能用于被动的及物动词不能用于被动的及物动词have,wish,cost,fit,suffer from,happen to,take place,take part in,belong to,consist of.1)The dinosaurs we
7、re disappeared about 65 million years ago.2)The fish was tasted delicious.3)The book has been sold well.4)The children were taking care of by the teacher last night.5)Dont speak unless you spoken to.6)The story was happened on a rainy night.7)He didnt see me because he was looked in another directio
8、n then.8)Tea was drank with a china cup.takenarelookingdrunk非谓语形式非谓语形式 主动主动被动被动动词不定式动词不定式现在分词现在分词/动名词动名词过去分词过去分词to dodoinghaving doneto be donebeing donehaving been donedone _(offer)you jobs is what we should do._(offer)a good job is good luck.It is good luck _(offer)a good luck.OfferingBeing offere
9、dto be offeredWhat we should do is _(offer)them good jobs.My job is _(ask)questions and _(give)instructions.My goal is _(admit)to Beijing University.to offerbeing askedgivingto be admittedI want _(treat)equally.He minded _(tease)about his balding head.to be treatedbeing teased_(admit)into a key unvi
10、ersity,you have to study hard._(investigate)by the police now,the case is not yet clear.To be admittedBeing investigated1)I want the criminal _(punish).2)With everything _(prepare),I felt relieved.3)Would he mind him _(mention)in the report?4)I heard the song _(play)when I passed by.5)I heard the so
11、ng _(sing)twice.6)I have had my bike _(repair).7)I raised my voice to make myself _(hear).to be punishedpreparedbeing mentionedbeing playedsungrepairedheardThe meeting _(hold)twice a year is very important.The meeting _(hold)at the moment is very important.The meeting _(hold)tomorrow is very importa
12、nt.heldbeing heldto be held非谓语中使用被动结构的注意事项：非谓语中使用被动结构的注意事项：1.1)want/require/need doing 需要被需要被.=want/require/need to be done 2)desire doing 值得被值得被.=desire to be done 3)sth be worth doing 某事值得做某事值得做.2.主主+系系+表表(形容词形容词)+to do 表主语的性质、特征时表主语的性质、特征时用主动表被动用主动表被动3.sb/sth be to blame 某人应受责备某人应受责备(主动表被动主动表被动)s
13、th be to let/rent 某物是供出租的某物是供出租的(主动表被动主动表被动)4.have/give/get/buy/lend/want sth 后带后带to do作定作定语语,to do的的do与与sth为动宾关系，前面逻辑主语与为动宾关系，前面逻辑主语与to do的的do为主谓关系，则为主谓关系，则to do用主动式用主动式I have a lot of work to do.He gave me a book to read.with sth to do 有某事要做有某事要做(主动表被动主动表被动)There be sth to do/to be done 有某事要做有某事要做 (主动、主动、被动都可，但多用主动被动都可，但多用主动)Ill go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?
